scholarly journals Expansion of Tubular with Elastomers in Multilateral Wells

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 41
Author(s):  
Md Velden ◽  
FKS Al-Jahwari
Keyword(s):  
High Stress ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Expansion Ratio ◽  
Outer Diameter ◽  
Deep Drilling ◽  
Expansion Process ◽  
Well Drilling ◽  
Zonal Isolation ◽  
Expansion Force ◽  
Equal Spacing

 The use of solid expandable tubular technology during the last decade has focused on solving many challenges in well drilling and delivery including zonal isolation, deep drilling, conservation of hole sizes, etc. not only as pioneered solution but also providing cost effective and long lasting solutions. Concurrently, the technology was extended for construction of multilateral in typical wells. The process of horizontal tubular expansion is similar to the vertical expansion of expandable tubular in down-hole environment with the addition of uniformly distributed force due to its weight. The expansion is targeted to increase its diameter such that post expansion characteristics remain within allowable limits. In this study a typical expandable tubular of 57.15 mm outer diameter and 6.35 mm wall thickness was used with two different elastomer seals of 5 and 7 mm thickness placed at equal spacing of 200 mm. The developed stress contours during expansion process clearly showed the high stress areas in the vicinity of expansion region which lies around the mandrel. These high stresses may result in excessive wear of the mandrel. It was also found out that the drawing force increases as the mandrel angle, expansion ratio, and friction coefficient increases. A mandrel angle of 20o  requires minimum expansion force and can be considered as an optimum geometrical parameter to lower the power required for expansion. 

Utilizing Novel Expandable Steel Packers to Overcome Multi-Stage Fracturing Completion Deployment Challenges in Horizontal Gas Wells

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ebikebena M. Ombe ◽  
Ernesto G. Gomez ◽  
Aldia Syamsudhuha ◽  
Abdullah M. AlKwiter
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Outer Diameter ◽  
Gas Wells ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
High Pressure High Temperature ◽  
Zonal Isolation ◽  
Gas Bearing ◽  
Productive Time

Abstract This paper discusses the successful deployment of Multi-stage Fracturing (MSF) completions, composed of novel expandable steel packers, in high pressure, high temperature (HP/HT) horizontal gas wells. The 5-7/8" horizontal sections of these wells were drilled in high pressure, high temperature gas bearing formations. There were also washed-outs & high "dog-legs" along their wellbores, due to constant geo-steering required to keep the laterals within the hydrocarbon bearing zones. These factors introduced challenges to deploying the conventional MSF completion in these laterals. Due to the delicate nature of their packer elastomers and their susceptibility to degradation at high temperature, these conventional MSF completions could not be run in such hostile down-hole conditions without the risk of damage or getting stuck off-bottom. This paper describes the deployment of a novel expandable steel packer MSF completion in these tough down-hole conditions. These expandable steel packers could overcome the challenges mentioned above due to the following unique features: High temperature durability. Enhanced ruggedness which gave them the ability to be rotated & reciprocated during without risk of damage. Reduced packer outer diameter (OD) of 5.500" as compared to the 5.625" OD of conventional elastomer MSF packers. Enhanced flexibility which enabled them to be deployed in wellbores with high dog-leg severity (DLS). With the ability to rotate & reciprocate them while running-in-hole (RIH), coupled with their higher annular clearance & tolerance of high temperature, the expandable steel packers were key to overcoming the risk of damaging or getting stuck with the MSF completion while RIH. Also, due to the higher setting pressure of the expandable steel packers when compared to conventional elastomer packers, there was a reduced risk of prematurely setting the packers if high circulating pressure were encountered during deployment. Another notable advantage of these expandable packers is that they provided an optimization opportunity to reduce the number of packers required in the MSF completion. In a conventional MSF completion, two elastomer packers are usually required to ensure optimum zonal isolation between each MSF stage. However, due to their superior sealing capability, only one expandable steel packer is required to ensure good inter-stage isolation. This greatly reduces the number of packers required in the MSF completion, thereby reducing its stiffness & ultimately reducing the probability of getting stuck while RIH. The results of using these expandable steel packers is the successful deployment of the MSF completions in these harsh down-hole conditions, elimination of non-productive time associated with stuck or damaged MSF completion as well as the safe & cost-effective completion in these critical horizontal gas wells.

scholarly journals Experimental and Numerical Analysis of Expanded Pipe using Rigid Conical Shape

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (8) ◽  
pp. 106
Author(s):  
Ahmed Ibrahim Razooqi
Keyword(s):  
Plastic Deformation ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Numerical Analysis ◽  
Expansion Ratio ◽  
Large Plastic Deformation ◽  
Expansion Process ◽  
Finite Element Software ◽  
Conical Shape ◽  
Expansion Force ◽  
Good Agreement

The experimental and numerical analysis was performed on pipes suffering large plastic deformation through expanding them using rigid conical shaped mandrels, with three different cone angles (15◦, 25◦, 35◦) and diameters (15, 17, 20) mm. The experimental test for the strain results investigated the expanded areas. A numerical solution of the pipes expansion process was also investigated using the commercial finite element software ANSYS. The strains were measured for each case experimentally by stamping the mesh on the pipe after expanding, then compared with Ansys results. No cracks were generated during the process with the selected angles. It can be concluded that the strain decreased with greater angles of conical shape and an increase in expansion ratio results in an increase of expansion force and a decrease in the pipe thickness and length resulting in pipe thinning and shortening. Good agreement is evident between experimental and ANSYS results within discrepancy (16.90017%) in the X direction and (27.68698%) in the Y direction. Also, the stress distribution is investigated and it can be concluded that the case of Diameter (Do cone) = 35mm and (A) = α = 15° is the optimum.  

Study on the Expansion Force of TWIP Steel Expandable Tubular in Solid Expandable Tubular Technology

2019 ◽  
Vol 142 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shengkun Wang ◽  
Shengjun Huang ◽  
Minglei Wang ◽  
Gang Chen
Keyword(s):  
Twip Steel ◽  
Yield Criterion ◽  
Cone Angle ◽  
Expansion Ratio ◽  
Plastic Behavior ◽  
Expansion Process ◽  
Rigid Plastic ◽  
Linear Hardening ◽  
Plastic Model ◽  
Expansion Force

Abstract This paper focuses on the expansion process of twinning-induced plasticity (TWIP) steel tubular undergoing the large circumferential plastic deformation in expandable tubular technology. The expansion process was performed by propagating a mandrel through the tubular mechanically. This paper aimed at developing the mathematical models to predict the expansion force required for the radial expansion of the TWIP steel tubular using the rigid-perfectly plastic model and the linear hardening rigid plastic model, respectively. The volume incompressible condition together with the Tresca yield criterion was used to describe the plastic behavior of the tubular material in the expansion process. Besides, the finite element analysis of the expansion process was developed using the commercial software abaqus to validate the theoretical results and determine the scope of application of the derived expansion force formula. Further to this, the effect of the process parameters, such as the expansion ratio, friction coefficient and the cone angle, on the expansion force was investigated. It was found that the expansion force difference of two models have similar variation trend. The accuracy and applicability of the expansion force formula using the linear hardening rigid plastic model improve as the expansion ratio increases and the expansion cone angle decreases.

A New Shaft Coupling Design for a High-Speed Rotor Wheel

1995 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tibor Kiss ◽  
Wing-Fai Ng ◽  
Larry D. Mitchell
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
High Stress ◽  
Critical Issue ◽  
Working Environment ◽  
Outer Diameter ◽  
Stress Concentrations ◽  
Coupling Region ◽  
Rotor Wheel ◽  
High Stress Concentration ◽  
Safety Margins

Abstract A high-speed rotor wheel for a wind-tunnel experiment has been designed. The rotor wheel was similar to one in an axial turbine, except that slender bars replaced the blades. The main parameters of the rotor wheel were an outer diameter of 10“, a maximum rotational speed of 24,000 RPM and a maximum transferred torque of 64 lb-ft. Due to the working environment, the rotor had to be designed with high safety margins. The coupling of the rotor wheel with the shaft was found to be the most critical issue, because of the high stress concentration factors associated with the conventional coupling methods. The efforts to reduce the stress concentrations resulted in an advanced coupling design which is the main subject of the present paper. This new design was a special key coupling in which six dowel pins were used for keys. The key slots, now pin-grooves, were placed in bosses on the inner surface of the hub. The hub of the rotor wheel was relatively long, which allowed for applying the coupling near the end faces of the hub, that is, away from the highly loaded centerplane. The long hub resulted in low radial expansion in the coupling region. Therefore, solid contact between the shaft and the hub could be maintained for all working conditions. To develop and verify the design ideas, stress and deformation analyses were carried out using quasi-two-dimensional finite element models. An overall safety factor of 3.7 resulted. The rotor has been built and successfully accelerated over the design speed in a spin test pit.

Cost Effective Water Shut-Off: Slickline Conveyed High Expansion Ratio Through Tubing Bridge Plug

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Abdulhadi ◽  
Pei Tze Kueh ◽  
Aiman Zamanuri ◽  
Wai Cheong Thang ◽  
Hon Voon Chin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effective ◽  
Expansion Ratio ◽  
Effective Water

In-Plane Electromagnetic Generator Fabricated on Printed Circuit Board Technology

2013 ◽  
Vol 479-480 ◽  
pp. 524-529
Author(s):  
C.T. Pan ◽  
F.T. Hsu ◽  
C.C. Nien ◽  
Z.H. Liu ◽  
Y.J. Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Printed Circuit Board ◽  
Energy Harvester ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Circuit Board ◽  
Outer Diameter ◽  
Magnetic Element ◽  
Induced Voltage ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Printed Circuit ◽  
Electromagnetic Generator

Small and efficient energy harvesters, as a renewable power supply, draw lots of attention in the last few years. This paper presents a planar rotary electromagnetic generator with copper coils fabricated by using printed circuit board (PCB) as inductance and Nd-Fe-B magnets as magnetic element. Coils are fabricated on PCB, which is presumably cost-effective and promising methods. 28-pole Nd-Fe-B magnets with outer diameter of 50 mm and thickness of 2 mm was sintered and magnetized, which can provide magnetic field of 1.44 Tesla. This harvester consists of planar multilayer with multi-pole coils and multi-pole permanent magnet, and the volume of this harvester is about 50x50x2.5 mm3. Finite element analysis is used to design energy harvesting system, and simulation model of the energy harvester is established. In order to verify the simulation, experiment data are compared with simulation result. The PCB energy harvester prototype can generate induced voltage 0.61 V and 13.29mW output power at rotary speed of 4,000 rpm.

Successful Deployment of Metal Expandable Technology with Inner String Stage Cementing System Overcomes Well Construction Challenges in Bab Field, UAE

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Levison Mwansa ◽  
Esha Narendra Varma ◽  
Victor Jose Aguilar ◽  
Alexander Amorocho ◽  
Daniel McPherson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effective ◽  
Accelerated Corrosion ◽  
Technology Application ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Successful Execution ◽  
Post Operation ◽  
Zonal Isolation ◽  
Gas Market ◽  
Reliable Solution ◽  
Gas Tight

Abstract Inability to effectively isolate depleted aquifer formations due to severe losses during cementation leads to accelerated corrosion of the production casing. Per current practice, a top job is performed from surface to fill the annulus with cement, but with limited success in a severe losses’ scenario. The objective is to improve zonal isolation by applying V0 rated multiple stage cementation technology with inner string thus enhancing well integrity during the life cycle of the well. A metal expandable annular sealing system was selected as a reliable isolation mechanism for effective cementation behind aquifers due to its ability to provide high expansion in potentially washed-out wellbores and the feature of long multi-element sealing systems with built in redundancy. The inner string operated stage cementing system provides a reliable solution to selectively and accurately place cement above the metal expandable packer whilst maintaining V0 casing integrity once closed. Additionally, the unique combination of technologies provides a cost-effective life of well solution compared to current stage cementing methodologies. Following successful execution of three trial jobs, the multi-stage cement using V0 rated tools and an inner string was compared to similar jobs done per current cementing practices. Analysis involved reviewing the cement bond column coverage and quality (CBL) with offset wells. Cement bond log results showed that this technique enhanced the cement column quality behind the 9 5/8" casing across the aquifer zones with moderate to good cement for the most part. Contaminated cement was observed just below the previous casing shoe and this could be addressed by adding another stage tool just above the previous casing shoe. Overall results show improved cement column quality for this section when compared to conventional jobs with similar conditions and is recommended for future use in severe to total losses scenario. In a situation where losses are seen at the previous casing shoe, a three-stage job is recommended. Other benefits include: Security and confidence in gas tight sealing capability and mechanical integrity Precise and conclusive operation for open, close and lock with no risk of accidental lock Ability to squeeze cement below the metal expandable packer No reduction in pressure rating regardless of OH ID and full bore ID of casing No post operation drill out required of the stage tools V0 stage cementing tools with inner string and metal expandable annular sealing system are not available on Oil & Gas market as a single tool. Therefore, this combined technology application of solutions from different technology providers to access a dedicated solution is totally novel and creates an opportunity for future applications across the industry.

Improving Sweep Efficiency by Zonal Isolation Using High Expansion Ratio Inflatable Plugs - A Case Study II

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manish Kumar ◽  
Nakul Varma ◽  
Gaurav Dangwal ◽  
Manoj Gupta ◽  
Preyas Srivastava ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Expansion Ratio ◽  
Sweep Efficiency ◽  
Zonal Isolation

Fatigue Life and Reliability Consideration During Field Repair of Coke Drum and Piping

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tej Chadda ◽  
Umakanthan Anand
Keyword(s):  
Fatigue Life ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Fatigue Cracks ◽  
High Stress ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Thermal Operation ◽  
Delayed Coking ◽  
First Case ◽  
Crack Repair

Aging coke drums and their connected overhead piping in delayed coking units experience fatigue cracks which most commonly occur at the skirt junction and high stress pipe welds. This paper presents 2-case studies of this new cost-effective repair methodology with fatigue resistant design upgrade. The first case study applies to coke drum weld build-up solid skirt crack repair and the second for overhead vapor line weld crack repair. This paper presents new field repair methodology which could also improve long term fatigue resistance. It also suggests optimizing the thermal operation & thermal gradients of coke drums for further reliability improvement. Based on FEA, successful field execution and our experience, these case studies demonstrate a long term improvement in reliability and fatigue life of the order of 2.5 to 3 or higher especially if combined with thermal operation optimization.

Fabrication and Characterization of Titanium Based Nanotubes

2009 ◽  
Vol 79-82 ◽  
pp. 581-584 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Ang Song ◽  
Li Xin Cao ◽  
Ge Su ◽  
Wei Liu ◽  
Hui Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Outer Diameter ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Amorphous Phases ◽  
Selected Area Electron Diffraction ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Inner Diameter

Titanium based nanotubes (8-12nm outer diameter and 4-6nm inner diameter) were successfully fabricated by a simple and cost-effective hydrothermal method. The nanotube-like amorphous phases TNT(Na) and TNT(H) were obtained with different post treatment. The samples were characterized by means of high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), selected area electron diffraction (SAED), energy dispersive X-ray spectrum (EDS) and UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS). The photocatalytic activities of the nanotubes were evaluated using photo-oxidation of methyl orange.

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