scholarly journals Optimizing Micropropagation of Apple (Malus × Domestica Borkh) and in Vitro Root Induction By Piriformospora indica

2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 137-147
Author(s):  
Samira Masoudi ◽  
Maryam Jafarkhani Kermani ◽  
Ali Soleimani ◽  
Hassan Hajnajari ◽  
Amin Alidadi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Malus Domestica ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Basal Medium ◽  
Piriformospora Indica ◽  
Root Induction ◽  
Growth Increase ◽  
Isopentenyl Adenine ◽  
Different Seasons ◽  
Induction Of Resistance

Abstract The inoculation of plant species with mycorrhiza fungus Piriformospora indica results in enhancement of growth, increase in yield, and induction of resistance to biotic and abiotic diseases through improvement of the root system. The aim of the present study was to optimize in vitro propagation protocol for three indigenous apples (Malus × domestica) cultivars (ꞌGolbaharꞌ, ꞌSharbatiꞌ, ꞌSoltani Shabestariꞌ) and one commercial cultivar (ꞌGolden Deliciousꞌ). Furthermore, the efficiency of P. indica at rooting stage was investigated on three cultivars (ꞌSharbatiꞌ, ꞌSoltani Shabestariꞌ, ꞌGolden Deliciousꞌ). Establishment and proliferation stages were optimized by collecting explants at different seasons and comparing different culture media respectively. Rooting optimization included six treatments containing different concentrations of auxins in the presence or absence of P. indica. Results showed that at the establishment stage, a maximum percent of survival was observed in explants collected in spring. At the proliferation stage, different media had a divergent effects on distinct cultivars. Although all cultivars reacted favourable to micropropagation in MS (Murashige & Skoog 1962) basal medium, the presence or absence of cytokinin 2ip (N6-(2-Isopentenyl) adenine) in the culture media showed significant and incremental improvements in growth indices. In all cultivars highest rooting percent, root length, root thickness, and the number of roots/explant was observed in MS media containing auxins for three weeks followed by a treatment of MS medium containing P. indica for another three weeks. Plantlets treated with P. indica, grow stronger and healthier at the acclimation stage compared to the ones that excluded P. indica.

scholarly journals In Vitro Micropropagation of the Medicinal Plant Physalis angulata L.

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 161-163
Author(s):  
Owk ANIEL KUMAR ◽  
Songa RAMESH ◽  
Sape SUBBA TATA
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Leaf Disc ◽  
Basal Medium ◽  
Shoot Proliferation ◽  
Shoot Multiplication ◽  
Medicinal Herb ◽  
Root Induction ◽  
Survival Percentage ◽  
Physalis Angulata

Physalis angulata L. is an important medicinal herb. An efficient direct adventitious plant regeneration protocol was developed for large scale propagation using leaf disc as explants. The explants were cultured on MS basal medium supplemented with 0.25-3.0 mg/L 6-benzyl amino purine (BAP) for primary shoot proliferation. Inclusion of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and gibberellic acid (GA3) in the culture medium along with BAP promoted a higher rate of shoot multiplication. The maximum number of shoots was produced in MS + BAP (1.0 mg/L) + IAA (0.5 mg/L) + GA3 (0.20 mg/L) after the third subculture. An average of 152.8 ± 0.40 shoots were produced from each leaf disc. For root induction the shootlets were transferred to MS medium supplemented with different concentrations of indole-3-butyric acid (IBA). The highest percentage of root induction was observed in 1.0 mg/L (IBA). Rooted plants were successfully established in the soil after hardening. The survival percentage of rooted plants on soil was found to be 85%. This result will facilitate the conservation and propagation of the important medicinal herb Physalis angulata L.

scholarly journals In vitro answer of Bulgarian pepper (Capsicum annuum L.)

Genetika ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 129-136
Author(s):  
Velichka Rodeva ◽  
Stanislava Grozeva ◽  
Velichka Todorova
Keyword(s):  
Culture Medium ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Casein Hydrolysate ◽  
Basal Medium ◽  
Regeneration Ability ◽  
Stem Explants ◽  
Media Composition ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
High Level

Callusogenesis and regeneration ability of cotyledon and hypocotyl explants from three Bulgarian pepper varieties in MS basal medium supplemented with l-3mg/l BAP. l.0mg/1 IAA and 0.5mg/l GA3 was studied. In the different variants of culture medium was registered high level of callusogenesis and organogenesis in both type of explants from the all varieties. The highest percentage of plant-regenerants is established in cotyledon explants (from 3.3 to 18.3) in variant 3 of the culture medium containing 3mg/l BA. In the process of micropropagation by stem explants of the same studied pepper varieties the addition of the vitamins C. B12. Casein hydrolysate and Ferulic acid had a stimulation effect on the plant growth in height and rooting. In result of anther cultivation from three pepper varieties and four breeding lines the highest percentage of embryo structure formation was registered in varieties Albena and Strjama (12.0 and 13.8 respectively). The Bulgarian peppers are recalcitrant and their in vitro answer is different depending from the explants type, genotype and the culture media composition.

scholarly journals In vitro spore germination and early gametophyte development of Cibotium barometz (L.) J. Sm. in different media

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yupi ISNAINI ◽  
Titien Ngatinem Praptosuwiryo
Keyword(s):  
Spore Germination ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Basal Medium ◽  
Modern Medicine ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Naphthalene Acetic Acid ◽  
Gametophyte Development ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Rare And Endangered

Abstract. Isnaini Y, Praptosuwiryo TNg. 2020. In vitro spore germination and early gametophyte development of Cibotium barometz (L.) J. Sm. in different media. Biodiversitas 21: 5373-5381. Cibotium barometz (L.) J. Sm. is known as the golden chicken fern and included in Appendix II of CITES. It is an important export commodity for traditional and modern medicine. Globally, populations of this species are under significant pressure due to overexploitation in the wild. In vitro culture is one of the technologies used for ex-situ propagation and conservation of rare and endangered ferns and lycophytes. This study’s objectives were: (i) to observe in vitro spore germination and early gametophyte development of C. barometz, and (ii) to determine the best culture medium for rapid spore germination and early development of the gametophytes. The sterilized spores were sown in half-strength Murashige & Skoog (½MS) basal medium supplemented with combinations of 6-Benzylaminopurine (BAP) and α-Naphthalene acetic acid (NAA). A factorial combination of four BAP concentrations (0, 2, 4, and 6 mg L-1) with four concentrations of NAA (0; 0.01; 0.03 and 0.05 mg L-1) created 16 treatments replicated in a Completely Randomized Design. Spore germination of C. barometz was observed to be Vittaria-type, and its prothallial development was Drynaria-type. Spore germination started 7-14 days after sowing. Young heart-shape gametophytes consisting of 110-240 cells were formed in 45-61 days after sowing. The two best spore culture media for rapid spore germination and development of C. barometz gametophytes were ½ MS with or without 2 mg L-1 BAP.

In vitro culture of pointed gourd (Trichosanthes dioica Roxb.)

1970 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 135-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
MA Malek ◽  
D Khanam ◽  
M Khatun ◽  
MH Molla ◽  
MA Mannan
Keyword(s):  
Plant Regeneration ◽  
In Vitro Culture ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Culture Conditions ◽  
Root Induction ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Trichosanthes Dioica ◽  
Pointed Gourd ◽  
Regenerated Plantlets

An experiment was conducted to study the in vitro culture of pointed gourd. Cotyledon rescued from physiologically matured seeds (PMS) and immatured seeds (IMS) of pointed gourd were used as explants. Cotyledon excised from PMS responded very well in all culture conditions. Plant regenerated from cotyledon of PMS ranged from 38 to 96% in different hormonal formulations of culture media. Highest percentage of shoot regeneration was observed in MS + 1.0 mg/l BAP and lowest in MS + 2.5 mg/l BAP. No plant regeneration was observed in cotyledon from immatured seeds. The highest percentage of root induction (99%) was achieved in half MS medium supplemented with 0.5 mg/l NAA. The regenerated plantlets were successfully established in earthen pot. Keywords: Cotyledon; in vitro; pointed gourd. DOI: 10.3329/bjar.v35i1.5874Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 35(1) : 135-142, March 2010

scholarly journals Efisiensi Mikropropagasi Pisang Kepok Amorang melalui Modifikasi Formula Media dan Temperatur

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 91
Author(s):  
Yati Supriati
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Culture ◽  
Incubation Temperature ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Shoot Multiplication ◽  
Root Induction ◽  
Incubation Condition ◽  
Growth Environment ◽  
Media Formulation ◽  
The Media

<p>Micropropagation Efficiency of Banana cv Kepok<br />Amorang through Modifications of Culture Media and<br />Incubation Temperature. Yati Supriati. The budless<br />banana cv Kepok Amorang is potentially commercialized<br />due to its sweet taste and does not have flower bud, hence<br />reduced the potential of being infected by the blood disease<br />pathogen. Enhancement of banana industry needs continuous<br />supplies of large number banana seedlings. In vitro<br />culture enable the production of seedlings in a large scale,<br />uniform, quick. The research aims: (1) to formulate an<br />efficient medium for in vitro multiplication of cv Kepok<br />Amorang shoot, (2) to identify efficient growth environment<br />for in vitro culture of cv Kepok Amorang, and (3) to formulate<br />an efficient culture medium for roots inductions of cv<br />Kepok Amorang. The plant material used was in vitro culture<br />of Kepok cv Amorang, 2 cm in height without leaf and root.<br />The media formulation for shoot multiplication were full<br />strength, half strength, one fourth strength MS media,<br />supplemented with either 1, 3, or 5 ppm IBA. On optimization<br />step, the media tested were MS, Knop, Knop and<br />Heller, Hyponex N, Growmore N, and Rosasol N containing<br />of 1 ppm BA. The explants were incubated in culture room<br />with 8, 12, and 16 hours photoperiod with temperatures 30oC<br />(non air conditioned) and 25oC (air conditioned). The root<br />induction trial was done using MS, Knop, Knop and Heller,<br />Hyponex N, Growmore N, and Rosasol N media containing<br />of 1 ppm and 3 ppm IBA. The results showed that the best<br />medium formula for shoot multiplication was ¼ MS + 1 ppm<br />IBA. The best incubation condition was 16 hours photoperiods<br />at 30oC. The best media for root induction was<br />Hyponex 2 g/l + 1 ppm IBA. This culture method reduced<br />cost by Rp 261.7 per plantlet through efficiency of media<br />formulation and electricity use.</p>

scholarly journals Clonal Propagation and Karyomorphological Study of Solanum torvum Swartz: An Ethnobotanical Species of Tripura, India

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-76
Author(s):  
H Reshmi Singha ◽  
Sangram Sinha ◽  
Rabindra Kumar Sinha
Keyword(s):  
Clonal Propagation ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Shoot Proliferation ◽  
Induction Phase ◽  
Root Induction ◽  
Metaphase Chromosomes ◽  
Solanum Torvum ◽  
Regenerated Plants ◽  
Bud Induction

An efficient method of clonal propagation through nodal culture of Solanum torvum Swartz. is described. Different concentrations of BAP/Kn alone or in combination with IAA were tested for direct shoot bud induction and proliferation. Lower concentration of BAP/Kn alone produced better shoot proliferation and elongation. Maximum number of shoot proliferation was achieved from MS supplemented with Kn 0.5 mg/l with an average 4.0 ± 1.41 shoots during 28 days of culture. Addition of IAA to the culture media in combination with BAP/ Kn significantly reduced the number of shoot formation. Regenerated plants also produced roots during subsequent culture in the same media supplemented with BAP/Kn alone or in combination with IAA. The easy nature of in vitro rooting of S. torvum was recorded without any separate root induction phase. Regenerated plants were successfully transferred to the field condition. Clonal feature was cytologically confirmed through the study of mitotic metaphase chromosomes of regenerated plants which reveals 2n = 24 somatic chromosomes. Comparative karyomorphological details between the mother and regenerated plants of S. torvum revealed close similarity in their chromosomal complements and falls under the category of "1B" Stebbin’s symmetric index suggesting true to type nature of the regenerated plant.Plant Tissue Cult. & Biotech. 28(1): 69-76, 2018 (June)

scholarly journals In vitro regeneration system in brinjal (Solanum melongena L.) for stress tolerant somaclone selection

1970 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 253-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Ferdausi ◽  
UK Nath ◽  
BL Das ◽  
MS Alam
Keyword(s):  
Callus Induction ◽  
Biochemical Markers ◽  
Solanum Melongena ◽  
Basal Medium ◽  
Shoot Tip ◽  
Root Induction ◽  
Regeneration System ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Regenerated Plantlets

Brinjal is the second most important vegetable crop after potato in Bangladesh in respect of total areas and third in production. It also plays a vital role in the national economy as a cash crop. An experiment was conducted with two cultivars of brinjal namely Jhumky and Islampuri to observe the callus induction ability of different explants-shoot tip, hypocotyl and midrib in MS basal media supplemented with different concentrations and combinations of growth regulators. The rate of callus induction from shoot tip, hypocotyl and midrib were 82.78%, 74.88% and 78.71%, respectively. Highest rate of callus induction was found in shoot tip. Variety Islampuri showed higher rate of callus induction (80.62%). Among the treatments 2mg/l NAA showed the best performance in callus proliferation. Cytokinin (0.5 mg/l BAP) showed highest percentage of shoot regeneration (57.13%). For root induction, MS basal medium was proved to be better treatment for average number (12-15) of roots. The survival rate of transferred regenerated plantlets after hardening was higher in Jhumky (80%). Regenerated plantlets from callus of both the varieties exhibited 4-9 times higher proline, 2-3 times lower vitamin C and 2-3 times higher iron (Fe) content compared to their seed derived seedlings. This experiment showed that it is possible to develop shoot and fruit borer tolerance brinjal genotypes through somatic embryogenesis that was selected based on biochemical markers within the very short period of time. These findings will be helpful for further selection of the selected variants in field condition in the next phase of the study. Keywords: Somaclonal variants; Biochemical markers; Brinjal DOI: 10.3329/jbau.v7i2.4731 J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 7(2): 253-258, 2009

In Vitro Maintenance of Amoebocytes from the American Oyster (Crassostrea virginica)

1979 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 461-467 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank Brewster ◽  
Bruce L. Nicholson
Keyword(s):  
Cell Culture ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Basal Medium ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Heart Tissue ◽  
Oyster Tissue ◽  
Protein Digests ◽  
Dividing Cells ◽  
Fetal Bovine

Explant and monolayer cell cultures were initiated from oyster heart and embryonic tissue and maintained for periods of a few days to 6 mo depending on the type of tissue and the culture medium. A pH of 7.0–7.3 and a temperature of 20 °C were optimum. Vertebrate cell culture media prepared in a marine saline and supplemented with fetal bovine serum and protein digests provided a suitable basal medium. Supplementation of the basal medium with oyster hemolymph or extracts of oyster tissue markedly prolonged cell maintenance. Explant cultures of heart tissue with the subsequent outward migration of individual cells were most easily initiated and maintained for periods up to 6 mo. Although several cell types were observed, actively motile, granular amoebocytes predominated. No mitotic cells were observed even following exposure to a variety of mitogens. Cultures initiated from disaggregated larvae did yield actively dividing cells. Key words: oyster, cell culture, amoebocytes

scholarly journals In vitro plant regeneration of Zenia insignis Chun

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-41
Author(s):  
Zhou Yu-qing ◽  
Zhang Meng-jie ◽  
Zhang Deng ◽  
Zhang Jun-jie ◽  
Li Jing-jian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Basal Medium ◽  
Deciduous Tree ◽  
Naphthalene Acetic Acid ◽  
Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid ◽  
Root Induction ◽  
In Vitro Plant Regeneration ◽  
Morphogenic Callus ◽  
2,4 Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid

AbstractZenia insignis Chun is a large, fast-growing deciduous tree. In this study, we successfully developed a reliable and efficient protocol for the regeneration of fertile plants via callus induction from leaf segments of young Z. insignis seedlings. The best results were obtained with a medium containing 11.00 μM 6-benzyladenine (6-BA), 1.20 μM indole-3-butytric acid (IBA), and 0.45 μM 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), which yielded morphogenic callus within 2 weeks at a frequency of 62.23%. We tested the effect of IBA alone and in combination with 6-BA on the bud differentiation response of Z. insignis callus. Shoots differentiated normally when cultured on differentiation medium containing 6.00 μM 6-BA and 1.20 μM IBA. Regenerated buds elongated successfully in medium containing 1.20 μM gibberellic acid (GA3). The elongated shoots were then transferred to Murashige and Skoog basal medium supplemented with various combinations of naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) for root induction; well-developed roots were achieved on MS basal medium supplemented with 0.01 μM NAA at a rooting rate of 89.23%. Rooted plantlets were successfully acclimatised to a greenhouse at a survival rate exceeding 90.00%.

scholarly journals PENINGKATAN KERAGAMAN GENETIK PURWOCENG MELALUI IRADIASI SINAR GAMMA DAN SELEKSI IN VITRO

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 88
Author(s):  
IKA ROOSTIKA ◽  
IRENG DARWATI ◽  
YUDIWANTI YUDIWANTI
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Gamma Irradiation ◽  
Somatic Embryos ◽  
In Vitro Selection ◽  
Basal Medium ◽  
Root Induction ◽  
Embryogenic Calli ◽  
Low Altitude

<p>ABSTRAK<br />Peningkatkan keragaman genetik purwoceng memerlukan aplikasi<br />teknologi alternatif yang mampu membentuk keragaman baru. Tujuan<br />penelitian adalah untuk meningkatkan keragaman genetik dan toleransi<br />purwoceng terhadap cekaman suhu tinggi melalui iradiasi dan seleksi in<br />vitro. Tahapan penelitian meliputi induksi mutasi kalus embriogenik<br />dengan sinar gamma, seleksi in vitro dengan cekaman suhu tinggi, induksi<br />perakaran  somaklon  putatif,  analisis  keragaman  genetik  secara<br />flowcytometry, dan aklimatisasi somaklon putatif. Iradiasi dilakukan pada<br />dosis 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, dan 5 Krad sedangkan seleksi in vitro dilakukan pada<br />tiga level suhu (20, 25, dan 30 0 C). Induksi perakaran dilakukan dalam dua<br />tahap, dengan menggunakan media DKW atau MS yang mengandung<br />sukrosa 3-6% dengan penambahan IBA atau NAA taraf 0,5-1,5 ppm. Hasil<br />penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kalus purwoceng mampu bertahan hidup<br />pada dosis iradiasi tertinggi (5 Krad). Meningkatnya dosis iradiasi<br />cenderung meningkatkan pendewasaan embrio somatik. Pada tahap seleksi<br />in vitro, kalus purwoceng mampu tumbuh pada kondisi suhu tertinggi<br />(30 0 C). Tingkat proliferasi kalus yang tinggi dan jumlah embrio somatik<br />terbanyak diperoleh dari perlakuan suhu 25 0 C. Embrio somatik yang<br />terbentuk dari perlakuan suhu tinggi tersebut merupakan kandidat<br />somaklon yang toleran suhu tinggi pada lingkungan dataran rendah.<br />Diantara embrio somatik yang terbentuk, hanya embrio yang berasal dari<br />perlakuan suhu 20 0 C saja yang berhasil membentuk planlet. Media yang<br />terbaik untuk induksi perakaran adalah media MS yang mengandung<br />sukrosa 4% dengan penambahan NAA 1,5 ppm. Analisis ploidi pada daun<br />embrio somatik menunjukkan terbentuknya varian yang bersifat tetraploid<br />(4x).<br />Kata kunci: Pimpinella pruatjan, iradiasi sinar gamma, seleksi in vitro,<br />keragaman genetik, suhu tinggi</p><p>ABSTRACT<br />To improve new pruatjan genetic variations, the alternative<br />technology should be applied. The objective of the research was to increase<br />pruatjan genetic variation and tolerance to the high temperature through<br />induced mutation and in vitro selection. The steps of this study were induced<br />mutation of embryogenic callus by gamma irradiation, in vitro selection, root<br />induction of putative somaclones, genetic variation analysis by flowcytometer,<br />and putative somaclones acclimatization. The dosages of gamma irradiation<br />were 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 Krad. In vitro selection was conducted at three<br />temperatures (20, 25, and 30 0 C). The root induction was conducted in two<br />steps by using DKW or MS media containing of 3-6% sucrose with<br />addition of 0.5-1.5 ppm IBA or NAA. The result showed that embryogenic<br />calli could survive after treatment of the highest gamma irradiation dose. It<br />tends to increase the maturation of somatic embryos. During in vitro<br />selection, embryogenic calli could grow at the highest temperature but the<br />highest callus proliferation and the number of somatic embryos were<br />obtained from 25 0 C. The somatic embryos survived and grew at the high<br />temperature are assumed as somaclones which considered as the<br />candidates of tolerant plants to high temperature that can be developed in<br />the of low altitude area. Among the regenerated somatic embryos, only the<br />20 0 C-derived embryos were successfully form plantlets. The best medium<br />for root induction was MS basal medium containing of 4% sucrose<br />supplemented with 1.5 ppm NAA. The ploidy analysis of somatic embryos<br />leaf showed a tetraploid (4x) variant.<br />Key words: Pimpinella pruatjan, gamma irradiation, in vitro selection,<br />genetic variation, high temperature</p>

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