Body-Image Distortion and Dissatisfaction in University Students

1986 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 907-911 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harriett M. Mable ◽  
William D. G. Balance ◽  
Richard J. Galgan
Keyword(s):  
Body Image ◽  
University Students ◽  
Sex Role ◽  
Body Image Dissatisfaction ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Image Distortion ◽  
Body Image Disturbance ◽  
Sex Role Orientation ◽  
Body Image Distortion ◽  
Personality Variables

The present study investigated body-image distortion and body-image dissatisfaction for a sample of 75 male and 75 female university students, in relation to personality variables implicated in the literature, such as sex-role orientation, self-esteem, locus of control, and depression. Women perceived their weight deviation from the norm at over 15% above their actual deviation, whereas men distorted less than 1%. In a multiple regression analysis, none of the personality measures correlated significantly with body-image distortion; however, sex of subject accounted for 25% of its variance. Body dissatisfaction was significantly associated with low self-esteem, externality, depression, and distortion. The relationship between body-image distortion and dissatisfaction, although significant, was surprisingly small Apparently, these two aspects of body-image disturbance represent quite distinct constructs.

Body-Image Distortion in Normal-Weight College Women

1989 ◽  
Vol 68 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1195-1198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salvatore Cullari ◽  
Roselyne S. Trubilla
Keyword(s):  
Body Image ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
College Women ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Image Distortion ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Cognitive Factors ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
Eating Disorder Inventory ◽  
Body Image Distortion

20 normal-weight college women were tested for body-image distortion and given the Eating Disorder Inventory and the Tennessee Self-concept Scale. Body-image distortion was present in one-half of the sample and seemed to be related to cognitive factors. There was no evidence of perceptual abnormalities in the subjects, and body-image distortion was not correlated with body weight or low self-esteem.

scholarly journals Body image dissatisfaction and distortion among food service workers

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-65
Author(s):  
Alessandra dos Santos Nazaret ◽  
Priscila Moreira de Lima Pereira ◽  
Ariele Edna Cristina Souza ◽  
Patricia Aparecida Fontes Vieira
Keyword(s):  
Body Image ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Food Service ◽  
Body Image Dissatisfaction ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Image Distortion ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Body Image Distortion

Background: People manifest a growing concern with their bodies due to health-related or esthetic reasons which contributes to increase their body dissatisfaction and distortion. Objective: To analyze weight gain, body image dissatisfaction and distortion among employees of a university restaurant in Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Methods: Cross-sectional study in which we analyzed the participants’ body weight, height and body mass index. Body image dissatisfaction and distortion were investigated with a figure scale. We administered a questionnaire to investigate weight gain and changes in dietary habits since starting in the job. Sample characteristics and factors related to body image dissatisfaction are described as frequencies and were compared by means of the χ2 test with software SPPS version 17.0. Results: We analyzed 46 employees (82.61% female) 63% of whom gained weight since starting in the job, 3.4 kg on average. Women reported having acquired poorer dietary habits. About 68.4% of the women and 75% of the men exhibited overweight. All the women (100%) and 50% of the men reported body image dissatisfaction and 76.3 and 50% respectively a desire to lose weight. We found a high prevalence of body image distortion, of 94.7% for the women and 100% for the men. Conclusion: Weight gain, changes in dietary habits, body image distortion and dissatisfaction point to the need for dietary and nutritional educational programs which promote healthy eating habits and changes in behavior relating to diet and body image.

Body Concern, Body Image and Nudity

1968 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 963-968 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonard Blank ◽  
A. Arthur Sugerman ◽  
Lane Roosa
Keyword(s):  
Body Image ◽  
Sex Differences ◽  
Image Distortion ◽  
Body Image Disturbance ◽  
Body Image Distortion ◽  
Figure Drawings

100 nudists and 60 controls were compared on several aspects of figure drawings and the Secord-Jourard inventories of body- and self-cathexis. The results showed important effects of sex differences and testing milieu on test responses and tended to support findings of an earlier study indicating that nudists present more body-image distortion and signs of body-image disturbance than controls. However, nudists claim to be more gratified with the appearance, if not function, of their bodies. It is suggested that bodily conflict leads to somatic emphasis, that nudist behavior is not necessarily psychopathological and may serve adaptive purposes for certain individuals.

What are the correlates of body image distortion and dissatisfaction among school-adolescents?

2019 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Houda Ben Ayed ◽  
Sourour Yaich ◽  
Maissa Ben Jemaa ◽  
Mariem Ben Hmida ◽  
Maroua Trigui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Image ◽  
Food Consumption ◽  
Fast Food ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Body Image Dissatisfaction ◽  
Image Distortion ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Financial Situation ◽  
Body Image Distortion ◽  
Fast Food Consumption

Abstract Background Body image is considered as central to many aspects of human functioning including emotions, thoughts, behaviors and relationships. Our study aimed to investigate the prevalence of body image distortion and dissatisfaction among adolescents and to assess their main determinants. Methods This was a cross-sectional school-based study conducted among school-adolescents in the south of Tunisia, between October 2017 and February 2018. Results Among 1210 school-adolescents, body image distortion and dissatisfaction prevalence were 44.8% and 42.4%, respectively. Multivariate analysis showed that being in the 16–18 years age group [adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 1.28, p = 0.046], low family financial situation (AOR = 1.88, p = 0.014), as well as high frequency of eating pasta (AOR = 1.3, p = 0.04) and fast-food consumption (AOR = 1.7, p = 0.042) were independently associated with under-estimated body image. Skipping breakfast (AOR = 1.9, p = 0.017) and having one obese parent (AOR = 1.9, p = 0.01) were independently associated with higher frequency of over-estimated body image. Regarding body image dissatisfaction, independent factors associated with desire to lose weight were: female gender (AOR = 1.53, p = 0.007), high income family financial situation (AOR = 2.1, p = 0.008) and having one parent who is obese (AOR = 2.21, p < 0.001). However, frequent fast-food consumption (AOR = 1.9, p = 0.038) and eating between meals (AOR = 1.57, p = 0.01) were independently associated with a higher desire to gain weight. Conclusions Our study highlighted that the prevalence of body image distortion and dissatisfaction were substantially high among adolescents. Their determinants included socio-demographic factors and lifestyle behaviors. Increased awareness among parents, educators and public health planners may help adolescents improve accuracy of body image attitudes.

scholarly journals Body image distortion and dissatisfaction in incarcerated women

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Paula Dias Inocêncio BARBOSA ◽  
Clélia de Oliveira LYRA ◽  
Ursula Viana BAGNI
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Image ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Body Image Dissatisfaction ◽  
Incarcerated Women ◽  
Image Distortion ◽  
The Body ◽  
Female Inmates ◽  
Body Image Distortion

ABSTRACT Objective To investigate the prevalence of Body Image distortion and dissatisfaction and evaluate the associated factors in incarcerated women in a closed regime. Methods Cross-sectional observational study, conducted with female inmates (n=107) in Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil. Personal sociodemographic data were collected through an interview, and the height and weight were measuredto obtain the body mass index. Body image was assessed using a scale of silhouettes fi gures for Brazilian adults. Prevalence Ratios with their respective 95% Confi dence Intervals and Bland-Altman method were used in thestatistical analysis. Results A total of 83.3% of the participants were affected by body image distortion and 91.6% by body image dissatisfaction. More than a half (58.9%) wanted a lower Body Mass Index (9.01±5.25Kg/m2), however, 32.7% wanted to increase the body size (6.43±4.34Kg/m2). The sociodemographic characteristics, nutritional status (PR=0.99; 95%CI:0.89-1.11), and the time of imprisonment (PR=1.06; 95%CI:0.94-1.19) were not associated with Body Image dissatisfaction. No associations were observed between body image distortion and the time ofimprisonment (PR=1.17; 95%CI:0.96-1.42) or nutritional status (PR=1.10; 95%CI:0.89-1.36). Conclusion Most female inmates were dissatisfied with their bodies and distort their body image, indicating the need for these aspects to be included in the health promotion actions in the prison system.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Body Dysmorphic Disorder and Predictors of Body Image Disturbance in Adolescence

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 206-218
Author(s):  
James Collison ◽  
Lisa Harrison
Keyword(s):  
Body Image ◽  
Body Dysmorphic Disorder ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
High Stress ◽  
Body Image Dissatisfaction ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
The Body ◽  
Body Image Disturbance ◽  
Young Adult Population ◽  
To Receive

Background: Body dysmorphic disorder encompasses a range of cognitive and behavioural states stemming from distressing, negative evaluations of one’s appearance. Despite the seriousness of this condition, little is known about who is likely to receive a diagnosis and more importantly what the putative risk factors are. This is particularly so among adolescent samples, where the extant literature is considerably smaller. Objective: This study had two broad aims: to estimate the prevalence of body dysmorphic disorder within a young-adult population, and to examine the predictors of body image disturbance. Methods: Three-hundred and four adolescents (242 females; Mage = 17.68) completed the Body Image Disturbance Questionnaire and Body Dysmorphic Disorder Questionnaire, along with measures of clinical psychopathology, self-esteem, experiences of parenting, and bullying. Results: Body dysmorphic disorder was present in 3.9% of the sample, which is in line with previous estimates among adolescents. More interestingly, results indicated that instances of high stress, low self-esteem, and reported experiences of bullying were able to predict 48% of body image dissatisfaction. Conclusions: Psychological interventions should be directed towards adolescents with body image concerns, especially if they also report bullying, elevated stress, or diminished selfesteem. However, additional research is still warranted to gain an increasingly accurate understanding of the prevalence of body dysmorphic disorder and who is susceptible to developing this disorder and how we can best serve these individuals in the community.

Gender differences in personality: Biological and/or psychological?

1990 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 303-317 ◽  
Author(s):  
Günter Krampen ◽  
Britt Effertz ◽  
Ursula Jostock ◽  
Beatrix Müller
Keyword(s):  
Locus Of Control ◽  
University Students ◽  
Verbal Fluency ◽  
Spatial Reasoning ◽  
Sex Role ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
Role Orientation ◽  
Sex Role Orientation ◽  
Personality Variables

The results of three empirical studies are reported in which the hypothesis is tested that differences in personality variables between the morphophenotype sexes can be explained by psychological sex‐role orientation variables. Furthermore, it was expected that normative sex‐role orientations (measured with the SRO‐S and the AWS‐S Scales) and gender‐related self‐concepts (femininity, masculinity, and androgyny measured with a modified BSRI) explain more variance in personality variables than morphophenotype sex. Besides these sex‐role orientation variables, test and questionnaire data on verbal fluency, spatial reasoning, self‐concept, anxiety, and aggressiveness were obtained in Study I from 50 young adults and their same‐sex parents; in Study II, data on verbal fluency, spatial reasoning, self‐concept, anxiety, and neuroticism were obtained from 120 university students; and in Study III, data on anxiety, locus of control, and Machiavellianism were obtained from 226 university students. The results confirm both hypotheses for the two aspects of intelligence studied, domain‐specific self‐concepts, different aspects of anxiety and aggressiveness, neuroticism, powerful others' externality in locus of control, and Machiavellianism. For all these personality variables the effect sizes of the psychological gender variables were larger than those of morphophenotype sex and reached medium to large values.

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