Gender Differences in Proxemics: Taxi-Seat Choice

1993 ◽  
Vol 72 (2) ◽  
pp. 625-626 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew N. Kenner ◽  
George Katsimaglis
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Gender And Age

Observations of seating choice by 648 urban Australian taxi passengers demonstrated that the preferred position within the vehicle was largely determined by the gender and age of the passenger.

scholarly journals Are there mortality differences between men and women in all types of intracranial hemorrhages: subarachnoid, intraparenchymal and subdural? An analysis of the Spanish population

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (Supplement_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
J Fernandez De Bobadilla Osorio ◽  
J.R Rey-Blas ◽  
N Gonzalez-Aguado ◽  
B Fuentes ◽  
P Masedo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Subarachnoid Hemorrhage ◽  
Intracranial Hemorrhage ◽  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
Spanish Population ◽  
Subdural Hemorrhage ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Mediterranean Countries ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
Relationship Of

Abstract Objectives There are 3 types of intracranial hemorrhage (ICH): 1) subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), CIE10:I60; 2) intraparenchymal hemorrhage (IPH), I61 and 3) subdural hemorrhage (SDH) I62. Epidemiological data on this field are scarce in Mediterranean countries. Our goal was to determine whether the relationship of ICH mortality with gender and age was different for the 3 types of HIC. Methods Data were retrospectively obtained from the Spanish National Institute of Statistics. Deaths/100.000 population of SAH, IPH and SDH were assessed for the entire Spanish population since 2008 to 2017 (n=46,527,039). Year 2017 was the last available for analysis. Incidence was analyzed for men and women and for age strata (<1 years of age, 2–10, 11–20, 21–30, 31–40, 41–50, 51–60, 61–70, 71–80; >80). Results In order to fit in the abstract space, only data of 2017 are presented, although years 2008 to 2017 were also analyzed and results were similar. Mortality/100,000 of IPH stayed very low under 40 years of age and then grew exponentially in both, men and women, and was significantly higher for men for all age strata. Mortality of SDH was much lower but behaved in a similar way: exponential growth since 40s and lower incidence in women. SAH behaved differently: it started to be significant since 20 years of age and there were no gender differences. Conclusion Mortality of intraparenchymal and subdural hemorrhage increases exponentially since 40 years of age and is lower in women. On the contrary, mortality of subarachnoid hemorrhage increases earlier and there are no gender differences. Death/100.000 intracranial hemorrhage Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding source: None

scholarly journals Gender Differences in the Recognition of Emotional States

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 107-116
Author(s):  
V.A. Barabanschikov ◽  
E.V. Suvorova
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Emotion Expression ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Identification Accuracy ◽  
Emotional States ◽  
Language Version ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
Gender And Age Differences ◽  
Gender Factor ◽  
Audio Video

As a rule, gender differences in the perception of human emotional states are studied on the basis of static pictures of face, gestures or poses. The dynamics and multiplicity of the emotion expression remain in the «blind zone». This work is aimed at finding relationships in the perception of the procedural characteristics of the emotion expression. The influence of gender and age on the identification of human emotional states is experimentally investigated in ecologically and socially valid situations. The experiments were based on the Russian-language version of the Geneva Emotion Recognition Test (GERT).83 audio-video clips of fourteen emotional states expressed by ten specially trained professional actors (five men and five women, average age 37 years) were randomly demonstrated to Russian participants (48 women and 48 men, Europeans, ages ranged from 20 to 62 years, with a mean age of 34 (SD = 9,4).It is shown that women recognize multimodal dynamic emotions more accurately, especially those which were expressed by women. Gender and age differences in identification accuracy are statistically significant for five emotions: joy, amusement, irritation, anger, and surprise. On women’s faces, joy, surprise, irritation and anger are more accurately recognized by women over 35 years of age (p<0,05).On male faces, surprise is less accurately recognized by men under 35 (p<0,05); amusement, irritation, anger — in men over 35 (p<0,05). The gender factor of perception of multimodal dynamic expressions of the state acts as a system of determinants that changes its characteristics depending on a specific communicative situation.

What Regulates Gratitude Response of Women and Men? The Role of the Received Good, Psychosocial Factors, and Repayment

2018 ◽  
Vol 123 (2) ◽  
pp. 395-419 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanna E. Preś ◽  
Jacek Kurpisz ◽  
Justyna Pełka-Wysiecka ◽  
Katarzyna Adamowicz ◽  
Daria Suchecka-Fidura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Emotional Intelligence ◽  
Psychosocial Factors ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Emotional Reaction ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
Good Material ◽  
Quasi Experimental

This paper touches upon gender differences concerning psychosocial factors related to the emotional reaction of gratitude and forms of expressing gratitude in quasi-experimental conditions. It is based on findings from a study conducted on 576 participants of both sexes, aged 14 to 86 years. There were used three versions of the same questionnaire, depending on the type of the received good—material, intangible, or none. The participants’ gratitude level (as a trait), self-esteem, and emotional intelligence were measured. The findings revealed that women and young adults experience the highest levels of gratitude. Gender and age significantly differentiated the preferred ways of showing gratitude. Gratitude level was found to be positively correlated with self-esteem, emotional intelligence, and readiness to help people—both the benefactor and others. Getting an intangible good was associated with the strongest urge to reciprocate the benefactor. The preferred way of showing gratitude significantly varied between the investigated groups.

Gender differences in response to differing antidepressant drug classes: two negative studies

2003 ◽  
Vol 33 (8) ◽  
pp. 1473-1477 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. PARKER ◽  
K. PARKER ◽  
M.-P. AUSTIN ◽  
P. MITCHELL ◽  
H. BROTCHIE
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Antidepressant Drug ◽  
Antidepressant Drugs ◽  
Replication Studies ◽  
Drug Classes ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
The Us ◽  
Depressive Subtypes ◽  
Ssri Medication

Background. A recent US study presented data suggesting that depressed women are more likely to respond to selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) than tricyclic (TCA) antidepressant drug therapies. We have undertaken replication studies in two independent databases.Method. We have examined for gender differences in SSRI and TCA antidepressant response in both retrospective and prospective naturalistic uncontrolled studies, and in subsets of melancholic and non-melancholic depressed subjects. As the US study had indicated that women under the age of 40 years were particularly likely to show a differential response to SSRIs, we examined for age, gender and interactional effects. In addition, we examined for differential SSRI and TCA responsiveness in a subset of patients who had received drugs from both classes.Results. We failed to find evidence of women having a preferential response to SSRI medication or, conversely, of men having a superior response to TCA medication. Older age, however, was associated with a superior TCA response and younger age with a superior SSRI response.Conclusion. As few studies have examined for differential gender and age effects in response to narrow action and broad action antidepressant drugs across major depressive subtypes, gender differential effects remain to be established.

scholarly journals Secondary premature loss of baby teeth in children who had seek for the orthodontic aid

2014 ◽  
Vol 95 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
F S Ayupova
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Krasnodar Krai ◽  
Lower Jaw ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
Molar Teeth ◽  
Combined Defects

Aim. To study the prevalence and structure of secondary premature loss of baby teeth in children of various ages who had seek for orthodontic aid. Methods. 998 medical charts of children aged from 3 to 10 years who were present at the department of pediatric stomatology seeking for orthodontic aid from 2003 to 2012. Groups of children were gender and age-matched. The analysis of prevalence and structure of prematurely extracted temporary teeth was performed. Results. Premature loss of temporary teeth was revealed in 312 (31.27%) out of 998 children who had seek for orthodontic aid. During the period of the temporary bite formation (3-6 years), the number of extracted deciduous incisors and molar teeth increased twice, single cases of deciduous canine teeth loss were revealed. During the mixed bite period, every 4th and/or 5th child had defects of baby tooth arches. Molars, mainly first molars, were the temporary teeth that were extracted more often. Significant increase in prevalence of a secondary premature loss of baby teeth (up to 27.91%), mainly at the lower jaw, was noticed during the period of the eruption of closely located permanent incisor teeth. Combined defects of frontal and lateral areas of temporary tooth arches were revealed in some children. Conclusion. Prevalence of a secondary premature loss of baby teeth in children of Krasnodar Krai who had seek for the orthodontic help, reached 31.27%. Upper incisors, first molar teeth, lower canines and their combination prevailed among the prematurely extracted temporary teeth. No gender differences in prevalence, structure and localization of prematurely extracted teeth according to quadrants of tooth arches were revealed.

Effects of Gender and Age on Paediatric Headache

Cephalalgia ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 29 (9) ◽  
pp. 969-973 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Slater ◽  
MJ Crawford ◽  
MA Kabbouche ◽  
SL LeCates ◽  
S Cherney ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Initial Visit ◽  
Care Centre ◽  
Headache Severity ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
Paediatric Headache ◽  
History Of ◽  
Headache Pain ◽  
The Impact

The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of gender and age on headache characteristics and disability. Headache characteristics were assessed at an initial visit to a paediatric specialty care centre and five follow-up visits. A total number of 4121 patients were evaluated. Fifty-eight per cent of the sample was female. Boys were younger at their first headache and initial visit. They more frequently described headache pain as squeezing and location as top of the head. Girls reported more frequent and longer headaches. Girls more often described headache pain as sharp and location as back of the head. Age accounted for more variance than gender in headache severity, duration, frequency and disability. Gender differences exist in headache characteristics. Age is also an important factor in the variability in characteristics and disability. Longitudinal studies are needed to describe further the natural history of headaches in childhood and compare outcome between genders.

Gender- and Age-Specific Changes in Motor Speed and Eye-Hand Coordination in Adults: Normative Values for the Finger Tapping and Grooved Pegboard Tests

1993 ◽  
Vol 76 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1219-1230 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald M. Ruff ◽  
Stephen B. Parker
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Finger Tapping ◽  
Normative Values ◽  
Motor Speed ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
Educational Groups ◽  
Hand Coordination ◽  
Finger Tapping Test ◽  
Grooved Pegboard Test

Normative values for the Finger Tapping and Grooved Pegboard Tests were developed on a sample of 360 normal volunteers stratified according to gender, three educational groups ranging from 7 to 22 years, and four age groups subdivided between the ages of 16 to 70 years. Retest reliability was estimated for both measures. The Finger Tapping Test showed significant gender differences, since women were substantially slower, particularly in the older age groups. On the Grooved Pegboard Test, a converse gender difference was noted, since women were substantially faster than men. A smaller effect with increasing age resulted, and better educated individuals performed faster. If these motor and visuomotor tests are to be applied, then stratified normative estimates need to be implemented to provide viable clinical judgements.

Differences in Ankle Joint Complex Range of Motion as a Function of Age

Foot & Ankle ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 215-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan K. Grimston ◽  
Benno M. Nigg ◽  
David A. Hanley ◽  
Jack R. Engsberg
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Range Of Motion ◽  
Ankle Joint ◽  
Laboratory Coordinate System ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
Older Subjects ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Angular Displacements

The purpose of this study was to determine whether gender- and age-related differences in ankle joint complex (AJC) range of motion (ROM) exist in children (range 9–13 years), adolescents (14–16 years), and young adults (17–20 years), and to compare these data with those published for older subjects (21–79 years) using the same protocol. 15 A total of 120 subjects (58 males and 62 females) ranging in age from 9 to 20 years were tested for AJC ROM using a specifically designed 6° of freedom fixture. 1 All measurements were made with respect to a laboratory coordinate system, and represented assessment of active AJC ROM. Angular displacements for plan-tarflexion, dorsiflexion, inversion, eversion, abduction, and adduction were digitally recorded and compared. AJC ROMs of females aged 9 to 20 years were generally greater than those for males about all three orthogonal axes. Within each gender, there was a consistent trend for AJC ROM to decrease from a maximum at 14 to 16 or 17 to 20 years to a minimum after age 60 years. The average decrement was greater for females than for males. This study provided evidence to support the contention that age-related and gender differences in AJC ROM do exist. The possibility of minimizing the decline in AJC ROM with age requires further investigation.

Spanish diminutives in mother–child conversations

2003 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 281-304 ◽  
Author(s):  
GIGLIANA MELZI ◽  
KENDALL A. KING
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Young Children ◽  
Language Development ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Spanish Speaking ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
Age Patterns ◽  
Early Acquisition

The present study examined gender and age patterns of diminutive use in conversations between 32 Spanish-speaking Peruvian mothers and their three- and five-year-old children. Results confirm previous findings concerning both parents' greater use of diminutives with younger children and children's early acquisition of this complex aspect of morphology. However, findings do not support previous studies on gender differences in parental use of diminutives with young children. Results also revealed that mothers' and children's imitations of their interlocutors' diminutized words promoted their interlocutors' overall diminutive use. This finding highlights the acute sensitivity of both speakers to each others' language and the potential role of imitation in older children's language development.

scholarly journals Análisis sobre la situación del fútbol femenino de base. El caso de la comarca del Berguedà (Analysis of the situation of women’s grassroots football. The case of the Berguedà region)

Retos ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. 406-414
Author(s):  
Queralt Torradeflot Estevez ◽  
Francesc Solanellas Donato
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Gender Differences ◽  
Qualitative Methodology ◽  
Historical Perspective ◽  
Current State ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
The World ◽  
Women's Football

  El objetivo del estudio se centra en analizar la situación del fútbol femenino de base en la comarca del Berguedà. La realidad que representa la incorporación de la mujer en el mundo del deporte desde la perspectiva histórica, la presencia de estereotipos en nuestra sociedad y el estado del fútbol femenino actual han sido aspectos clave a revisar en la bibliografía. Se ha utilizado una metodología tanto cuantitativa como cualitativa, con el propósito de diseñar una estrategia que pueda ser implementada en diferentes territorios. Los resultados muestran las diferencias por género en la práctica futbolística, la influencia familiar en la realización de actividad física por parte de las chicas y como actúan un conjunto de elementos en la adherencia a la práctica deportiva, según género y edad. Se concluye la necesidad de optimizar el proceso de incorporación de las chicas a la práctica futbolística y se destaca la importancia de los centros escolares para iniciarlas a esta tipología de práctica.  Abstract: The aim of the study focuses on analysing the situation of women's football based in the Berguedà region. The reality which represents the incorporation of women in the world of the sport from the historical perspective, the presence of stereotypes in our society and the current state of the women's football, have been key appearances to review. A both quantitative and qualitative methodology has been used, with the purpose to design a strategy that could be implemented in different territories. The results show the gender differences of the adhesion of the football practice, the familiar influence of the development of physical activity by part of their daughters and how differently the various elements act in the adhesion of the football practice, taking into account gender and age. The necessity of optimizing the process concludes with the participation of girls into the football sport. It stands out the importance of the school centres to initiate the girls to this kind of practice.

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