scholarly journals Impact of Mowing Height and Nitrogen Fertility on Crabgrass Cover in ‘RTF' Tall Fescue1

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 104-107
Author(s):  
Matthew Cutulle ◽  
Jeffrey Derr ◽  
David McCall ◽  
Adam Nichols ◽  
Brandon Horvath
Keyword(s):  
Tall Fescue ◽  
Festuca Arundinacea ◽  
Fertilization Rate ◽  
Aesthetic Value ◽  
Virginia Beach ◽  
Nitrogen Fertility ◽  
The Aesthetic ◽  
And Function ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Schedonorus Phoenix

Abstract Tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Shreb.) has exceptional utility as a low maintenance lawn in the transition zone. However, during the summer smooth crabgrass [Digitaria ischaemum (Schreb.) Schreb. ex Muhl.] infestations can reduce the aesthetic value and function of the turf and lead to a thinning of the tall fescue stand, noticeable after the crabgrass plants have senesced. Research was conducted to evaluate the impact of mowing height and nitrogen fertility on smooth crabgrass plant counts and tall fescue cover in Virginia Beach, VA. Plots were mowed at either 6 cm (2.5 in) or 10 cm (4 in) and received 49, 171, or 220 kg of nitrogen annually per hectare (44, 152, and 196 lb.A−1). Mowing at 10 cm with the highest level of fertility resulted in the most turfgrass cover among all the treatment combinations. Mowing at 10 cm as opposed to 6 cm resulted in less smooth crabgrass plants, regardless of nitrogen fertilization rate. Index words: fertilization, turfgrass, weed control. Species used in this study: Smooth crabgrass [Digitaria ischaemum (Schreb.) Schreb. ex Muhl.]; tall fescue [Festuca arundinacea Shreb. synonym Schedonorus phoenix (Scop.) Holub].

scholarly journals From Literature to Image—Aesthetic Features of Space Megastructure Cities in American Sci-Fi Movies

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 116-121
Author(s):  
Zhi Li ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Science Fiction ◽  
Digital Design ◽  
Aesthetic Value ◽  
Scene Design ◽  
Self Help ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Aesthetic ◽  
Space Colonization ◽  
Design Style ◽  
The Impact

The concept of Space megastructures is originated from science fiction novels. They symbolize the material landscape form of a comprehensive advancement of intelligent civilization after the continuous development of technology. Space megacity is actually an expansion process of human development in the future. It is not only a transformation of space colonization but also a mapping of self-help homeland. Therefore, it is a symbol of technological optimism and a future utopia in the context of technology. In contemporary times, sci-fi movies use digital technology to translate the giant imagination in literature into richer digital image landscapes. Space giant cities are one of the most typical digital images with spectacle view, which reflects the impact of American sci-fi movie scene design on the landscape and preference that human will be living in the future. The aesthetic preferences and design principles of the future picture, and the aesthetic value of science fiction as a medium of imagination are revealed. The aim of this article is to explore the digital design style of space megastructure with utopia sense in science fiction movies, and analyzes its aesthetic connotation.

scholarly journals Synthesis and Characterization of Functionalized Nanosilica for Zinc Ion Mitigation; Experimental and Computational Investigations

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (23) ◽  
pp. 5534
Author(s):  
Zarshad Ali ◽  
Rashid Ahmad ◽  
W. Aslam Farooq ◽  
Aslam Khan ◽  
Adnan Ali Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diffusion Mechanism ◽  
Zero Point ◽  
Zinc Ion ◽  
Aesthetic Value ◽  
First Order Kinetics ◽  
Bet Analysis ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Intra Particle Diffusion ◽  
The Aesthetic ◽  
The Impact

Zinc is an essential trace metal and its concentration above 4ppm reduces the aesthetic value of water. This study explores the possibility of using functionalized nanohybrids as Zn(II) ion scavengers from aqueous solution. Functionalized nanohybrids were synthesized by the attachment of thiosemicarbazide to silica. The material was characterized by TGA, SEM, FTIR, EDX, and BET analysis, which revealed ligand bonding to silica. The functionalized silica was employed as Zn(II) ion extractant in batch experiments and removed about 94.5% of the Zn(II) ions at pH 7, near zero point charge (6.5) in 30 min. Kinetics investigations revealed that zinc adsorption follows an intra particle diffusion mechanism and first-order kinetics (K = 0.1020 min−1). The data were fitted to Freundlich, Dubinin–Radushkevich, and Langmuir models and useful ion exchange parameters were determined. The impact of co-existing ions on Zn(II) ion sequestration was also studied and it was found that the adsorbent can be used for selective removal of zinc with various ions in the matrix. Quantum mechanical investigations revealed that the Zn(II) ion adsorption on ZnBS1 is more favorable, having higher binding energy (BE) (−178.1 kcal/mol) and ∆H (−169.8), and making tridentate complex with the N and S sites of the chelating ligand. The negative ∆G and BE values suggest highly spontaneous Zn(II) adsorption on the modified silica even at low temperatures.

scholarly journals Colorant Application Volume and Color Persistence on a ‘Chisholm’ Zoysiagrass Lawn

2016 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 314-319 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ross Braun ◽  
Jack Fry ◽  
Megan Kennelly ◽  
Dale Bremer ◽  
Jason Griffin
Keyword(s):  
Transition Zone ◽  
Tall Fescue ◽  
Festuca Arundinacea ◽  
Warm Season ◽  
Canopy Temperature ◽  
Cool Season ◽  
Green Color ◽  
Visual Rating ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Application Volume

Zoysiagrass (Zoysia sp.) is a warm-season turfgrass that requires less water and fewer cultural inputs than cool-season grasses, but its widespread use by homeowners in the transition zone may be limited because of its extended duration of brown color during dormancy. Turf colorants are an option for improving zoysiagrass winter color. Our objective was to quantify the impact of colorants applied in autumn at three application volumes on persistence of green color on lawn-height ‘Chisholm’ zoysiagrass (Zoysia japonica). The commercial colorants Green Lawnger, Endurant, and Wintergreen Plus were applied in Oct. 2013 in Manhattan, KS, and Haysville, KS, in solutions with water at 80, 160, or 240 gal/acre at a 1:6 dilution (colorant:water) and evaluated through late 2013 and Spring 2014. Tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea), a cool-season turfgrass commonly used in home lawns in the transition zone, was included for comparison. Persistence of green color increased with application volume, but differences among colorants were limited. Colorants provided acceptable color (i.e., a visual rating ≥6 on a 1 to 9 scale) for 55 to 69 days at 80 gal/acre, 69 to 118 days at 160 gal/acre, and 118 to 167 days at 240 gal/acre. Compared with tall fescue, colorant-treated zoysiagrass had significantly higher color ratings for 98 to 112 days at 80 gal/acre, 112 to 154 days at 160 gal/acre, and 138 to 154 days at 240 gal/acre. Colorants increased turfgrass canopy temperature by up to 12.1 °F, but did not accelerate spring green-up. Duration of acceptable color on ‘Chisholm’ zoysiagrass lawns can be enhanced by increasing colorant application volume.

scholarly journals Interaction of Management Factors on Dollar Spot Disease Severity in Tall Fescue Turf

HortScience ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 26 (11) ◽  
pp. 1391-1392 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.D. Brede
Keyword(s):  
Disease Severity ◽  
Tall Fescue ◽  
Festuca Arundinacea ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Fertilization Rate ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
Dollar Spot ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Management Factors ◽  
Cutting Height

A field study was conducted to evaluate the effect of tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) cultivar, seeding rate, N fertilization rate, and cutting height on the severity of dollar spot (Lanzia and Moellerodiscus spp.) disease incidence. All possible two-factor interactions among these four management factors were statistically significant when averaged over the 2 years of study. Disease severity tended to be lowest at low fescue seeding rate (2100 pure-live seeds/m*) at the lower (19 mm) height of cut. `Mustang', the turf-type cultivar with improved density, was more susceptible to dollar spot than `Kentucky-31', the common-type cultivar.

Seasonal natural history of aphidophagous Syrphidae (Diptera) attacking the balsam twig aphid in balsam fir (Pinaceae) Christmas tree plantations

2016 ◽  
Vol 148 (4) ◽  
pp. 466-475 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Berthiaume ◽  
Christian Hébert ◽  
Georges Pelletier ◽  
Conrad Cloutier
Keyword(s):  
Natural History ◽  
Larval Density ◽  
Abies Balsamea ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
Balsam Fir ◽  
Aesthetic Value ◽  
Christmas Trees ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Aesthetic ◽  
The Impact

AbstractThe balsam twig aphid, Mindarus abietinus Koch (Hemiptera: Aphididae), is one of the most important pests of balsam fir (Abies balsamea (Linnaeus) Miller; Pinaceae) grown as Christmas trees in eastern North America. Aphid feeding on the current-year shoots results in needle distortion and shoots stunting, which reduces the aesthetic value of balsam fir trees and can have substantial economic impact. Syrphidae (Diptera) fly predators attacking this aphid are poorly known. We identified four species attacking the balsam twig aphid. Syrphus torvus Osten Sacken (Diptera: Syrphidae) was the most abundant species followed by Eupeodes lapponicus (Zetterstedt) (Diptera: Syrphidae) and Eupeodes americanus (Wiedemann) (Diptera: Syrphidae). We described the seasonal natural history of the two most abundant syrphids feeding on this aphid and we studied their synchrony with their prey. Syrphid larval density on balsam fir shoots increased rapidly and closely followed density of the balsam twig aphid. We also reported heavy parasitism of syrphid pupae by two Hymenoptera on tree foliage but lower parasitism on pupae in the soil under trees. Several cases of multiple parasitism and hyperparasitism were observed in syrphid pupae under trees. Abundance of predaceous syrphid species was higher in untreated balsam fir plantations compared with treated plantations. More research is needed to understand the role and the impact of these predators on balsam twig aphid population dynamics.

scholarly journals The impact of tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea) endophyte (Neotyphodium spp) on non target soil microorganisms

2004 ◽  
Vol 57 ◽  
pp. 329-336 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Sayer ◽  
G. Burch ◽  
S.U. Sarathchandra
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Biomass ◽  
Functional Diversity ◽  
Tall Fescue ◽  
Festuca Arundinacea ◽  
Soil Microorganisms ◽  
Soil Microbial Biomass ◽  
Rhizosphere Soil ◽  
Microbial Biomass C ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
The Impact

The impact of two strains of the tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea) endophyte (Neotyphodium spp) (E) on the rhizoplane and rhizosphere soil microorganisms was examined at two sites (Lincoln endophytefree (E) and the endophyte strain AR501; and Aorangi E AR501 and a second strain AR542) Rhizosphere and rhizoplane populations of bacteria and fungi functional diversity root fungi and soil microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen were measured Most characteristics measured showed no differences between E and E samples indicating that the presence of endophytes had no impact on nontarget soil microorganisms At Aorangi soil microbial biomass C and N were significantly greater (Plt;005) in AR542 than E1 and AR501 soils Culturable fungal populations from both the rhizoplane and rhizosphere soil were significantly greater (Plt;005) in the E than the AR501 samples at Lincoln but not at Aorangi There were no differences in the functional diversity of rhizoplane microorganisms due to endophyte

scholarly journals Grazing preference for pasture species by sheep is affected by endophyte and nitrogen fertility

1993 ◽  
pp. 137-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.R. Edwards ◽  
R.J. Lucas ◽  
M.R. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Perennial Ryegrass ◽  
Tall Fescue ◽  
Festuca Arundinacea ◽  
Grass Species ◽  
Prairie Grass ◽  
Nitrogen Fertility ◽  
Grazing Response ◽  
Grazing Period ◽  
Urine Patch ◽  
Highly Correlated

The grazing response of ewe hoggets offered tall fescue, endophyte-infected (+E) or endophyte-free (-E) perennial ryegrass all sown with white clover into a fertile silt loam was examined in April 1990. In a second experiment 2 grazings were observed where 5 grasses had been overdrilled into old lucerne growing on stony infertile land. Pregnaht ewes (August) and ewes with young lambs (October) grazed 3 replicates of tall fescue, +E perennial ryegrass, cocksfoot, phalaris and prairie grass. After the August grazing nitrogen fertiliser was applied at 0 and 300 kg N/ha to 5 x 2 m subplots in each 30 x 9 m grass plot. April observations showed that on day one 76% of grazing time was on tall fescue. During the first 4 days of grazing grass leaf height decreased 60 mm in tall fescue, 43 mm in +E and 42 mm in -E ryegrass while in the last 5 days decreases were 5, 3 and 25 mm. Over the 9 days' grazing, pseudostem height declined 5.2, 1.5 and 5.0 mm, green grass cover from 62 to 30,65 to 44, and 68 to 33%, and herbage removal was 940, 1100 and 1300 kg DM/ ha from tall fescue, +E and -E ryegrasses. During the first 3 days of the August grazing, grass leaf heights of cocksfoot and +E ryegrass declined at a much slower rate than in the other 3 species. The October grazing showed a similar defoliation pattern on plots without N. Addition of 300 kg N/ ha resulted in very rapid defoliation of all 5 species during the first day of the 7-day grazing period. April grazing showed that initially sheep preferred tall fescue. Even though grazing time was similar for +E and -E ryegrasses the hoggets consumed less +E than -E ryegrass, possibly owing to reluctance to penetrate the +E pseudostem horizon. The August and October grazings demonstrated the ability of sheep to discriminate between grass species and strong rejection of cocksfoot and +E ryegrass. However, N at a rate similar to a urine patch produced leaf in all species which was equally attractive to sheep. The reduced intake of +E ryegrass measured in the April grazing may explain some of the lower animal performance of sheep on +E ryegrass pastures. Equally, grazing preference shown by rate of canopy height decline in any pasture is probably highly correlated with pasture intake and animal productivity. Keywords: Acremonium lolii, Bromus willdenowii, Dactylis glomerata, Festuca arundinacea, Lolium perenne, nitrogen-fertilised pasture, Phalaris aquatica, sheep grazing preference

scholarly journals NILAI EKONOMI SERAPAN CO2 EKOSISTEM MANGROVE DI DESA KELAPA PATI KABUPATEN BENGKALIS

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 87
Author(s):  
Wardatul Hidayah ◽  
Rasoel Hamidy ◽  
Trisla Warningsih
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Social Impact ◽  
Economic Aspect ◽  
Mosquito Larvae ◽  
Aesthetic Value ◽  
Mutual Cooperation ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Aesthetic ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Used Goods

Research has been conducted in Kepenghuluan Melayu Besar Subdistrict Tanah Putih Tanjung Melawan in January to February 2018. The aim of this research was to analyze the indicator of the presence of Aedes aegypti mosquito larvae on 3M Plus movement in Kepenghuluan Melayu Besar Subdistrict Tanah Putih Tanjung Melawan and analyze the effect of 3M Plus movements and impacts socio-economic on the existence of Aedes aegypti mosquito larvae in Kepenghuluan Melayu Besar Subdistrict Tanah Putih Tanjung Melawan. The results showed that 3M Plus movement affected to decrease larva population in an area. The impact of the 3M Plus movement was viewed from an economic aspect, namely the costs incurred was cheaper than before the 3M Plus movement. The social impact gained from 3M's movement Plus the empathy and feeling of mutual cooperation in the community, the use of recycled goods increases the aesthetic value because the use of used goods to be used as crafts, feeling safe and comfortable and not panicking when there is an attack of DHF and the emergence of clean living behavior and healthy in the community.

scholarly journals Identity, curated branding, and the star cosplayer's pursuit of Instagram fame

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fiona Katie Haborak
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Popular Culture ◽  
Social Identity ◽  
Aesthetic Value ◽  
Creative Project ◽  
The Aesthetic ◽  
And Function ◽  
Digital Landscape

In response to the digital landscape, the nature of cosplay, in which the cosplayer constructs an identity complementary to the character via costuming, has changed from a performative expression of fandom appreciation to a desire to achieve viral fame. As a signifier of popular culture, such so-called star cosplayers commodify their bodies to market a social identity through the curatorial process of displaying work on Instagram. A creative project, ".//wired: TRENDING," promotes the aesthetic value and function of cosplay while utilizing social media to create an identity brand for endorsement.

Shade performance of a range of turfgrass species improved by trinexapac-ethyl

2004 ◽  
Vol 44 (9) ◽  
pp. 939 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. S. Tegg ◽  
P. A. Lane
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Perennial Ryegrass ◽  
Tall Fescue ◽  
Festuca Arundinacea ◽  
Poa Pratensis ◽  
Warm Season ◽  
Creeping Bentgrass ◽  
Kentucky Bluegrass ◽  
Ambient Conditions ◽  
The Impact

The increased use of enclosed sports stadiums produces shade conditions that seriously affect the quality of turfgrass surfaces, by encouraging undesirable excess vertical succulent growth. Plant growth regulators offer an opportunity to modify a plant’s growth habit, to enable it to be better adapted to a shady environment. To examine growth response to the plant growth regulator, trinexapac-ethyl, cool-season temperate turfgrasses (Kentucky bluegrass–perennial ryegrass, Poa pratensis L./Lolium perenne L.; creeping bentgrass, Agrostis palustris Huds.; supina bluegrass, Poa supina Schrad.; and tall fescue, Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) and a warm-season species (Bermudagrass, Cynodon dactylon L.) were established in a field experiment. Main treatments were 4 levels of shade (0, 26, 56 or 65% shade), with or without trinexapac-ethyl at a rate of 0.5 kg/ha. A pot experiment measured the vertical shoot growth rates of Kentucky bluegrass–perennial ryegrass and tall fescue under 0, 56 or 65% shade, with and without trinexapac-ethyl. Both experiments were conducted under ambient conditions. Light readings taken in full sunlight, at midday through summer and autumn (major period of assessment), ranged from 1350 to 1950 μmol/m2.s. Trinexapac-ethyl reduced vertical growth of all turfgrass species. This resulted in decreased clipping weights and in clipping material having an increased dry matter percentage (i.e. reduced succulence). The impact of trinexapac-ethyl on sward quality and colour was dependent on shade level, for all species. At 56 and 65% shade, quality and colour improvement was maximised with trinexapac-ethyl application; the magnitude of improvement was dependent on species, with Kentucky bluegrass–perennial ryegrass and bentgrass showing the most benefit. It was concluded that trinexapac-ethyl improved the shade performance of a number of turfgrass species commonly used in high quality turf surfaces. It may offer the potential to reduce costs of managing turf in such an environment.

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