Acute Changes in Selected Serum Enzyme and Metabolite Concentrations in 12-to 14-Yr.-Old Athletes after an All-out 100-M Swimming Sprint

2002 ◽  
Vol 95 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1171-1178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank H. Fu ◽  
Chun-Ying You ◽  
Zhao-Wei Kong
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Calcium Ion ◽  
Serum Glucose ◽  
Anaerobic Exercise ◽  
Exercise Stress ◽  
Serum Enzyme ◽  
Elite Swimmers ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Acute Changes ◽  
Blood Glucose Concentrations

The purpose of this study was to investigate the acute effects of an all-out 100-m swimming sprint on changes in serum enzyme and calcium ion concentrations in young (12 to 14 years) male and female swimmers. Changes in serum enzyme concentrations of creatine kinase (CK), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), glutamic pyruvate transaminase (GPT), glutamic oxaloacetate transaminase (GOT), serum glucose (GL), and calcium ion (Ca2+) concentrations were measured in 23 elite swimmers (13 boys and 10 girls) before and after a 100-m freestyle all-out sprint. Analysis showed (1) there were significant sex differences in serum CK concentration at baseline (Pretest); (2) significant sex differences in serum CK and LDH concentrations after the 100-m spring; (3) no significant differences in Ca2+ concentration after the 100-m spring; and (4) significant increase in Serum GOT and blood glucose concentrations after the 100-m sprint, suggesting chat these might both be useful indicators of anaerobic exercise stress in young swimmers.

scholarly journals Effect of Adherence to Physical Exercise on Cardiometabolic Profile in Postmenopausal Women

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 656
Author(s):  
Valentina Bucciarelli ◽  
Francesco Bianco ◽  
Francesco Mucedola ◽  
Andrea Di Blasio ◽  
Pascal Izzicupo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Diastolic Function ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Serum Glucose ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Adherence Rate ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Estrogen Depletion ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Cardiometabolic Profile

Background: Menopause is associated with negative cardiovascular adaptations related to estrogen depletion, which could be counteracted by physical exercise (PhE). However, the impact of total adherence-rate (TA) to PhE and sedentary time (SedT) on cardiometabolic profile in this population has not been elucidated. Methods: For 13-weeks, 43 women (57.1 ± 4.7 years) participated in a 4-days-a-week moderate-intensity walking training. They underwent laboratory, anthropometric and echocardiographic assessment, before and after training (T0–T1). Spontaneous physical activity (PhA) was assessed with a portable multisensory device. The sample was divided according to TA to PhE program: <70% (n = 17) and ≥70% (n = 26). Results: TA ≥ 70% group experienced a significant T1 improvement of relative wall thickness (RWT), diastolic function, VO2max, cortisol, cortisol/dehydroandrostenedione-sulphate ratio and serum glucose. After adjusting for SedT and 10-min bouts of spontaneous moderate-to-vigorous PhA, TA ≥ 70% showed the most significant absolute change of RWT and diastolic function, body mass index, weight and cortisol. TA ≥ 70% was major predictor of RWT and cortisol improvement. Conclusions: In a group of untrained, postmenopausal women, a high TA to a 13-weeks aerobic PhE program confers a better improvement in cardiometabolic profile, regardless of SedT and PhA levels.

scholarly journals Cardiac Rehabilitation and Physical Performance in Patients after Myocardial Infarction: Preliminary Research

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 2253
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Grochulska ◽  
Sebastian Glowinski ◽  
Aleksandra Bryndal
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Cardiac Rehabilitation ◽  
Physical Performance ◽  
Stress Test ◽  
Maximal Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Exercise Stress Test ◽  
Health Condition ◽  
Exercise Stress ◽  
Test Time ◽  
Before And After

(1) Background: Cardiovascular diseases, in particular, myocardial infarction (MI), are the main threats to human health in modern times. Cardiac rehabilitation (CR), and especially increased physical activity, significantly prevent the consequences of MI. The aim of this study was to assess physical performance in patients after MI before and after CR. (2) Methods: 126 patients after MI were examined. They were admitted to the cardiac rehabilitation ward twice: in the 3rd month after MI, and then in the 6th month after the last rehabilitation session. CR lasted 20 treatment days (4 weeks with 5 treatment days and 2 days’ break). The exercise stress test on the treadmill and a 6-minute walk test (6MWT) were used to assess physical performance. Patients were assigned to an appropriate rehabilitation model due to their health condition. (3) Results: In the studied group, the exercise stress test time and the metabolic equivalent of task (MET), the maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max), and 6MWT score increased significantly (p = 0.0001) at two time-points of observation. (4) Conclusion: CR significantly improves physical performance in patients after MI.

Acute Changes in Lung Diffusing Capacity After Training in Elite Swimmers

2021 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 306-307
Author(s):  
Iker García ◽  
Franchek Drobnic ◽  
Victoria Pons ◽  
Ginés Viscor
Keyword(s):  
Diffusing Capacity ◽  
Elite Swimmers ◽  
Acute Changes

scholarly journals Sex Differences in Medication and Primary Healthcare Use before and after Spousal Bereavement at Older Ages in Denmark: Nationwide Register Study of over 6000 Bereavements

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Oksuzyan ◽  
Rune Jacobsen ◽  
Karen Glaser ◽  
Cecilia Tomassini ◽  
James W. Vaupel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Medication Use ◽  
Annual Number ◽  
Healthcare Use ◽  
Adverse Health ◽  
Adverse Health Outcomes ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Conjugal Loss ◽  
Gp Visits

Background. The study aimed to examine sex differences in healthcare use before and after widowhood to investigate whether reduced healthcare use among widowers compared with widows may partially explain excess mortality and more adverse health outcomes among men than women after spousal loss.Methods. All individuals alive and aged at least 60 years in 1996 and who became widowed in the period from 1996 to 2003 were selected from the 5% sample of the total Danish population and all Danish twins. The healthcare use was assessed as the average daily all-cause and major system-specific medication use and the average annual number of visits to general physicians (GPs).Results. The average daily use of all-cause and major system-specific medications, as well as the number of GP visits increased over the period from 1 year before and up to 5 years after a spouse's death, but there were no sex-specific patterns in the trajectories of medication use and number of GP visits after conjugal loss.Conclusion. We found little support for the hypothesis that reduced healthcare use contributes to the explanation of more adverse health outcomes after conjugal loss in men compared with women in Denmark.

scholarly journals Comparison of Serum HIF-1α Levels in Swimming Athletes Before and After Hypoxic Non-Hypoxic Exercise

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-39
Author(s):  
Syahrastani Syahrastani ◽  
Argantos Argantos ◽  
Siska Alicia Farma
Keyword(s):  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
The Body ◽  
Anaerobic Exercise ◽  
Adaptation To Hypoxia ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hypoxic Conditions ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Cross Sectional Design ◽  
Age Range ◽  
Hypoxic Exercise

The situation of lack of oxygen supply to cells and tissues is often not realized by many people (hypoxia). Hypoxia can occur in various situations in life. The main effect of hypoxia is the effect on the brain, so the body will do everything it can to restore the state of homeostasis. HIF-1α protein is a marker of hypoxic conditions. HIF-1α regulates the synthesis of many genes to maintain and restore body homeostasis from hypoxia to normoxia. This study was a descriptive study with cross-sectional design. The sample of this study were six swimming athletes with a 12-19 year age range who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The HIF-1α protein is measured by the ELISA method. Data were analyzed statistically. The results showed higher levels of HIF-1α after anaerobic exercise than the levels of HIF-1α before and after aerobic exercise. This is greatly influenced by the intensity of the exercise carried out. This proves that cellular adaptation to hypoxia is more stable in aerobic exercise, where the body's metabolism during aerobic exercise is more stable  

scholarly journals Effects Of Anaerobic Exercise And Supplementation Of Creatine On Acute Changes In Plasma And Urinary Levels

2005 ◽  
Vol 37 (Supplement) ◽  
pp. S38
Author(s):  
César C. Marra ◽  
Wagner De Campos Rosario ◽  
Paulo F.A. Souza
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Exercise ◽  
Urinary Levels ◽  
Acute Changes

l-Carnitinel-tartrate supplementation favorably affects markers of recovery from exercise stress

2002 ◽  
Vol 282 (2) ◽  
pp. E474-E482 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeff S. Volek ◽  
William J. Kraemer ◽  
Martyn R. Rubin ◽  
Ana L. Gómez ◽  
Nicholas A. Ratamess ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Tissue ◽  
Exercise Stress ◽  
Fatty Acid Binding ◽  
Purine Catabolism ◽  
Squat Exercise ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Mri Scans ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Exercise Induced ◽  
Plasma Malondialdehyde

We examined the influence ofl-carnitine l-tartrate (LCLT) on markers of purine catabolism, free radical formation, and muscle tissue disruption after squat exercise. With the use of a balanced, crossover design (1 wk washout), 10 resistance-trained men consumed a placebo or LCLT supplement (2 g l-carnitine/day) for 3 wk before obtaining blood samples on six consecutive days (D1 to D6). Blood was also sampled before and after a squat protocol (5 sets, 15–20 repetitions) on D2. Muscle tissue disruption at the midthigh was assessed using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) before exercise and on D3 and D6. Exercise-induced increases in plasma markers of purine catabolism (hypoxanthine, xanthine oxidase, and serum uric acid) and circulating cytosolic proteins (myoglobin, fatty acid-binding protein, and creatine kinase) were significantly ( P ≤ 0.05) attenuated by LCLT. Exercise-induced increases in plasma malondialdehyde returned to resting values sooner during LCLT compared with placebo. The amount of muscle disruption from MRI scans during LCLT was 41–45% of the placebo area. These data indicate that LCLT supplementation is effective in assisting recovery from high-repetition squat exercise.

scholarly journals Sex Differences and Commonalities in the Impact of a Palatable Meal on Thalamic and Insular Connectivity

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 1627
Author(s):  
Lisa Kilpatrick ◽  
Teodora Pribic ◽  
Barbara Ciccantelli ◽  
Carolina Malagelada ◽  
Dan M. Livovsky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Neural Mechanisms ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Subjective Responses ◽  
Biological Variable ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Meal Ingestion ◽  
The Impact

The neural mechanisms underlying subjective responses to meal ingestion remain incompletely understood. We previously showed in healthy men an increase in thalamocortical, and a decrease in insular-cortical connectivity in response to a palatable meal. As sex is increasingly recognized as an important biological variable, we aimed to evaluate sex differences and commonalities in the impact of a well-liked meal on thalamic and anterior insular connectivity in healthy individuals. Participants (20 women and 20 age-matched men) underwent resting-state magnetic resonance imaging (rsMRI) before and after ingesting a palatable meal. In general, the insula showed extensive postprandial reductions in connectivity with sensorimotor and prefrontal cortices, while the thalamus showed increases in connectivity with insular, frontal, and occipital cortices, in both women and men. However, reductions in insular connectivity were more prominent in men, and were related to changes in meal-related sensations (satiety and digestive well-being) in men only. In contrast, increases in thalamic connectivity were more prominent in women, and were related to changes in satiety and digestive well-being in women only. These results suggest that brain imaging may provide objective and sex-specific biomarkers of the subjective feelings associated with meal ingestion.

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