scholarly journals Effect of Pruning on the Growth Inhibiting Activity of Sumagic (Uniconazole)

1990 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 199-204
Author(s):  
Jeffrey G. Norcini ◽  
Gary W. Knox
Keyword(s):  
Growth Inhibition ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Foliar Spray ◽  
Plant Size ◽  
Inhibiting Activity ◽  
Final Size ◽  
Ligustrum Lucidum ◽  
Landscape Plants ◽  
Growth Inhibiting

Abstract Pruning date was investigated as a possible factor influencing the inhibitory activity of Sumagic (uniconazole) on growth of 6 container grown woody landscape plants. Plants were pruned 1 or 10 days before uniconazole was applied as a foliar spray or medium drench on June 22, 1988. Plant height and width were recorded weekly through November 30, 1988. Pruning date influenced the pattern of growth and/or the final size of plants treated with foliar-applied uniconazole. It also influenced uniconazole's inhibitory activity the first 2 to 3 weeks after application. Uniconazole was most effective on Pyracantha and Ligustrum lucidum the first 2 to 3 weeks after treatment if applied 1 day after pruning. Drench applications resulted in greater growth inhibition than foliar sprays; however, drench treatments caused unacceptable reduction in plant size.

scholarly journals Effects of Rate and Repeat Application of Flurprimidol on the Growth of Photinia × fraseri and Ilex crenata ‘Compacta’

1988 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 114-118
Author(s):  
Adolph J. Laiche
Keyword(s):  
Growth Medium ◽  
Shoot Growth ◽  
Foliar Spray ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Plant Size ◽  
Foliar Sprays ◽  
Landscape Plants ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Leaf Distortion ◽  
Test Plants

Flurprimidol, α-(1-Methylethyl)-α-[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]-5-pyrimidine-methanol, was applied to three month plants of Photinia × fraseri in 5.6 L (6 qt) containers and Ilex crenata ‘Compacta’ in 2.8 L (3 qt) containers as foliar sprays at 0, 33, 66, 132, 264, 528, 1056, 2112, 4224, and 8448 ppnl. Growth-medium drench applications with flurprimidol were applied at 0, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64, 128, 256, and 512 ppm solution, 0.5 L (17 oz) per 5.6 L (6 qt) container to Photinia. The initial foliar spray treatments and the growth medium drench treatments were applied on July 14, 1983. All test plants were planted in soil on December 9, 1983. Foliar spray treatments were repeated on July 19, 1985. Flurprimidol at low concentrations as a spray and drench substantially reduced plant size with little or no phytotoxicity. Duration of growth suppression increased as rate increased. Flurprimidol at low rates reduced growth for the remainder of the growing season in which it was applied. At higher rates growth was also reduced in the following growing season. Minor leaf distortion of smaller leaves was obtained at low rates and leaf distortion appeared to increase slightly at higher rates. Shoot growth after the effects of flurprimidol were no longer apparent appeared normal. Results indicate that flurprimidol alone and in conjunction with pruning can be helpful in maintaining woody landscape plants to a desirable size.

scholarly journals Growth Response of 13 Container-Grown Landscape Plants to Uniconazole

1990 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 151-153
Author(s):  
Stuart L. Warren
Keyword(s):  
Growth Response ◽  
Shoot Growth ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Foliar Spray ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Experimental Plant ◽  
Growth Reduction ◽  
Ligustrum Lucidum ◽  
Shoot Dry Weight ◽  
Landscape Plants

Abstract Uniconazole, an experimental plant growth regulator, was applied as a foliar spray and a medium drench to 13 and 7 species, resp. Shoot dry weight was determined at 60, 90, and 120 days after treatment. Sixty days after treatment, shoot dry weight of no species was affected by uniconazole. At 90 and 120 days, shoot dry weight of all species, except golden privet (Ligustrum × vicaryi), Russian-olive (Elaeagnus angustifolia), and waxleaf privet (Ligustrum lucidum), decreased with increasing rates of uniconazole, regardless of method of application. Degree of growth reduction varied by species, rate, and method of application. For most species, uniconazole was effective in suppressing growth for 120 days. Generally greater reduction of shoot growth resulted from drench application compared to foliar application.

scholarly journals A new, reliable, and high-throughput strategy to screen bacteria for antagonistic activity against Staphylococcus aureus

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Soyoun Park ◽  
Adam Classen ◽  
Hanny Maeva Gohou ◽  
Roberto Maldonado ◽  
Emily Kretschmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Growth Inhibition ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Bovine Milk ◽  
Quorum Quenching ◽  
Culture Conditions ◽  
Antagonistic Activity ◽  
Inhibiting Activity ◽  
Reporter Protein ◽  
Growth Inhibiting

Abstract Background Antibiotic-resistant Staphylococcus aureus clones have emerged globally over the last few decades. Probiotics have been actively studied as an alternative to antibiotics to prevent and treat S. aureus infections, but identifying new probiotic bacteria, that have antagonistic activity against S. aureus, is difficult since traditional screening strategies are time-consuming and expensive. Here, we describe a new plasmid-based method which uses highly stable plasmids to screen bacteria with antagonistic activity against S. aureus. Results We have created two recombinant plasmids (pQS1 and pQS3) which carry either gfpbk or mCherry under the control of a S. aureus quorum-sensing (QS) promoter (agrP3). Using this recombinant plasmid pair, we tested 81 bacteria isolated from Holstein dairy milk to identify bacteria that had growth-inhibiting activity against S. aureus and suggest potential explanations for the growth inhibition. The stability test illustrated that pQS1 and pQS3 remained highly stable for at least 24 h in batch culture conditions without selection pressure from antibiotics. This allowed co-culturing of S. aureus with other bacteria. Using the newly developed pQS plasmids, we found commensal bacteria, isolated from raw bovine milk, which had growth-inhibiting activity (n = 13) and quorum-quenching (QQ) activity (n = 13) towards both S. aureus Sa25 (CC97) and Sa27 (CC151). The pQS-based method is efficient and effective for simultaneously screening growth-inhibiting and QQ bacteria against S. aureus on agar media. Conclusions It was shown that growth-inhibiting and QQ activity toward pQS plasmid transformants of S. aureus can be simultaneously monitored by observing the zone of growth inhibition and reporter protein inhibition on agar plates. Newly identified antagonistic bacteria and their functional biomolecules are promising candidates for future development of probiotic drugs and prophylactics/therapeutics for bacterial infections including S. aureus. Furthermore, this new approach can be a useful method to find bacteria that can be used to prevent and treat S. aureus infections in both humans and animals.

scholarly journals Natural Product Rottlerin Derivatives Targeting Quorum Sensing

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (12) ◽  
pp. 3745
Author(s):  
Dittu Suresh ◽  
Shekh Sabir ◽  
Tsz Tin Yu ◽  
Daniel Wenholz ◽  
Theerthankar Das ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Quorum Sensing ◽  
Growth Inhibition ◽  
Natural Product ◽  
Bacterial Growth ◽  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Chalcone Derivatives ◽  
Synthetic Strategy ◽  
The Mannich Reaction ◽  
Bacterial Growth Inhibition

Rottlerin is a natural product consisting of chalcone and flavonoid scaffolds, both of which have previously shown quorum sensing (QS) inhibition in various bacteria. Therefore, the unique rottlerin scaffold highlights great potential in inhibiting the QS system of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Rottlerin analogues were synthesised by modifications at its chalcone- and methylene-bridged acetophenone moieties. The synthesis of analogues was achieved using an established five-step synthetic strategy for chalcone derivatives and utilising the Mannich reaction at C6 of the chromene to construct morpholine analogues. Several pyranochromene chalcone derivatives were also generated using aldol conditions. All the synthetic rottlerin derivatives were screened for QS inhibition and growth inhibition against the related LasR QS system. The pyranochromene chalcone structures displayed high QS inhibitory activity with the most potent compounds, 8b and 8d, achieving QS inhibition of 49.4% and 40.6% and no effect on bacterial growth inhibition at 31 µM, respectively. Both compounds also displayed moderate biofilm inhibitory activity and reduced the production of pyocyanin.

Growth-Inhibiting Properties of Xylem Exudate From Vitis vinifera

1995 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
JA Campbell ◽  
BR Loveys ◽  
VWK Lee ◽  
S Strother
Keyword(s):  
Vitis Vinifera ◽  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Lemna Minor ◽  
Growth Inhibitor ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Vitis Vinifera L ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Inhibitor Activity ◽  
Xylem Exudate ◽  
Growth Inhibiting

An inhibitory effect on the growth of Lemna minor L. cultures has been demonstrated in xylem exudate from Vitis vinifera L. var. Waltham Cross bled from canes cut near the time of budburst. Most inhibitory activity was detected up to the time of maximal daily exudation, which corresponded closely with budburst. After this time the inhibitory activity rapidly disappeared. A similar pattern occurred in each of the 3 years of the study, 1988-1990. Using ultrafiltration, it was shown that most of the growth inhibitor activity of the crude exudate was located in the 0.5-10 kDa fraction. This fraction exhibited a seasonal variation in its bioactivity similar to that ofthe crude exudate samples. The 0.5-10 kDa fraction was found to contain abscisic acid but not in a sufficient quantity to account for the inhibitory effects. When chromatographically separated fractions corresponding to oligosaccharides were pooled, biological activity equivalent to that of the crude exudate was retained, which provides evidence that the inhibitor is possibly an oligosaccharide.

Plant height and height of the main ear in maize (Zea mays L.) at different locations and different plant densities

2002 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Gyenes-Hegyi ◽  
I. Pók ◽  
L. Kizmus ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Close Correlation ◽  
Plant Size ◽  
Considerable Effect ◽  
Maximum Height ◽  
The Best Approximation ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Plant Densities ◽  
Ear Height

The plant height and the height of the main ear were studied over two years in twelve single cross maize hybrids sown at three different plant densities (45, 65 and 85 thousand plants/ha) at five locations in Hungary (Keszthely, Gönc, Gyöngyös, Sopronhorpács, Martonvásár). The results revealed that plant height and the height of the main ear are important variety traits and are in close correlation with each other. It was found that the hybrids grew the tallest when the genetic distance between the parental components was greatest (Mv 4, Mv 5). The height of the main ear was also the greatest in these hybrids, and the degree of heterosis was highest (193% for plant height, 194% for the height of the main ear). The shortest hybrids were those developed between related lines (Mv 7, Mv 11). In this case the heterosis effect was the lowest for both plant height (128%) and the height of the main ear (144%). The ratio of the height of the main ear to the plant height was stable, showing little variation between the hybrids (37–44%). As maize is of tropical origin it grows best in a humid, warm, sunny climate. Among the locations tested, the Keszthely site gave the best approximation to these conditions, and it was here that the maize grew tallest. The dry, warm weather in Gyöngyös stunted the development of the plants, which were the shortest at this location. Plant density had an influence on the plant size. The plants were shortest when sown at a plant density of 45,000 plants/ha, and the main ears were situated the lowest in this case. At all the locations the plant and main ear height rose when the plant density was increased to 65,000 plants/ha. At two sites (Gönc and Sopronhorpács) the plants attained their maximum height at the greatest plant density (85,000 plants/ha). In Keszthely there was no significant difference between these two characters at plant densities of 65 and 85 thousand plants/ha, while in Gyöngyös and Martonvásár the greatest plant density led to a decrease in the plant and main ear height. The year had a considerable effect on the characters tested.

Inhibition of Estradiol-17ß-Induced Uterine Growth by Δ1, 9α Fluoro-17 Hydroxycorticosterone

1956 ◽  
Vol 186 (3) ◽  
pp. 468-470 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph T. Velardo
Keyword(s):  
Double Bond ◽  
Ovariectomized Rat ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Inhibiting Activity ◽  
Uterine Weight ◽  
Uterine Growth ◽  
Growth Inhibiting

Adult, albino rats of the Charles River strain, 100 days of age, weighing 190–210 gm, were bilaterally ovariectomized, and 1 week later were placed on experiments to ascertain the influence of Δ1, 9α fluoro-17-hydroxycorticosterone (ΔFF) on estradiol-17ß-induced uterine growth. The results indicate that ΔFF when administered in a daily dosage up to 0.20 mg for 3 days did not modify the weight of the uterus of the ovariectomized rat, whereas 3 daily dosages of 0.10 µg estradiol-17ß effected an increase of approximately 85% in uterine weight. When 0.05–0.20 mg ΔFF was injected daily, but at different sites, with 0.10 µg estradiol-17ß for the 3-day period, the response of the uterus to estradiol-17ß was markedly reduced from the estradiol-17ß-induced increase of 85% to 52% on the lowest dosage of ΔFF down to 24% on the highest dose (0.20 mg) of ΔFF. These experiments further indicate that the inhibition of estradiol-17ß-induced uterine growth could be partially reversed by increasing the dosage of estradiol-17ß. Comparatively, data at hand suggest that ΔFF > 9αFlF > compound F > compound E > Δ1E and Δ1F in inhibiting 0.10 µg estradiol-17ß on the uterus and the vagina of the ovariectomized rat. Moreover, the incorporation of an additional double bond in ring A (Δ1) and flourine atom in the 9α position of compound F enhances the uterine growth inhibiting activity of compound F. Of the numerous glucocorticoids and mineralocorticoids tested for ability to inhibit estradiol-17ß, ΔFF is by far the most efficacious.

scholarly journals Nano Zinc-Oxide Enhanced Photosynthetic Apparatus and Photosystem Efficiency of Maize (Zea Mays L.) in Sandy-Acidic Soils

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wiqar Ahmad ◽  
Jaya Nepal ◽  
Xiaoping Xin ◽  
Zhenli He
Keyword(s):  
Zinc Oxide ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Photosynthetic Apparatus ◽  
Foliar Spray ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Photochemical Quenching ◽  
Nano Zno ◽  
Chlorophyll Pigments ◽  
Spad Value ◽  
Application Methods

Abstract Conventional Zinc (Zn) fertilization (e.g., zinc sulfate) often leads to poor availability in soils. Zinc oxide nanoparticles (nano ZnO) can be a potential solution, but their effect on crop photosynthetic activity isn’t well documented. The effects of nano ZnO (50, 100, 150, 200 mg L-1) and application methods (seed-coating, soil-drench, and foliar-spray) in comparison with ZnSO4 recommended dose were evaluated for plant height, biomass, chlorophyll pigments and photosystem efficiency in a greenhouse pot experiment. 100 mg L-1 of nano ZnO significantly increased the chlorophyll (Chl.) a, b, a+b, carotenoids (x+c), a+b/x+c, SPAD, leaf Chl., total chlorophyll content plant-1, plant height and total biological yield (by 18-30%, 33-67%, 22-38%, 14-21%, 14-27%, 12-19%, 12-23% 58-99%, 6-11% and 16-20%, respectively) and reduced Chl. a/b (by 6-22%) over the other treatments (p<0.01) irrespective of application methods. Nano ZnO applied at 100 mg L-1 significantly increased photochemical quenching (qP) and efficiency of photosystem II (EPSII) compared to 150 and 200 mg L-1 regardless of application methods. The positive correlations between Chl. a and Chl. b (r2 0.90), Chl. a+b and x+c (r2=0.71), SPAD and Chl. a (r2=0.90), SPAD and Chl. b (r2=0.94) and SPAD and Chl. a+b (r2=0.93) indicates a uniform enhancement in chlorophyll pigments; SPAD value, qP, EPSII, and growth and yield parameters. This elucidates that the application of nano ZnO at 100 mg L-1 promotes corn biochemical health and photosynthesis, irrespective of the application method. These findings have a great propounding for improving plant growth through nano ZnO bio-fortification in acidic Spodosols.

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