Mouse-Killing by Devibrissaed and Facially Anesthetized Rats

1975 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald H. Thor ◽  
William B. Ghiselli
Keyword(s):  
Local Anesthesia ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Mouse Killing ◽  
Relative Importance ◽  
Sensory Cues ◽  
Anesthetized Rats ◽  
Long Evans

18 mouse-killing Long Evans male rats were devibrissaed and facially anesthetized to determine relative importance of facial tactual sensation in detection, pursuit, and killing behavior. With vibrissae clipped plus local anesthesia of the vibrissal pads, all rats attacked and killed mice with efficiency comparable to pretest baseline measures. Results were interpreted as indicating a nonsignificant role of vibrissal sensation in maintenance of this rodent's predatory kill response. Although initial killing may be contingent upon multiple sensory cues, established killing is independent of intact perception of the target.

scholarly journals CXCR4 inhibition with AMD3100 attenuates amphetamine induced locomotor activity in adolescent Long Evans male rats

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. e0247707
Author(s):  
Briana Mason ◽  
Corey Calhoun ◽  
Victoria Woytowicz ◽  
Latifa Pina ◽  
Roshninder Kanda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Locomotor Activity ◽  
Chemokine Receptor ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Brain Morphology ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Cxcr4 Antagonist ◽  
Cxcr4 Signaling ◽  
Long Evans ◽  
Psychostimulant Abuse

Adolescent psychostimulant abuse has been on the rise over the past decade. This trend has demonstrable ramifications on adolescent behavior and brain morphology, increasing risk for development of addiction during adolescence and in later adulthood. Neuroimmune substrates are implicated in the etiology of substance use disorders. To add to this body of work, the current study was developed to explore the role of a chemokine receptor, CXC Chemokine Receptor 4 (CXCR4), in the development of amphetamine (AMPH) sensitization. We targeted CXCR4 as it is implicated in developmental processes, dopaminergic transmission, neuroimmune responses, and the potentiation of psychostimulant abuse pathology. To evaluate the role of CXCR4 activity on the development of AMPH sensitization, a CXCR4 antagonist (Plerixafor; AMD3100) was administered to rats as a pretreatment variable. Specifically, adolescent Long Evans male rats (N = 37) were divided into four groups: (1) AMD3100 (IP, 4.0 mg/kg) + AMPH (IP, 4.0 mg/kg), (2) saline (SAL; 0.9% NaCl) + AMPH, (3) AMD3100 + SAL, and (4) SAL + SAL. Animals were first habituated to locomotor activity (LMA) chambers, then injected with a pretreatment drug (AMD3100 or SAL) followed by AMPH or SAL every other for four days. After a one-week withdrawal period, all animals were administered a low challenge dose of AMPH (IP, 1.0 mg/kg). AMPH-injected rats displayed significantly more locomotor activity compared to controls across all testing days. CXCR4 antagonism significantly attenuated AMPH-induced locomotor activity. On challenge day, AMD3100 pre-treated animals exhibited diminutive AMPH-induced locomotor activity compared to SAL pre-treated animals. Postmortem analyses of brain tissue revealed elevated CXCR4 protein levels in the striatum of all experimental groups. Our results implicate CXCR4 signaling in the development of AMPH sensitization and may represent an important therapeutic target for future research in psychostimulant abuse.

scholarly journals Role of Vitamin E on Antispermatogenic Effects of Indomethacin on Number of Sperm Containing Seminiferous Tubules of Testes in Long Evans Rats

1970 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-9
Author(s):  
Md Jahangir Alam ◽  
Monira Khatun ◽  
Manowara Begum ◽  
Muazzem Hossain ◽  
Jesmin Akhter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin E ◽  
The Other ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Seminiferous Tubules ◽  
Testicular Damage ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Group I ◽  
Long Evans ◽  
Different Doses

Context: Indomethacin is the most commonly and widely used nonsteroidal antiinflammatory analgesic and antipyretic drug. Despite its effectiveness as an antiinflammatory use, indomethacin causes inhibition of spermatogenesis leading to infertility. On the other hand, vitamin E enhances spermatogenesis. Therefore, the present study was designed to observe the protective role of vitamin E on indomethacin induced testicular damage. Objective: To observe the effects of vitamin E on indomethacin induced testicular damage in Long Evans rats. Study design: An experimental study. Place and period of study: The study was carried out in the Department of Anatomy, Sir Salimullah Medical College, Dhaka. Materials and methods: Eightyfour mature Long Evans male rats were divided into four groups (I, II, III and IV). The rats of group I, II and III were treated with indomethacin at different doses and duration. Group IV rats were treated with indomethacin and vitamin E at different doses for 49 days. Histologically the number of sperm containing and nonsperm containing seminiferous tubules were counted. Results: There was significant reduction (P<0.001) in number of sperm containing seminiferous tubules when the rats were treated with indomethacin at low (2 mg/kg body wt/day) and high dose (10 mg/kg body wt/day) for 7, 14 and 42 days, respectively. On the other hand, rats treated with indomethacin and vitamin E for 49 days showed increase in number of sperm containing seminiferous tubules compared to the other groups (P<0.001). Conclusion: It can be concluded from this study that vitamin E has potential role in the prevention of the antispermatogenic effects of indomethacin. Key words: Seminiferous tubules, Indomethacin, Vitamin E    doi: 10.3329/bja.v7i1.3009 Bangladesh Journal of Anatomy January 2009, Vol. 7 No. 1 pp. 5-9

Population Control (Review Article)

1961 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 89-98
Author(s):  
Karol J. Krotki
Keyword(s):  
Population Control ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Small Enterprise ◽  
Opportunity Costs ◽  
Relative Importance ◽  
Factual Information ◽  
Undue Influence ◽  
Clear Cut ◽  
Economic Considerations

Discussions about the role of small enterprise in economic development tend to remain inconclusive partly because of the difficulty of assessing the relative importance of economic and non-economic objectives and partly because of the dearth of factual information on which to base an economic calculus. It is probably true, moreover, that, because of a lack of general agreement as to the economic case for or against small enterprise, non-economic considerations, including some merely romantic attitudes toward smallness and bigness, tend to exert an undue influence on public policies. There may, of course, be no clear-cut economic case. And noneconomic considerations should and will inevitably weigh significantly in policy decisions. If, however, some of the economic questions could be settled by more and better knowledge, these decisions could more accurately reflect the opportunity costs of pursuing non-economic objectives.

The Possible Role of Prolactin in the Circadian Rhythm of Leptin Secretion in Male Rats

2000 ◽  
Vol 224 (3) ◽  
pp. 152-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. A. Mastronardi ◽  
A. Walczewska ◽  
W. H. Yu ◽  
S. Karanth ◽  
A. F. Parlow ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Circadian Rhythm ◽  
Male Rats

scholarly journals Role of propagule pressure in colonization success: disentangling the relative importance of demographic, genetic and habitat effects

2013 ◽  
Vol 26 (8) ◽  
pp. 1691-1699 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. A. Hufbauer ◽  
A. Rutschmann ◽  
B. Serrate ◽  
H. Vermeil de Conchard ◽  
B. Facon
Keyword(s):  
Propagule Pressure ◽  
Relative Importance ◽  
Colonization Success
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