Effect of Morphine Sulfate on Spontaneous Activity Level of the Albino Rat

1965 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 693-696 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Glenn Collins
Keyword(s):  
Drug Effect ◽  
Activity Wheel ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Morphine Sulfate ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Systematic Effect ◽  
General Activity ◽  
Albino Rat ◽  
General Activity Level ◽  
Hunger Drive

In two experiments involving 40 albino rats and two dosage levels of morphine sulfate it was found that relatively high analgesic dosages of morphine significantly depressed general activity level in the revolving drum. Also, there was a significant interaction between drug effect and hunger drive. In the case of moderate analgesic doses (7 mg/kg) no systematic effect of morphine on activity-wheel performance was noted.

Factors Affecting Perceptual Functioning and Activity in Albino Rats

1979 ◽  
Vol 48 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1299-1305
Author(s):  
Patrick Maloney ◽  
Robert Deitchman ◽  
Kevin Walsh ◽  
Richard H. Haude
Keyword(s):  
Activity Level ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
General Activity ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Albino Rat ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Cyclical Variation ◽  
Geometric Patterns ◽  
Perceptual Functioning ◽  
General Activity Level

The effects of crowding and estrus cycling upon visual observing behavior and general activity level in the albino rat were investigated. Experimental groups were composed of non-estrus or estrus females and were subjected to one of three different crowding conditions. Measures of the frequency and duration of observing of photographic slides were taken as well as a measure of general activity. Slides were composed of either geometric patterns or color photographs depicting rats in various social postures. Contrary to previous reports, observing measures did not vary with levels of crowding or stage of estrus. There were, however, differences among the various crowded conditions on a measure of general activity. Relatively short-term crowding was shown to affect estrus based cyclical variation in activity and observing.

Visual Observing Behavior in the Albino Rat: Effects of Nature and Complexity of Visual Stimuli and Stage of Estrus

1977 ◽  
Vol 45 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1303-1307 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Deitchman ◽  
Patrick Maloney ◽  
Kevin Walsh ◽  
Richard H. Haude
Keyword(s):  
Group Membership ◽  
Visual Stimuli ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
General Activity ◽  
Albino Rat

The effect of varying levels of complexity within two types of visual stimuli on observing behavior of albino rats (60 females, 30 males, CD Strain, Charles River) was examined. Measures of frequency and duration of looking, as well as measures of general activity, were recorded. Differences in duration of observing as a function of group membership and type of stimuli were obtained. Activity was affected by the level of complexity. A re-examination of the concept of complexity is suggested. Further delineation of variables affecting observing behavior is also needed.

Effects of Amobarbital Sodium and Meprobamate on Acquisition of Conditioned Avoidance

1965 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 691-694 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara J. Powell ◽  
Louis K. Martin ◽  
Dennis K. Kamano
Keyword(s):  
Avoidance Response ◽  
Avoidance Performance ◽  
Conditioned Avoidance ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
General Activity Level ◽  
Amobarbital Sodium ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Increased Activity

The purpose of these experiments was to study the effects of two “fear-reducing” drugs, amobarbital sodium and meprobamate, on the acquisition of a conditioned avoidance response in albino rats, and how this response is related to general activity level and freezing behavior. Both drugs facilitated acquisition of the avoidance response and increased activity level as measured by the number of spontaneous inter-trial hurdle crossings. Thus, these results seemed at variance with Mowrer's theory regarding the relationship of fear to the avoidance response. However, the results were compatible with the theory that the relationship of performance to motivation is an inverted U-shaped function, which suggests that amobarbital and meprobamate exerted their facilitating effects on avoidance performance by obtunding the strong fear-freezing response which is known to be incompatible with the emission of the avoidance response.

Passing as an Indicator of Social Dominance Among Female Wild and Domestic Norway Rats

Behaviour ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 118 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 26-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Terra Ziporyn ◽  
Martha K. McClintock
Keyword(s):  
Social Order ◽  
Social Dominance ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Female Dominance ◽  
General Activity ◽  
The Social ◽  
General Activity Level ◽  
Access To Food ◽  
Norway Rats

AbstractThe most frequent form of social interaction between pairs of wild or domestic rats (Rattus norvegicus) was passing behaviour in the narrow burrows and open field of seminatural environments. This behaviour occurs when a moving rat approaches another, either head-to-head or head-to-tail; the passed animal freezes while the passing rat continues, side touching side. The social dominance manifest by this behaviour correlated significantly with fighting dominance, particularly among female wild and domestic rats. In addition, dominance during displacements for access to food and water correlated with the dominance relationship in passing within pairs of domestic female rats. Although both passing and general activity had the same crepuscular daily rhythm, passing dominance did not correlate with individual differences in general activity level. Thus passing indicates social order and is not simply a by-product of general activity. Because passing occurs ten times more frequently than fights, in future studies it may be a more powerful indicator of female dominance and social order.

Effects of Dihydroquercetin on Behavior of Albino Rat Offspring with Transgenerational Chemical Body Burden

2020 ◽  
pp. 38-41
Author(s):  
E.A. Kapustina ◽  
L.G. Lisetskaya
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Open Field ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Body Burden ◽  
Statistical Processing ◽  
Lead Toxicity ◽  
Absorption Spectrometry ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Albino Rat ◽  
Rat Offspring

Introduction. Lead pollution is a common environmental problem. Having no physiological functions, this toxicant has a negative polytropic impact on a body, including neurotoxic, reproductive, and transgenerational effects. The mechanism of lead toxicity is oxidative stress. Flavonoids have active antioxidant properties. They are widely represented in plant foods, are able to restore protective capabilities of cells and have chelating properties with respect to lead. One of the representatives of this group of substances is dihydroquercetin. The objective was to study the effect of dihydroquercetin on behavior of rats with hereditary chemical body burden exposed to lead at 60 mg/kg during 25 days. Materials and methods. We studied the behavior of rat offspring in an open field and established their blood lead levels by electrothermal atomization atomic absorption spectrometry. For statistical processing the U-Mann – Whitney test was used. Results. In the present experiment, the effect of lead on the offspring of male albino rats exposed to 60 mg/kg of lead for 25 days caused changes in the activity of animals in the open field. The severity of changes was more pronounced in animals with a hereditary chemical body burden. These animals showed a decrease in orientation and physical activity and increased anxiety. In rats with a hereditary burden, changes in behavior were detected when administering dihydroquercetin. The activity of animals demonstrated a positive dynamics: we observed a statistically significant increase in physical activity and orientation. The number and duration of behavioral acts approached control values. Conclusions. The revealed effects of lead on the offspring of albino rats with a transgenerational chemical body burden require further study to understand the mechanism of the phenomenon.

scholarly journals CHRONIC SODIUM CHLORIDE TOXICITY IN THE ALBINO RAT

1953 ◽  
Vol 98 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
George R. Meneely ◽  
Robert G. Tucker ◽  
William J. Darby ◽  
Stewart H. Auerbach
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Relative Volume ◽  
Dietary Sodium ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Albino Rat ◽  
Positive Linear Correlation ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Histologic Changes ◽  
Dietary Sodium Chloride

Sustained arterial hypertension developed in male, albino rats chronically fed diets rich in sodium chloride with demineralized drinking water available ad libitum. After 12 months of the experimental regimen a positive, linear correlation (r = 0.91) was found between the systolic blood pressure and the concentration of sodium chloride in the diet. A syndrome of edema and renal failure was observed in 18 per cent of the group fed at the level of 7.0 to 9.8 per cent of sodium chloride. Significant histologic changes occurred in the kidneys and certain other organs in rats consuming rations containing these levels of NaCl. The relative volume of the radiosodium space was increased in the rat by high dietary sodium chloride.

Visual thresholds in albino and pigmented rats

1992 ◽  
Vol 9 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 409-414 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pilar Herreros De Tejada ◽  
Daniel G. Green ◽  
Carmen Muñoz Tedó
Keyword(s):  
Evoked Potentials ◽  
Superior Colliculus ◽  
Absolute Threshold ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Response Curves ◽  
Albino Rat ◽  
A Value ◽  
Visual Evoked Cortical Potential ◽  
Single Unit Recordings ◽  
Visual Evoked

AbstractAlbino rats have recently been reported to have increment thresholds against dim backgrounds that are two log units higher than those of pigmented rats. We, on the other hand, have failed to confirm these differences using electroretinogram b waves and pupillary light reflexes. This paper reports on experiments using evoked potentials from cortex and colliculus and single-unit recordings from colliculus.We recorded visual-evoked potentials from cortex and superior colliculus in the strains of albino (CD) and pigmented (Long-Evans) rats used in the earlier studies. Thresholds were determined on eight fully dark-adapted animals by extrapolating intensity-response curves to the point at which there was zero evoked potential. The average dark-adapted threshold for the visual-evoked cortical potential was —5.26 log cd/m2in pigmented and —5.80 log cd/m2 in albino animals. The average dark-adapted threshold for the superior colliculus evoked response was —5.54 log cd/m2 in pigmented and —5.84 log cd/m2 in albinos. The differences were not statistically significant. On the same apparatus, the average absolute threshold for three human observers was —5.3 log cd/m2, a value close to the rat dark-adapted thresholds. Thus, visual-evoked cortical potentials and superior collicular evoked potentials failed to confirm the report of higher dark-adapted thresholds for albinos. In addition, we find that single units in superior colliculus in the albino rat respond to very dim flashes.

Ameliorative Effect of Withaferin A on Ageing-Mediated Impairment in the Dopamine System and Its Associated Behavior of Wistar Albino Rat

Pharmacology ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 103 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 114-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Raziya Banu ◽  
Muhammed Ibrahim ◽  
K. Prabhu ◽  
Srinivasagam Rajasankar
Keyword(s):  
Protective Efficacy ◽  
Motor Impairment ◽  
Withaferin A ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Aged Rats ◽  
Albino Rat ◽  
Aged Rat ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Ameliorative Effect

Withaferin A (WA) was evaluated for its neuro-protective efficacy on ageing induced striatal dopamine (DA) and behavioural changes in aged rats. Wistar albino rats were divided into group I – young (3 months), Group II – aged (24 months), Group III – aged rats supplemented with WA (50 mg/kg b.w once in a day for 30 days) and Group IV – young rats supplemented with WA (50 mg/kg b.w). The HPLC assay revealed significant decline in the levels of DA and homovanillic acid (HVA) in substantia nigra (SN) and striatum (ST) of aged rat. A marked decline in motor activity of aged rat was observed through open field, beam walking and grid walking motor experiments. These results indicate that ageing reduces nigro-striatal activity as well as nigro-striatal DA levels. Interestingly, the administration of WA (50 mg\kg b.w) resulted in a substantial resurge of DA and HVA in SN and ST and a significant reversal of motor impairment in aged rats. This study is the first report that evidently determines the neuro-protective efficacy of WA on dopaminergic system of SN and ST in aged rats.

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