scholarly journals Growth Responses of Chemically Root-pruned Cork Oak Seedlings in the Nursery

2001 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 69-72
Author(s):  
M. Pardos ◽  
J.A. Pardos ◽  
G. Montero
Keyword(s):  
Root Length ◽  
Lateral Roots ◽  
Cork Oak ◽  
Root Weight ◽  
Growth Responses ◽  
Latex Paint ◽  
Root Collar Diameter ◽  
Tap Root ◽  
Collar Diameter ◽  
Root Collar

Abstract Cork oak (Quercus suber L.) seedlings of two Iberian provenances (PA-SR and SM-Lp) were grown for one growing season in non-treated containers or in containers treated on their interior surfaces with white exterior latex paint containing 80 g CuCO3/liter. Copper carbonate-treated containers effectively prevented root deformation and decreased the amount of circled, kinked and matted roots formed at the container wall-medium interface. Root morphology was altered by the copper coating, so elongation of lateral roots contacting CuCO3-treated surfaces was more reduced than that of the tap root (82.7% vs 1.5%). These lateral roots showed higher branching frequency than roots contacting untreated container walls. CuCO3 treatment decreased root collar diameter, but did not influence seedling height, leaf area and tap root length. No sign of copper toxicity was observed in any seedling treated with CuCO3. Provenance had a significant effect on height, root collar diameter, tap root length and root weight per unit length; these results may reflect differences in growth habit of the two provenances. Other growth parameters measured were affected by a copper × provenance interaction. Seedlings of the PA-SR provenance produced less root and plant dry wt when grown in CuCO3-treated than in control containers, but shoot:root ratio was not influenced.

scholarly journals Machine Vision System for Quality Control Assessment of Bareroot Pine Seedlings

1997 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 90-96
Author(s):  
J. H. Wilhoit ◽  
L. J. Kutz ◽  
W. A. Vandier
Keyword(s):  
Machine Vision ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Vision System ◽  
Machine Vision System ◽  
Forest Nursery ◽  
Root Collar Diameter ◽  
Pine Seedlings ◽  
Tap Root ◽  
Collar Diameter ◽  
Root Collar

Abstract A PC-based multiple camera machine vision system for measuring bareroot pine seedlings has been developed for operational data collection in a forest nursery. The system was used for quality control sampling in a forest nursery for 2 lifting seasons. In tests conducted during the first lifting season measuring 100 loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) seedlings, there was only moderate correlation on a seedling-by-seedling basis between manual measurements made by nursery personnel and machine vision measurements of root collar diameter, shoot height, and tap root length. Overall machine vision and manual measurement distribution results for seedling samples were in close agreement, however. A bud tip height measurement routine was added to the system after the first lifting season, and a second set of tests was conducted measuring 175 history plot seedlings. In these tests, manual measurements made by researchers correlated well with machine vision measurements of root collar diameter and tap root length. Overall sample distribution results were also in close agreement for root collar diameter, tap root length, and bud tip height. With the machine vision system, seedling samples can be measured by 1 person in approximately the same or less time than it takes 2 people to measure them manually. South. J. Appl. For. 21(2):90-96.

Effects of mycorrhizas on growth of pine seedlings

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (03) ◽  
pp. 41-47
Author(s):  
Gantuya B ◽  
Burenjargal O
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Pinus Sylvestris ◽  
Scots Pine ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Glomus Mosseae ◽  
Root Collar Diameter ◽  
Percentage Survival ◽  
Pine Seedlings ◽  
Collar Diameter ◽  
Root Collar

Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) is an economically important source of timber in Mongolia and has been widely used in reforestation programs. In this study, we investigated the effects of mycorrhizas on the growth of pine (Pinus sylvestris) seedlings. Inoculation with ectomycorrhizas and endomycorrhizas increased the height, root length, and root collar diameter of the pine seedlings compared to the non-inoculated seedlings. Furthermore, the results of the study showed that the percentage survival rate is higher in mycorrhizal inoculated pine seedlings than control seedlings. These results demonstrated that inoculation could effectively form ectomycorrhizas with pine seedlings and promote its growth, which can be used to restore Mongolian forest. Нарсны тарьцын ургалтанд микоризын үзүүлэх нөлөө Эгэл нарс (Pinus sylvestris) нь Монгол орны хувьд эдийн засгийн чухал ач холбогдолтой мод бөгөөдойжуулалтанд өргөн ашигладаг. Бид энэхүү судалгаагаараа эгэл нарсны (Pinus sylvestris) тарьцныургалтанд микоризaхэрхэн нөлөөлж буйг судлав. Эктомикоризa (Pisolithus tinctorius, Lactarius laccata)болон эндомикоризийн (Glomus mosseae, Glomus spurcum хх) бэлдмэл ашиглан тарьсан тарьцын өндөр,үндэсний хүзүүвчийн диаметр болон үндэсний урт нь микоризын бэлдмэл ашиглаагүй тарьцуудтайхарьцуулахад илүү байв. Түүнчлэн микоризын бэлдмэл ашигласан тарьцуудын амьдралтын хувийнүзүүлэлт хяналтын тарьцуудаас өндөр байгааг уг судалгааны үр дүн харуулав. Дээрх үр дүнгээрмикоризын бэлдмэл нь нарсны суулгацын үндсэнд микориза болон хэлбэржиж, түүний өсөлтийгдэмжиж байгааг илрүүлсэн бөгөөд уг бэлдмэлийг ойг нөхөн сэргээхэд ашиглах боломжтой юм.Түлхүүр үг: Нарс, өндөр, үндэсний урт, диаметр

QUALITY APPRAISAL OF WHITE SPRUCE AND WHITE PINE SEEDLING STOCK IN NURSERIES

1960 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Dickson ◽  
Albert L. Leaf ◽  
John F. Hosner
Keyword(s):  
White Spruce ◽  
Seedling Quality ◽  
Root Weight ◽  
Quality Appraisal ◽  
White Pine ◽  
Root Collar Diameter ◽  
Integrated Index ◽  
Collar Diameter ◽  
Shoot Weight ◽  
Root Collar

Total seedling weight, shoot weight and root weight in grams on an oven dry basis, root collar diameter in millimeters, and height in centimeters were used to develop an integrated index of seedling quality.

Growth responses of field-grown loblolly pine to chronic doses of ozone during multiple growing seasons

1989 ◽  
Vol 19 (7) ◽  
pp. 821-831 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. R. Shafer ◽  
A. S. Heagle
Keyword(s):  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Dose Response ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Growth Suppression ◽  
Growth Responses ◽  
Root Collar Diameter ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Collar Diameter ◽  
Root Collar ◽  
Ambient Levels

Dose–response relationships were developed for ozone and four full-sib families of Pinustaeda L. Seedlings were planted in field plots in open-top chambers near Raleigh, North Carolina, and exposed daily during three growing seasons (1985, 1986, and 1987) to ozone at concentrations from 0.022 to 0.092 μL/L of air (seasonal mean concentrations for the daily exposure period 08:00 to 20:00 eastern standard time). Plants were harvested on five dates during the study to quantify effects of ozone on growth. Ozone suppressed stem height, root collar diameter, total branch length, and (or) dry weights of above-ground parts of plants in three families, but response to ozone depended upon dose, family, and the plant part measured. One family exposed during 1985 and 1986 did not exhibit significant growth responses to ozone. The family that exhibited the greatest growth suppression in 1985 and 1986 was exposed during the 3rd year, and ozone continued to reduce growth. Suppression of root dry weight was observed after three seasons of exposure. Root collar diameter and dry weight of stem + branches (without needles) may be the most useful measurements of growth response in multiple-year experiments. Dose–response models predicted that ambient levels of ozone could reduce growth relative to the growth predicted for chronic exposure to half-ambient levels (charcoal-filtered air). For aboveground woody tissue, this suppression ranged from 0 to 19% among the four families after two seasons of exposure and was 13% for the most sensitive family after three seasons.

scholarly journals Effect of Different Types of Mulching on Soil Properties and Tree Growth of Magnolia champaca Planted at the Montane Rainforest in Cameron Highlands, Pahang, Malaysia

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Wahidullah Rahmani ◽  
Mohd Nazre Salleh ◽  
Mohd Zaki Hamzah ◽  
Aminu Abdu ◽  
Mohamad Fakhri Ishak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Root Length ◽  
Soil Moisture Content ◽  
Root Diameter ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Main Root ◽  
Root Collar Diameter ◽  
Breast Height ◽  
Cameron Highlands ◽  
Collar Diameter ◽  
Root Collar

Tropical Montane Cloud Forest (TMCF) is among the most vulnerable habitats to fragmentation, deforestation, and global climate change. A successful restoration program requires a comprehensive understanding of variables influencing seedling efficiency. This study was conducted on Sg. Terla Forest Reserve Cameron Highlands, Pahang, Malaysia. In this study, we used a randomized complete block design (RCBD) and measured the Magnolia champaca height, root collar diameter, diameter at breast height, plant survival, root diameter, main root length, lateral root length, root coiling, root direction, and chlorophyll content. The soil samples were taken to study the effect of different mulching materials on soil characteristics. We also measured soil compaction, soil texture, soil colour, soil moisture content, soil organic carbon, total nitrogen, total sulphur, available phosphorus, and exchanged potassium. This study indicates that mulching had no significant effect on plant height, diameter breast height, root collar diameter, and chlorophyll content between treatments. Although mulching had a significant effect on root diameter, main root length, and root distributions among treatments while for lateral root length and root:shoot ratio did not show a significant effect among treatments. However, oil palm mulching treatment had a greater effect on plant height, root collar diameter, and diameter at breast height growth, among treatments. Mulching significantly affected soil pH, soil moisture content, total sulphur, and potassium exchange. In contrast, mulching did not significantly affect soil organic carbon, total soil nitrogen, and soil available phosphorus between treatments.

scholarly journals Effect of seedbed steaming on Cylindrocladium floridanum, soil microbes and the development of white pine seedlings

2005 ◽  
Vol 79 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.T. Dumas ◽  
S. Greifenhagen ◽  
G. Halicki-Hayden ◽  
T.R. Meyer
Keyword(s):  
Soil Microbes ◽  
Root Weight ◽  
White Pine ◽  
Root Collar Diameter ◽  
Fluorescent Pseudomonas ◽  
Pine Seedlings ◽  
Collar Diameter ◽  
Cylindrocladium Floridanum ◽  
Shoot Weight ◽  
Root Collar

The Egedal® bed steamer produced sufficient heat to kill mierosclerotia of Cylindrocladium floridanum at 5 and 10 cm soil depths in one bareroot forest seedling nursery. At a second nursery, the buried inoculum was killed only to a depth of 5 cm. Soil steaming did not affect the mierosclerotia at 15 cm. The steaming reduced populations of fluorescent pseudomonas to undetectable levels to a depth of 20 cm and populations of Trichoderma species were significantly reduced in the upper 10 cm of the seedbed. Density of white pine seedlings sown in the steamed beds was significantly higher (P= 0.05), and height, root collar diameter, shoot weight and root weight were significantly greater (P= 0.05) 4 months after steaming than that of control seedlings sown in unsteamed beds.

scholarly journals Growth and Nitrogen Retranslocation of Nutrient-Loaded Clonal Betula alnoides Transplanted with or without Fertilization

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 1603
Author(s):  
Lin Chen ◽  
Yue Ma ◽  
Hua Li ◽  
Ji Zeng ◽  
Bernard Dell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Root Length ◽  
Nutrient Loading ◽  
Nitrogen Concentration ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Root Collar Diameter ◽  
Collar Diameter ◽  
Betula Alnoides ◽  
Root Collar

Nutrient loading can improve the growth and nutrient content of nursery-grown Betula alnoides Buch.-Ham. ex D. Don, but it is unknown whether nutrient loading enhances growth and nutrient uptake after transplanting. Plants were grown with three nutrient loading treatments (N100, N200, and N400; 100, 200, and 400 mg N per plant as 15N-urea) in nursery containers and then transplanted into plastic pots, with or without controlled-release fertilizer (F0 and F10, 0 and 10 g per plant). The N400 plants had a smaller size but higher nitrogen concentration relative to the N100 and N200 plants before transplanting. However, 180 days after transplanting, the N200 and N400 plants had superior root collar diameter, root length, and root area compared to the N100 plants, due to an increase in 15N retranslocation to new stems and new leaves. Moreover, transplant fertilization (F10) enhanced the height, root collar diameter, root length, and plant dry mass, but not nitrogen concentration or retranslocation, relative to F0. We recommend that medium- and high-dose nutrient loading is implemented in B. alnoides nurseries to optimize growth after transplanting. Additional fertilizer at transplanting may be advantageous in supporting growth, owing to the rapid depletion of nutrient reserves after planting out in the field.

Responses of northern red oak seedlings to lime and deer exclosure fencing in Pennsylvania

2012 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 698-709 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert P. Long ◽  
Patrick H. Brose ◽  
Stephen B. Horsley
Keyword(s):  
Red Oak ◽  
Northern Red Oak ◽  
Growth Responses ◽  
Deer Browsing ◽  
Root Collar Diameter ◽  
Growth And Nutrition ◽  
Forest Liming ◽  
Collar Diameter ◽  
Wire Fence ◽  
Root Collar

In Pennsylvania, two hypotheses compete to explain the chronic oak ( Quercus spp.) regeneration problem: excessive deer browsing and soil cation depletion. We tested these hypotheses by evaluating the effect of forest liming and deer exclosure fencing on northern red oak ( Quercus rubra L.) seedling growth and nutrition in five oak shelterwood stands in Pennsylvania over 6 years. In each stand, four planting plots were located inside a 2.4 m high woven wire fence and another four were established outside the fence. About 225 northern red oak acorns were planted in each plot in spring 2004. Dolomitic limestone was applied to randomly selected plots at rates of 0, 4.5, 9.0, and 13.5 Mg·ha–1 during May 2004. There were no statistically significant (P ≤ 0.05) growth responses to lime applications. The only significant growth responses resulted from the fence versus no-fence treatment. A significant (P < 0.003) fence × year interaction for seedling height and root collar diameter indicates differential impacts of deer browsing. By 2009, seedlings inside fences averaged 32 cm tall, while seedlings outside the fences averaged 17 cm. Similarly, root collar diameter averaged 6.6 mm outside the fences and 9.1 mm inside fences.

Seedling validation of acid soil tolerance of lucerne populations selected in solution culture high in aluminium

2011 ◽  
Vol 62 (9) ◽  
pp. 803 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. C. Hayes ◽  
B. J. Scott ◽  
B. S. Dear ◽  
G. D. Li ◽  
G. C. Auricht
Keyword(s):  
Root Growth ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Acid Soil ◽  
Lateral Roots ◽  
Solution Culture ◽  
Root Surface Area ◽  
Root Weight ◽  
Total Root Length ◽  
Exchangeable Al ◽  
Tap Root

This study tested the hypothesis that lucerne (Medicago sativa L.) populations selected in solution culture high in aluminium (Al) would increase seedling root growth when grown in an acid soil high in exchangeable Al. Root growth of six elite populations (Aurora C2, UQL-1 C2, T02-011 C1, T02-011 C2, A513 C3 and Sardi 7 C2) selected in high-Al solution culture (SHASC) was compared with that of corresponding parent as well as the Georgia acid soil-tolerant populations in an acid soil in pots grown for 8 days under controlled environmental conditions. Lime was added to the soil to provide contrasts in the severity of stress imposed by low pH and high Al. Averaged across six SHASC populations, total root length increased 19% at pH 4.34 in CaCl2 (35% exchangeable Al) and 26% at pH 5.26 (<1% exchangeable Al) compared with the control populations. At all pH levels SHASC populations showed increased tap root length, total root length (includes lateral roots), root weight and root surface area, but decreased average root diameter compared with the six control populations. A large amount of variability was observed both between and within lucerne populations with three SHASC populations (Aurora C2, UQL-1 C2 and Sardi 7 C2) exhibiting increased root growth at lower pH levels, but little increase in root length at higher pH, consistent with increased tolerance to Al toxicity. This was in contrast to three other SHASC populations (T02-011 C1, T02-011 C2 and A513 C3), which exhibited increased root length at all pH levels, consistent with increased seedling vigour. The Sardi 7 C2 population exhibited the greatest increase in tap root growth with tap root length increasing by 40 and 30% at pH 4.34 and 4.48, respectively, compared with its parent population Sardi 7. This study provides evidence that seedlings of lucerne populations selected in high-Al solution culture can confer significantly improved root and shoot growth in acid soil. It is recommended that such screening be incorporated into lucerne breeding programs to reduce costs in space and time.

scholarly journals Variability of some morphological traits of one-year old red oak, black walnut, birch and wild pear seedlings in the nurseries of Jastrebac region

2002 ◽  
pp. 147-160
Author(s):  
Milun Krstic ◽  
Nevena Vojinovic
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Black Walnut ◽  
Red Oak ◽  
Root Collar Diameter ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Collar Diameter ◽  
One Year ◽  
Root Collar ◽  
Oak Seedlings

Five morphological and quantitative characteristics of one-year old seedlings of Red oak (Quercus rubra L), Black walnut (Juglans nigra L), Wild pear (Pyrus pygrowser Borkh) and Birch (Betula verrucosa Ehrh) were studied. The seedlings were produced and cultivated in the controlled conditions of the nursery in the region of Jastrebac, by the classical method. Aboveground seedling height, root collar diameter, root length, number of secondary roots and the leaf assimilation area were analysed. Intraspecific and interspecific variability of morphological features of the above species were assessed by the comparative analysis and statistical methods The comparative analysis shows the great individual variability of seedlings, which can indicate their genetic potential, adaptation to environment conditions, further spontaneous selection and the development in natural conditions. This justifies the need of the quality assessment and the first selection already in the nursery, in order to ensure the quality planting material and to reduce the risk of afforestation failure One-year old birch seedlings have the lowest average height (18.8 cm). Black walnut and Wild pear seedlings are approximately twice as high, and Red oak about 2.5 times higher. At the same time Red oak seedlings have for about one-fourth greater height than Black walnut, and for one-third greater height than Wild pear. Wild pear seedlings attain the averagely twice larger root collar diameter than Birch (2.8 cm), Red oak seedlings about 2.5 times larger diameter, and Black walnut 3.5 times larger diameter. Black walnut has a larger root collar diameter than Red oak for about one third, and almost twice larger than Wild pear. Birch, Red oak and Wild pear have almost twice longer root (1.8-1.9 times), Black walnut about 2.25 times longer. The total assimilation area of a Birch seedling is averagely 89.0 cm2. Compared to birch, wild pear has approximately double assimilation area per tree, Red oak 10 times larger, Black walnut even 14 times larger assimilation area The analysis of variance shows that the experiment is homogeneous in general, i.e. that variance within the group of the same species per all characteristics is not statistically significant at the level p>0.01. The statistically significant difference was found in the attained heights of one-year old seedlings of Red oak and Birch, as well as between them and other species, while there is no difference between Black walnut and Wild pear. All analysed species differ significantly in root collar diameter of one-year old seedlings. Black walnut and Birch differ significantly in root length, and also compared to other species. There are no statistically significant differences in root length between Red oak and Wild pear. All the analysed species differ statistically significantly per total assimilation area of one seedling .

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document