Temporal Stability and Change in Attitudes toward the Kennedy Assassination

1969 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 907-913
Author(s):  
John Pierce-Jones ◽  
S. Thomas Friedman
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Stability ◽  
Original Study ◽  
Temporal Distance ◽  
Social Event ◽  
American Universities ◽  
Stability And Change ◽  
Factor Analytic ◽  
Kennedy Assassination

Temporal distance from a catastrophic social event, e.g., the killing of President John Kennedy, might be expected to result in a de-differentiation (simplification) of the configuration of attitudes surrounding the event. In a factor-analytic sense, this would be seen through the identification of fewer attitude dimensions a year after the killing and after the original study. Present results disconfirm the simplification hypothesis, showing instead, the same attitude factors as originally identified for Ss sampled in the same four American universities. Analyses for various subgroups of undergraduates show some interpretable changes in factor-scale profiles.

scholarly journals Steadfast Standards or Fluctuating Fancies? Stability and Change in People’s Mate Criteria Over 27 Months

2018 ◽  
Vol 45 (5) ◽  
pp. 671-687 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carrie A. Bredow ◽  
Nicole Hames
Keyword(s):  
Survey Data ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Rank Order ◽  
Temporal Stability ◽  
Mate Preferences ◽  
Age Changes ◽  
Stability And Change ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Time Points ◽  
The Stability

Although research on mate preferences has been built on the assumption that the criteria people report at one point in time should predict their future partnering behavior, little is known about the temporal stability of people’s standards. Using survey data collected at four time points from 285 originally unmarried individuals, this study examined the rank-order, mean-level, individual-level and ipsative stability of people’s mate criteria over 27 months. Overall, reported standards exhibited moderate to high baseline stability, with rank-order and ipsative estimates comparable to those reported for personality traits. At the same time, mean- and individual-level analyses revealed small, but significant, increases in participants’ reported criteria over the study, as well as significant variability in individual trajectories. Consistent with theory, the stability of individuals’ standards was moderated by several contextual factors, including age, changes in perceived mate value, and significant relationship events.

scholarly journals Stability and Change in Diffusion Model Parameters over Two Years

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 26
Author(s):  
Mischa von Krause ◽  
Stefan T. Radev ◽  
Andreas Voss ◽  
Martin Quintus ◽  
Boris Egloff ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Diffusion Model ◽  
Processing Speed ◽  
Rank Order ◽  
Temporal Stability ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Stability And Change ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Speed Accuracy

In recent years, mathematical models of decision making, such as the diffusion model, have been endorsed in individual differences research. These models can disentangle different components of the decision process, like processing speed, speed–accuracy trade-offs, and duration of non-decisional processes. The diffusion model estimates individual parameters of cognitive process components, thus allowing the study of individual differences. These parameters are often assumed to show trait-like properties, that is, within-person stability across tasks and time. However, the assumption of temporal stability has so far been insufficiently investigated. With this work, we explore stability and change in diffusion model parameters by following over 270 participants across a time period of two years. We analysed four different aspects of stability and change: rank-order stability, mean-level change, individual differences in change, and profile stability. Diffusion model parameters showed strong rank-order stability and mean-level changes in processing speed and speed–accuracy trade-offs that could be attributed to practice effects. At the same time, people differed little in these patterns across time. In addition, profiles of individual diffusion model parameters proved to be stable over time. We discuss implications of these findings for the use of the diffusion model in individual differences research.

scholarly journals Temporal stability and change in the social call repertoire of migrating humpback whales

2013 ◽  
Vol 133 (3) ◽  
pp. 1785-1795 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melinda L. Rekdahl ◽  
Rebecca A. Dunlop ◽  
Michael J. Noad ◽  
Anne W. Goldizen
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Stability ◽  
Humpback Whales ◽  
Stability And Change ◽  
The Social ◽  
Call Repertoire

scholarly journals Stability and Change in Estuarine Biofilm Bacterial Community Diversity

2006 ◽  
Vol 72 (9) ◽  
pp. 5679-5688 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph A. Moss ◽  
Andreas Nocker ◽  
Joe E. Lepo ◽  
Richard A. Snyder
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Community ◽  
16S Rrna ◽  
Temporal Stability ◽  
Community Diversity ◽  
16S Rrna Genes ◽  
Rrna Genes ◽  
Phylogenetic Groups ◽  
Stability And Change ◽  
Community Profiling ◽  
Distribution Composition

ABSTRACT Biofouling communities contribute significantly to aquatic ecosystem productivity and biogeochemical cycling. Our knowledge of the distribution, composition, and activities of these microbially dominated communities is limited compared to other components of estuarine ecosystems. This study investigated the temporal stability and change of the dominant phylogenetic groups of the domain Bacteria in estuarine biofilm communities. Glass slides were deployed monthly over 1 year for 7-day incubations during peak tidal periods in East Sabine Bay, Fla. Community profiling was achieved by using 16S rRNA genes and terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) of 16S rRNA genes in combination with ribotyping, cloning, and sequencing to evaluate diversity and to identify dominant microorganisms. Bacterial community profiles from biofilms grown near the benthos showed distinct periods of constancy within winter and summer sampling periods. Similar periods of stability were also seen in T-RFLP patterns from floating biofilms. Alternating dominance of phylogenetic groups between seasons appeared to be associated with seasonal changes in temperature, nutrient availability, and light. The community structure appeared to be stable during these periods despite changes in salinity and in dissolved oxygen.

Temporal stability and change in a microgeographical pattern of song variation in the rufous-collared sparrow

2004 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 551-559 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cecilia Kopuchian ◽  
Dario Alejandro Lijtmaer ◽  
Pablo Luis Tubaro ◽  
Paul Handford
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Stability ◽  
Stability And Change ◽  
Song Variation

Stability and Change in Rhythmic Patterning Across a Composer’s Lifetime

2015 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 255-265 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph R. Daniele ◽  
Aniruddh D. Patel
Keyword(s):  
Classical Music ◽  
Original Study ◽  
Average Degree ◽  
Historical Trends ◽  
Musical Rhythm ◽  
Stability And Change ◽  
Musical Theme ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Western European

Historical trends in the rhythm of Western European instrumental classical music between ∼1650 and 1950 have recently been studied using the nPVI equation. This equation measures the average degree of durational contrast between adjacent events in a sequence (such as notes in a musical theme). These historical studies (e.g., Daniele & Patel, 2013, Hansen et al., in press) have relied on assigning each composer’s music a mean nPVI value in order to search for broad historical trends across composers. Here we address how mean nPVI might vary across different compositional periods within a composer’s lifetime, focusing on four famous composers whose lives have been demarcated into different epochs by historical musicologists, and who were part of Daniele and Patel’s original study: J. S. Bach, Mozart, Beethoven, and Brahms. For these composers, we find that the mean nPVI does not vary dramatically across compositional periods. Nevertheless, there are interesting trends within the lifetime of each composer which reflect the larger ‘rising nPVI’ trend seen across all Austro-German composers studied by Daniele and Patel (2013). These findings demonstrate the utility of studying historical patterns in musical rhythm at two distinct timescales: within the lifetimes of individual composers, and across composers from divergent musical eras.

Controversy and Change in the American Economics Curriculum

1996 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 44-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stanley L. Brue
Keyword(s):  
Quarter Century ◽  
American Universities ◽  
Stability And Change ◽  
Undergraduate Economics ◽  
Economics Majors ◽  
Current Curriculum

The undergraduate economics curriculum in American universities continues to evolve, but within a framework of course titles and degree requirements remarkably similar to those of twenty-five years ago. This essay compares the current curriculum with that of a quarter century past, identifying areas of stability and change. It also examines the recent decline in economics majors, exploring its relationship to (and possible implications for) the present economics curriculum. Finally, miscellaneous other issues facing the American undergraduate economics curriculum are discussed.

Symptoms of Anxiety and Depression in Young Adults: Genetic and Environmental Influences on Stability and Change

2007 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 450-461 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ragnhild B. Nes ◽  
Espen Røysamb ◽  
Ted Reichborn-Kjennerud ◽  
Jennifer R. Harris ◽  
Kristian Tambs
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Genetic Risk ◽  
Environmental Influences ◽  
Temporal Stability ◽  
Genetic Risk Factors ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Shared Environment ◽  
Stability And Change ◽  
Males And Females

AbstractEtiological factors for stability and change in symptoms of anxiety and depression, including sex differences, are largely unexplored in young adults. Using biometric modeling and two-wave longitudinal data from 4393 Norwegian twins aged 18 to 31 we explored (i) heritabilities of symptoms of anxiety and depression, (ii) effects of genetic and environmental factors on the stability and change of such symptoms, and (iii) sex-specific effects. The phenotypic cross-time correlations for symptoms of anxiety and depression were estimated to .54 and .49 for males and females, respectively. The best fitting longitudinal model specified additive genetic and individual environmental influences and emerging effects from the shared environment for females only. For both males and females, long-term stability was mainly attributable to stable additive genetic factors, whereas change was essentially related to environmental influences. Minor time-specific genetic effects were indicated, and some stable variance was due to the individual environment. Additive genetic risk factors explained 87% and 68% of the phenotypic cross-time correlation for males and females, with the unique environment accounting for the remaining covariance. The results provide strong evidence for the temporal stability of genetic risk factors for symptoms of anxiety and depression in young adults, and substantial sex-specific influences on heritability, stability and change.

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