scholarly journals ASSESSMENT OF SEASONAL PHYSICO-CHEMICAL PARAMETERS OF OGUTA LAKE, NIGERIA.

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 3759-3764
Author(s):  
Ukiwe L.N ◽  
C.I.A Nwoko ◽  
U.U. Egereonu ◽  
S.N. Ukachukwu
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Analytical Methods ◽  
Rainy Season ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Anthropogenic Inputs ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Dry Seasons

Seasonal variation of physico-chemical variables of Oguta Lake, Nigeria was studied. Results obtained using standard analytical methods indicated that in the rainy and dry seasons (July and August) and (October and November), 2014, iron (Fe; 1.401 mg/l in November) was the overall metal observed in the lake, while mercury (Hg) was not detected throughout the period of study. Heavy metals concentrations observed were higher (not significantly) during the dry than the rainy season. The values observed for dissolved oxygen (DO), biological and chemical oxygen demand (BOD and COD) were within WHO permissible limits. The above evidence revealed that there was signs of heavy metal (Fe) pollution of the lake, and steps must be taking for constant monitoring of anthropogenic inputs into the lake. 

scholarly journals Effect of Distillery Effluent on Some Agricultural Crops, A Case of Environmental Injustice to Local Farmers in Khajura VDC, Banke

1970 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 68-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rita Ale ◽  
PK Jha ◽  
N Belbase
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Environmental Justice ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Polluted Water ◽  
Agricultural Crops ◽  
Distillery Effluent ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Environmental Injustice ◽  
Physico Chemical

Effluent discharged from the Karnali distillery Pvt. Ltd was analyzed to measure its effect on agricultural crops and environmental justice to the concerned people. Physico-chemical parameters like pH, temperature, Dissolved Oxygen (DO), Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Total Suspended Particles (TSS), Nitrogen (N), Phosphorus (P), Potassium (K) and some heavy metals such as Iron (Fe), Manganese (Mn), Cadmium (Cd), Lead (Pb), Zinc (Zn), and Copper (Cu) were analyzed and found most of the physico-chemical parameters were above the toxic level set by Nepal Bureau Standard. The analysis of physico-chemical parameters of the soil irrigated with effluent polluted water revealed appreciable increase in the soil nutrients (Organic Matter, N, P, K) along with the increase of toxic heavy metals such as Fe, Cd, Mn and Pb in the soil which has decreased annual crop productivity by around 40 percent. Similarly the effect of the effluent on seed germination, seedling growth, fresh weight and dry weight of seedlings of two test crops (Oryza sativa and Triticum aestivum) were also analyzed and found the effect varied in different concentration of treatment. Higher concentrations (10%, 25%) were found completely inhibitory where as lower concentrations (1%, 5%) were found stimulatory and reached up to the level of control. The present study showed that the distillery effluent was highly loaded with organic pollutants along with harmful heavy metals which showed significant effect on soil quality and the crop productivity which caused environmental injustice to the local people in terms of loss of crop productivity and environmental hazards. Key words: Heavy metals; Effluent; Pollution; Soil chemistry; Environmental justice. DOI: 10.3126/sw.v6i6.2637 Scientific World, Vol. 6, No. 6, July 2008 68-75

scholarly journals Heavy metals in shell fishes of Ojo River, Lagos State, Nigeria

Agro-Science ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 99-103
Author(s):  
R.Y. Oladunjoye ◽  
O.O. Fafioye ◽  
S.T. Bankole ◽  
A.H. Adedeji ◽  
A.S. Edoh
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Continuous Monitoring ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Heavy Metal Accumulation ◽  
Crab Species ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Lagos State ◽  
Different Levels

The research examined the accumulations of six heavy metals including chromium (Cr), lead (Pb), iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), cadmium (Cd), and copper (Cu) in water as well as in three male and female species of crab (Cardisoma armatum, Callinectes danae, Callinectes ornatus) sampled from Ojo River in Lagos State of Nigeria. Physico-chemical parameters of the water samples from the River and heavy metal concentrations in the crab species obtained also from the River were examined using standard methods. The results showed that total dissolved solute (TDS), electrical conductivity (EC), salinity, dissolved oxygen, biological oxygen demand and chemical oxygen demand varied significantly along the River course, with TDS and EC being relatively high. Heavy metals detected in the crabs were Fe, Cu and Zn, with Cu being the highest in the species examined. The species C. ornatus presented the highest content of Cu followed by C. armatum and C. danae. The content of heavy metals (mg kg–1) among the crab species showed that Cu (23.47±0.10) > Zn (19.06±0.01) > Fe (16.85±0.01) in all the species except in C. armatum where Fe (1.26±0.44) was > Zn (1.19±0.02). Furthermore, Pb, Cd and Cr were not found in the crabs and this could be associated with the fact that the area consists mainly of residential houses, farms and a few industries. Notably, the content of the heavy metals was larger in the female than the male crabs. This study reported different levels of heavy metal accumulation in male and female species of crabs. Also, the shell fishes from Ojo River might be considered safe for consumption, but the need for continuous monitoring to prevent bioaccumulation is recommended.

scholarly journals Water Quality Assessment Using Physico-Chemical Parameters and Heavy Metals of Gobind Sagar Lake, Himachal Pradesh (India)

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 967-974 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vandana Sharma ◽  
Yogesh Walia
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Water Quality Assessment ◽  
Himachal Pradesh ◽  
Total Alkalinity ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Dissolved Carbon ◽  
Physico Chemical

Today the environment has become harmful for the health of living organisms due to excessive pollution and contamination of natural resources. The present investigation has been carried out with the objective to assess the water quality of the Gobind Sagar Lake, Bilaspur, Himachal Pradesh (India) using physico-chemical parameters with heavy metals of the lake. For this study, three sampling sites were identified and samples from different sites were collected in summer season and important parameters [Water Temperature, pH, Total Hardness, Dissolved Carbon Dioxide (CO2), Dissolved Oxygen (DO), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD), Chloride, Total Alkalinity, Total Dissolved Solid (TDS)] with heavy metals [ Lead (P), Copper (Co), Iron (Fe), Cadmium (Cd), Nickel (Ni) and Manganese (Mn), Chromium (Cr) were analyzed. The results revealed that the different conditions of Gobind Sagar Lake in different sampling stations showed fluctuations in some physico-chemical parameters and also in heavy metals. These result depicted that water of lake was polluted in the form of nutrient enrichment which is due to agricultural activities and its runoff in and around catchment area of the lake. There are other many ways that things can end up in the lake as the free style way of disposal of industrial and domestic effluents etc. Results of studies on heavy metals in pollution are well documented revealing the toxic effects of these metals on aquatic organisms.

scholarly journals Assessment on the level of contamination of Turag river at Tongi area in Dhaka

2016 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 193-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
KS Ahmed ◽  
AKML Rahman ◽  
M Sarkar ◽  
JB Islam ◽  
IA Jahan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Standard Level ◽  
Safe Limits ◽  
Total Dissolved Solid

Assessment on the level of pollution of Turag river water was performed by measuring various physico-chemical parameters. Water samples were collected five times in a year both dry and rainy season at five different locations: Bishwa Ijtema field, Tongi Bridge, Kachare ghate, River side of Dhaka Dying and Effluent of Dhaka Dying. Most of the measured parameters exceeded the permissible limit of standard level. Values for different parameters at different points were recorded such as Temperature (T): 23.9 to 31.2°C, pH: 7.2 to 10.1, Salinity: 64 to 933 ppm, Total dissolved solid (TDS): 90 to 1244 ppm, Electrical Conductivity (EC): 135 to 1856 µs/cm, Dissolve oxygen (DO): 0.5 to 3.6 mg/L and Chemical oxygen demand (COD): 220 to 1170 mg/L. The concentration (ppm) of heavy metals were also observed such as Chromium (Cr) 0.0339 to 0.6334, Cadmium (Cd) 0.0068 to 0.0170, Nickel (Ni) 0.1282 to 0.6207, Cooper (Cu) 0.0148 to 0.1703 and Zink (Zn) 0.0366 to 0.1890 at dry season. The values of different parameters determined are above the safe limits recommended by DoE, EQS and WHO. Therefore, it can be concluded that water relieved from selected locations were not suitable for human consumption during the period of experiments.Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 51(3), 193-202, 2016

scholarly journals Assessment of surface water physico-chemical parameters of Yardantsi Reservoir, Gusau Nigeria

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 183-188
Author(s):  
A.M. Jabbi ◽  
Z.R. Sani ◽  
A.T. Rabiu ◽  
M.L. Balarabe ◽  
A.K. Adamu
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Biochemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
World Health ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Significant Seasonal Variation

The Yardantsi Reservoir, Gusau Nigeria serves multitude of purposes for the Gusau populace. It is the main source of water for domestic purpose, irrigation, and fishing. The reservoir receives both organic and inorganic waste through runoffs and seepage from the catchment areas. The physico- chemical parameters of the surface water were investigated monthly from May, 2015 to April, 2017. Samples were collected from five sampling stations and analyzed using standard procedures for examination of water and waste water. The data obtained was subjected to multivariate analysis using Microsoft office excels and SPSS. The results showed the following mean seasonal variation of surface water temperature (26.62±0.34– 30.12±0.17ᴼC),transparency (48.82±1.08- 22.07±0.87cm), mean depth (2.12±0.05-2.65±0.04m), pH (7.61±0.15-7.96±0.13), electrical conductivity (186.32±3.84- 108.05±5.43µS/cm), total dissolved solids (96.00±1.95- 63.70±3.68mg/L), dissolved oxygen (7.80±0.11-6.91±0.10mg/L), biochemical oxygen demand (2.71±0.09-2.48±0.05mg/L), alkalinity (40.57±0.69–27.87±0.51mg/L), hardness (59.20±1.01– 32.18±0.94mg/L), NO3-N (2.28±0.08-4.44±0.07mg/L), PO4-P (123.72±1.44-173.48 ± 2.78 mg/L), sulphate (31.62±1.45-71.80±1.82mg/L)  and chloride (74.08±1.67- 37.64±0.96mg/L) for dry and rainy seasons respectively. The results revealed that a highly significant seasonal variation (p<0.01) was exhibited in all parameters with the exception of pH which shows no significant seasonal variation (p>0.05) and biochemical oxygen demand, which shows a significant seasonal variation (p<0.05). The results of this survey showed that the parameters observed indicated that most of them fall within the recommended range set by World Health Organization (WHO) and Nigerian Standard for Drinking Water Quality (NSDWQ).Keywords: Dissolved oxygen, electrical conductivity, pH, reservoir, temperature

scholarly journals Assessment of physico-chemical parameters of River Kaduna and College of Agriculture and Animal Science Dam, (CAAS) Kaduna, Nigeria

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 691-699
Author(s):  
R.O. Ojutiku ◽  
S Habibu ◽  
R.J. Kolo ◽  
J.O. Oyero
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Physicochemical Parameters ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Fish Farming ◽  
Atmospheric Temperature ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
College Of Agriculture ◽  
Animal Science ◽  
Physico Chemical

River Kaduna is one of the major sources of water to the inhabitants of the communities around the river and also to fish farmers while College of Agriculture and Animal Science Dam (CAAS) is used for fish farming and also for domestic purpose. The study was carried out to assess Physicochemical Parameters of River Kaduna and College of Agriculture and Animal Science Dam, Kaduna. The result of seasonal variation of physicochemical parameters between River Kaduna and College of Agriculture and Animal Science Dam, revealed that the atmospheric temperature (AT) ranged from 32.8 to 33.60C, pH at 7.1, conductivity ranged from 83.7 to 139.7µs/cm, dissolved oxygen ranged from 9.2 to 9.4 mg/l, biological oxygen demand ranged from 5.2 to 5.9 mg/l, water temperature (WT) at 29.20C, total hardness ranged from 37.4 to 58.0 mg/l, alkalinity ranged from 18.8 ton29.7 mg/l, chloride ranged from 14.8 to 15.9 mg/l, nitrate and phosphorus ranged from 0.1 to 0.2 mg/l while transparency ranged from 21.4 to 22.3 cm respectively. The seasonal variation result revealed that both at the Dam and river, AT, pH, DO, WT, Chloride, Nitrate, Phosphorus and Transparency values were not significantly different while conductivity, BOD, TH, Alkalinity and Ammonia were significantly different. However, they were significantly difference from one month to another (wet and dry season months respectively).Keywords: Physico-chemical parameters, River Kaduna, CAAS Dam

scholarly journals Assessment of Drain Water Used for Irrigation in the Delhi Region

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (26) ◽  
pp. 200610 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deepak Gola ◽  
Arghya Bhattacharya ◽  
Priyadarshini Dey ◽  
Anushree Malik ◽  
Shaikh Ziauddin Ahammad
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Chemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Drain Water ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Multiple Heavy Metals

Background. Industries such as electroplating, mining and battery production are major sources of heavy metal-rich waste entering nearby water bodies. Irrigation with heavy metal contaminated water can deteriorate soil quality as well as agricultural produce and have further toxic effects on human health. Objectives. The objective of the present study was to estimate the concentration of hazardous heavy metals such as chromium (Cr), cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), nickel (Ni), zinc (Zn) and lead (Pb), as well as physico-chemical variables (pH, electrical conductivity, total dissolved solids, chemical oxygen demand and dissolved oxygen) at sampling locations along the Najafgarh and Loha mandi drains in Delhi, National Capital Region, India. Methods. The present study evaluated the quality of wastewater from the Najafgarh and Loha mandi drains, which are used for irrigational purposes in the Delhi region. Drain water quality was monitored for a period of 2 years for physico-chemical variables (pH, chemical oxygen demand, electrical conductivity and dissolved oxygen) as well as heavy metal concentrations (Cr, Cu, Cd, Zn, Ni and Pb). The two-year monitoring period (July 2012–March 2014) was chosen to represent three seasons: pre-monsoon, monsoon, and post-monsoon. Results. Varied concentrations of multiple heavy metals were found due to the extensive discharge of untreated industrial effluents into the drain water. Punjabi Bagh of Najafgarh drain was the most contaminated sampling site with the maximum concentration of Zn (12.040 ± 0.361 mg L−1), followed by Cr (2.436 ± 0.073mg L−1) and Cu (2.617 ± 0.078 mg L−1). Conclusions. Consumption of heavy metal-contaminated agricultural products can cause deleterious human health effects, leading to further health problems. The presence of multi-heavy metal ions above the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) permissible limits indicated that drain water was not suitable for irrigational purposes, and adequate measures are required to remove the heavy metal load from drain water. Competing Interests. The authors declare no competing financial interests.

scholarly journals ASSESSMENT OF PHYSICO-CHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND HEAVY METAL CONCENTRATIONS OF STUBBS CREEK, IBENO, AKWA IBOM, NIGERIA

2021 ◽  
pp. 15-26
Author(s):  
Henry Robert Anwan ◽  
Martins Agenuma Anetekhai ◽  
Gabriel Olarinde Mekuleyi
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Chemical Characteristics ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Spatial And Seasonal Variation ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Total Dissolved Solid

The present study examined some physico-chemical characteristics (temperature, pH, total hardness, dissolved oxygen (DO), total dissolved solid(TDS), conductivity, transparency, biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), acidity and alkalinity) and some heavy metals (Fe, Zn, Cu, Cd, Cr and Ni) concentration of Stubbs Creek, Ibeno, Akwa Ibom, Nigeria between August 2014 and July, 2015. Six sampling stations (Mkpanak, Okpot Ikot, Ebana Mbri, Esit Eket, Okpuk and Ikot Ebia Anam) in Stubbs Creek were selected. Water samples were analyzed using APHA-AWWA-WPCF methods while heavy metals in the water samples were digested and determined using UNICAM 939 Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS). The mean values of water parameters of Stubbs Creek are: temperature (27.22 ± 0.230C); pH (6.83 ± 0.13), DO (3.86 ± 0.20 mg/L), BOD (2.84 ± 0.11 mg/L), conductivity (522.23 ±69.12 µScm-1), TDS (288.83 ± 39.50 mg/L), transparency (0.86 ± 0.05m), alkalinity (95.51± 6.44mg/L), acidity (97.03±7.45) and total hardness(12.11±1.55).Only TDS, conductivity, alkalinity and total hardness showed significant (p<0.05) spatial variation across the sampling stations. However, the values of temperature, TDS, conductivity, alkalinity and total hardness indicated significant seasonal variation. Similarly, there were no significant (p<0.05) spatial and seasonal variation in the values of heavy metals recorded across the sampling stations. All the physico-chemical parameters and heavy metals in this study are below the maximum permissible limit recommended by WHO. The result showed that Stubbs Creek is less polluted at present and safe for the biota. However, responsible use of the water bodies by all and sundry should be maintained in order to preclude problems common with effluents discharge.

Seasonal Variation of Physico-Chemical Parameters in Kedilam River, Tamil Nadu, India

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (10) ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Gyaneswar Bhuyan ◽  
◽  
Dr. R. Anandhan Dr. R. Anandhan ◽  
V. kavitha V. kavitha
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Physico Chemical

Removal of heavy metal from soil and groundwater by in-situ electrokinetic remediation

2000 ◽  
Vol 42 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 335-343 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Shiba ◽  
S. Hino ◽  
Y. Hirata ◽  
T. Seno
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Electric Potential ◽  
Potential Gradient ◽  
Electrokinetic Remediation ◽  
Contaminated Aquifer ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Operational Variables ◽  
Mass Transport Process

The operational variables of electrokinetic remediation have not been cleared yet, because this method is relatively new and is an innovative technique in the aquifer remediation. In order to investigate the operational variables of the electrokinetic remediation, a mathematical model has been constructed based on the physico chemical mass transport process of heavy metals in pore water of contaminated aquifer. The transport of the heavy metals is driven not only by the hydraulic flow due to the injection of the purge water but also by the electromigration due to the application of the electric potential gradient. The electric potential between anode and cathode is the important operational variable for the electrokinetic remediation. From the numerical simulations with use of this model it is confirmed that the remediation starts from the up stream anode and gradually the heavy metal is transported to the down stream cathode and drawn out through the purge water.

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