Social Intelligence: A Concept in Search of Data

1971 ◽  
Vol 29 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1123-1132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luke A. Shanley ◽  
Ronald E. Walker ◽  
Jeanne M. Foley
Keyword(s):  
Grade Level ◽  
Social Intelligence ◽  
Sixth Graders ◽  
Ninth Graders ◽  
Twelfth Graders ◽  
Iq Test ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Ninth Grade Students ◽  
Main Effects ◽  
The Relationship

300 students from Grades 6, 9, and 12 (equally represented by males and females at each grade) were administered the Otis IQ test and six of Guilford's tests of social intelligence. The data were analyzed to ascertain the relationship between IQ and social intelligence and the effects of sex and grade level on social intelligence. The hypothesis that social intelligence increases with age was supported by the significant main effects which indicated that twelfth graders quite consistently scored higher than ninth graders who, in turn, scored higher than sixth graders. Females scored significantly higher than males on two of the six Guilford measures. The majority of the correlations between IQ and social intelligence were significant and those for the ninth grade students, in particular, were sufficiently high to raise questions about the independence of these two types of intelligence.

scholarly journals Washback of English national exams at ninth-grade level in Thailand and Indonesia

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wachyu Sundayana ◽  
Panusak Meekaeo ◽  
Pupung Purnawarman ◽  
Didi Sukyadi
Keyword(s):  
Language Learning ◽  
Grade Level ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
English Language ◽  
Ninth Grade ◽  
Ninth Graders ◽  
English Language Teaching ◽  
English Language Learning ◽  
Ninth Grade Students

Washback refers to influences of testing on teaching and learning. In Thailand and Indonesia, washback of the Ordinary National Educational Test (O-NET) and Ujian Nasional (UN) inevitably occurs on teaching and learning in classrooms at every level. This present study aims to explore and compare the washback effects of the O-NET and UN on English language learning as perceived by Thai and Indonesian ninth-grade students. It is a multi-case study (Thailand case and Indonesia case) by using triangulation design as the research design. The questionnaires concerning washback effects of national exams on English language learning were distributed to 200 ninth-graders in the two cases. In addition, six students from each case were interviewed. The results reveal that in both cases, the participants focus to learn on contents and skills that were likely to appear in the national exams. The participants learned English harder to perform well in the tests rather than to improve their English ability. Moreover, the students had high anxiety during the test preparations and feared for low O-NET and UN scores. The results of the study contribute to future washback study and improvement of English language teaching and learning at ninth-grade in Thailand and Indonesia.

scholarly journals Sixth-grade basic students ’acquisition of some of the values of citizenship and its relationship to their coping competence: مستوى اكتساب تلاميذ الصّفّ السّادس الأساسي لبعض قيَم المواطنة وعلاقتها بكفاءة المواجهة لديهم

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (44) ◽  
pp. 88-65
Author(s):  
Bassam Mahmoud Mohammed, Reem Mihoub Slemon, Haifa Hassan Ib Bassam Mahmoud Mohammed, Reem Mihoub Slemon, Haifa Hassan Ib
Keyword(s):  
Sixth Grade ◽  
Sixth Graders ◽  
Female Students ◽  
Sixth Grade Students ◽  
Descriptive Approach ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Coping Competence ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The City

The study aimed to identify the level of basic sixth-graders' acquisition of some of the values of citizenship and their level of competence in confrontation, and to reveal the relationship between the level of their acquisition of some values of citizenship and the level of competence of confrontation they have, and to reveal the differences between them in the acquisition of specific citizenship values (patriotism, commitment, responsibility The study sample consisted of (420) male and female students of the sixth grade, of whom (219) were pupils, and (201) pupils in the schools of Tartous city, and the study adopted the descriptive approach, and the Specific Citizenship Values Scale, and the Confrontation Efficiency Scale were used, which were prepared by the researcher using the previous studies. The city of Tartous, and their average level of confrontation competence, and the presence of a positive correlation between the scores of the study sample "of sixth grade students" in the scale of citizenship values and their scores in the scale of confrontation competence, a J The higher the level of students ’acquisition of citizenship values, the higher their level of coping competence, and there are statistically significant differences between the mean scores of the study sample of sixth-grade students on the scale of citizenship values according to the gender variable in favor of female students in the overall score and sub-dimensions. Except for the second dimension (commitment value), it was not statistically significant and there were no differences between males and females, and there were no statistically significant differences between the mean scores of the study sample of sixth grade students on the scale of coping efficiency according to the gender variable.

The Relationship between Developmental Tonal Aptitude and Singing Achievement among Kindergarten, First-, Second-, and Third-Grade Students

2005 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 322-331 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christina M. Hornbach ◽  
Cynthia C. Taggart
Keyword(s):  
School Districts ◽  
Grade Level ◽  
School Setting ◽  
Third Grade ◽  
Older Students ◽  
Third Grade Students ◽  
Music Audiation ◽  
Meaningful Relationships ◽  
Main Effects ◽  
The Relationship

The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between singing achievement and developmental tonal aptitude for students in kindergarten through third grade. In addition we investigated whether singing achievement differs according to grade level or school setting. Subjects (N = 162) were randomly selected kindergarten, first-; second-, and third-grade children from schools in two different school districts. Correlations between composite singing achievement scores and scores on the Primary Measures of Music Audiation-Tortal reflected no meaningful relationships between singing achievement and developmental tonal aptitude. Two-way analysis of variance revealed no significant interaction between school and grade. However, there were significant main effects for school and grade (p <. 001). With the exception of third-grade students, older students demonstrated greater singing achievement than younger students.

Birth Order, Sex, and Socio-Political Orientation in College Students

1982 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 891-896 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alex Heingartner ◽  
Celeste Keusch Wetherell
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Birth Order ◽  
Political Orientation ◽  
Role Expectations ◽  
The Political ◽  
Only Children ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Order Position ◽  
Main Effects ◽  
The Relationship

The relationship between socio-political orientation and birth-order position and sex were examined for 62 college students. A modified version of the Wilson-Patterson Conservatism Scale and abridged versions of the California F Scale and the Political and Economic Conservatism Scale measured socio-political orientation. While significant main effects for birth order and sex were not obtained on any of the scales, significant interactions of sex by birth order occurred on all three. On each scale females who were firstborn or only children scored significantly more conservatively than correspondingly born males. For subjects who were later born there was no sex difference on two of the scales, while on the Political and Economic Conservatism Scale males scored significantly more conservatively than females. The results are discussed in terms of the differential socialization experiences of firstborn and later born children and the different role expectations for males and females.

Children's Ability to Demonstrate Music Concept Discriminations in Listening and Singing

1995 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 204-221 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wendy L. Sims
Keyword(s):  
Grade Level ◽  
Fifth Grade ◽  
Single Element ◽  
Listening Test ◽  
Discrimination Condition ◽  
Musical Characteristics ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Main Effects ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Musical Elements

This study examined the relationship of grade level to children s ability to make musical discriminations when elements are presented simultaneously. Children enrolled in first through fifth grade were subjects for this study (N = 669). A listening test designed to assess the subjects' ability to discriminate and label contrasting musical characteristics related to tempo and articulation within single- and double-discrimination contexts was administered following a brief instructional period. A smaller sample of children (n = 60) then completed a singing task in which they were required to perform a familiar song to demonstrate varied combinations of the two musical elements. Results of the listening test indicated significant main effects for grade, characteristic, and type of discrimination, with significant interactions. Subjects were significantly more successful with single discriminations than double discriminations, and mean scores for tempo were significantly higher than for articulation, particularly under the double discrimination condition. When singing subjects demonstrated contrasting tempi and smooth articulation but had difficulty with choppy articulation, both in single-element as well as combined-element examples.

Attachment and Field Dependence: Individual Differences in Information Processing

2004 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrizia Vermigli ◽  
Alessandro Toni
Keyword(s):  
Information Processing ◽  
Individual Differences ◽  
Field Dependence ◽  
Attachment Styles ◽  
Close Relationships ◽  
Adult Age ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Figure Test ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Measure Field

The present research analyzes the relationship between attachment styles at an adult age and field dependence in order to identify possible individual differences in information processing. The “Experience in Close Relationships” test of Brennan et al. was administered to a sample of 380 individuals (160 males, 220 females), while a subsample of 122 subjects was given the Embedded Figure Test to measure field dependence. Confirming the starting hypothesis, the results have shown that individuals with different attachment styles have a different way of perceiving the figure against the background. Ambivalent and avoidant individuals lie at the two extremes of the same dimension while secure individuals occupy the central part. Significant differences also emerged between males and females.

Binge Eating and Addictive-Like Behaviours in Males and Females

2020 ◽  
pp. 003329412097175
Author(s):  
Johanna Levallius ◽  
Elin Monell ◽  
Andreas Birgegård ◽  
David Clinton ◽  
Emma Forsén Mantilla
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Binge Eating ◽  
Disordered Eating ◽  
Food Addiction ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Eating Behaviours ◽  
Compulsive Exercise ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Common Behaviour ◽  
The Relationship

Introduction Binge eating is a common behaviour that is strongly linked to both obesity and eating disorder. There is evidence that binge eating commonly co-occurs with other problematic and addictive-like behaviours; however, this has not been explored systematically. The present study aimed to examine the relationship between binge eating, body weight, disordered eating behaviours and associated addictive-like behaviours, with particular attention paid to gender differences. Method A community sample ( N = 500; 75% female, Mage = 32.5 years) reported disordered eating behaviours (i.e. binge eating, purging, restriction of eating, compulsive exercise), body mass index (BMI), food addiction, starvation addiction, exercise dependence, tobacco use and alcohol consumption. Results 42% of females and 21% of males reported binge eating during the past four weeks. Binge eating was significantly associated with all investigated behaviours in females, and with purging, compulsive exercise and overweight/obesity in males. Controlling for BMI, self-starvation predicted binge eating in males (OR = 1.07), while food addiction (OR = 1.73) and alcohol dependence (OR = 1.11) predicted binge eating in females. Conclusions The multiple associations between binge eating and addictive-like behaviors supports broad screening and generalized prevention efforts. Prevention efforts should reflect gender differences.

EEG-correlates of work efficiency level among young persons with stress-induced bruxism

2021 ◽  
pp. 25-29
Author(s):  
A. E. Barulin ◽  
S. V. Klauchek ◽  
A. E. Klauchek
Keyword(s):  
Regression Models ◽  
Alpha Rhythm ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Maximum Amplitude ◽  
Dominant Frequency ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Microsoft Excel ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose of the study. To establish the relationship between neurophysiological status and the level of efficiency in young people with bruxism.Materials and methods. Two groups of 64 and 53 subjects (males and females) aged 20–35 years old with bruxism and non-bruxers were formed according to questionnaire results and physical examination. The level of efficiency was assessed by the results of sensorimotor tracking of a moving object (the ‘Smile’ model). Spectral analysis was performed for evaluation of the baseline electroencephalograms. Microsoft Excel and Statistica 10.0 programs were used for statistical data processing.Results. The level of efficiency was statistically significantly lower in the hardest test of Smile model among the individuals with bruxism (p < 0.05). The bruxers also demonstrated a significantly lower dominant frequency and maximum amplitude of alpha-rhythm (p < 0.05), and significantly higher dominant frequency of beta2 rhythm (p < 0.05). The dominant frequency and the maximum amplitude of the alpha-rhythm are parameters corresponding to significant coefficients of the regression analysis. A negative relationship was found between the degree of error during sensorimotor tracking and the frequency and amplitude of alpha-rhythm.Conclusion. Regression models present the relationship between the level of efficiency and the alpha-rhythm severity. The regression equations make it possible to determine the functional state of the subject using an electroencephalogram.

Who Speaks Up?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming Yi ◽  
Shenghui Wang ◽  
Irene E. De Pater ◽  
Jinlian Luo
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Big Five ◽  
Service Industry ◽  
Qualitative Comparative Analysis ◽  
Work Behavior ◽  
Employee Voice ◽  
Big Five Traits ◽  
Main Effects ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Prohibitive Voice

Abstract. Research on the relationship between personality traits and employee voice has predominantly focused on main effects of one or more traits and has shown equivocal results. In this study, we explore relationships between configurations (i.e., all logically possible combinations) of the Big Five traits and promotive and prohibitive voice using fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis. Survey data from 171 employees from 10 organizations in the service industry revealed that none of the traits alone could induce promotive or prohibitive voice. Yet, we found three trait configurations that relate to promotive voice and four configurations that relate to prohibitive voice. We use the theory of purposeful work behavior to explain the different trait configurations for promotive and prohibitive voice.

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