scholarly journals Romania – Dimensions of Regional Cultural Specificity

2013 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-32
Author(s):  
Angelica Nicoleta Neculăesei
Keyword(s):  
Exploratory Analysis ◽  
Cultural Dimensions ◽  
Cultural Inheritance ◽  
Cultural Specificity ◽  
Ethical Approaches ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
Intercultural Research ◽  
Cultural Positioning

Abstract An increasing importance is given to intercultural research in management. The cultural “inheritance” of individuals is of interest to us from a double perspective: a) to avoid problems that can arise from ignoring their value profile, b) for valuing it by positive “exploitation”. Cultural positioning is achieved by comparisons made according to certain criteria (cultural dimensions). They are known in the literature and for ethical approaches they emphasize cultural similarities and differences. Although they largely reflect the values of culture, they can not cover issues that come from the known sphere for the ones who propose them. Based on this idea, in this study we have adapted cultural dimensions to the Romanian cultural specificity elements, based on a comprehensive inventory of values, developed following a diachronic exploratory analysis. Furthermore, we have proposed two new dimensions that reflect regional specificities.

Cultural evolution and cultural psychology

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alex Mesoudi
Keyword(s):  
Cultural History ◽  
Cultural Evolution ◽  
Cultural Transmission ◽  
Cultural Psychology ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Cultural Dimensions ◽  
Human Cognition ◽  
Cultural Variation ◽  
Cultural Inheritance ◽  
Human Psychology

Cultural evolution is a branch of the evolutionary sciences which assumes that (i) human cognition and behaviour is shaped not only by genetic inheritance, but also cultural inheritance (also known as social learning), and (ii) this cultural inheritance constitutes a Darwinian evolutionary system that can be analysed and studied using tools borrowed from evolutionary biology. In this chapter I explore the numerous compatibilities between the fields of cultural evolution and cultural psychology, and the potential mutual benefits from their closer alignment. First, understanding the evolutionary context within which human psychology emerged gives added significance to the findings of cultural psychologists, which reinforce the conclusion reached by cultural evolution scholars that humans inhabit a ‘cultural niche’ within which the major means of adaptation to difference environments is cultural, rather than genetic. Hence, we should not be surprised that human psychology shows substantial cross-cultural variation. Second, a focus on cultural transmission pathways, drawing on cultural evolution models and empirical research, can help to explain to the maintenance of, and potential changes in, cultural variation in psychological processes. Evidence from migrants, in particular, points to a mix of vertical, oblique and horizontal cultural transmission that can explain the differential stability of different cultural dimensions. Third, cultural evolutionary methods offer powerful means of testing historical (“macro-evolutionary”) hypotheses put forward by cultural psychologists for the origin of psychological differences. Explanations in terms of means of subsistence, rates of environmental change or pathogen prevalence can be tested using quantitative models and phylogenetic analyses that can be used to reconstruct cultural lineages. Evolutionary considerations also point to potential problems with current cross-country comparisons conducted within cultural psychology, such as the non-independence of data points due to shared cultural history. Finally, I argue that cultural psychology can play a central role in a synthetic evolutionary science of culture, providing valuable links between individual-oriented disciplines such as experimental psychology and neuroscience on the one hand, and society-oriented disciplines such as anthropology, history and sociology on the other, all within an evolutionary framework that provides links to the biological sciences.

Unveiling Culturally Diverse Markets

2015 ◽  
pp. 1011-1032
Author(s):  
Joyce Koeman
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Minority ◽  
Culturally Diverse ◽  
Personal Values ◽  
National Level ◽  
Cultural Dimensions ◽  
Advertising Research ◽  
Self Construal ◽  
Personal Level ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
Beliefs And Attitudes

Although culture is often recognized as a multi-leveled construct, it is mostly examined at the macro (national) level, for instance, by cross-national comparisons on specific cultural dimensions. Consequently, the heterogeneity within culturally diverse societies such as that found in Flanders is often overlooked. Therefore, this study examines cultural variability among ethnic minority and majority youngsters in Flanders at the personal level by mapping their personal values and self-construal. By doing so, a typology of a culturally diverse youth market is formed based on the similarities and differences in the personal values and self-construal among ethnic minority and majority youngsters. This typology is used to examine the advertising beliefs and attitudes of distinct subgroups and to assess the relevance of values and self-construal for both advertising research and the emerging practices of ethnic and diversity marketing.

scholarly journals Portrait of The Minangkabau Culture According to Hofstede’s Six Cultural Dimensions

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dwi Rini Sovia Firdaus ◽  
Djuara P.Lubis ◽  
Djoko Susanto ◽  
Endriatmo Soetarto
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Values ◽  
Quantitative Study ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Life Experiences ◽  
Cultural Dimensions ◽  
Cultural Inheritance ◽  
Family Unit ◽  
Parental Characteristics ◽  
Core Value ◽  
Simple Summation

<p>ABSTRACT<br />The shifting local cultural values often become a discourse in discussing the effects of globalization influx. But in Minangkabau these concerns can still be ruled out, thanks to the power of ‘study to nature’ philosophy. This is a custom rule that should not be changed. This study raises the popularity of the Hofstede’s concept and uses the six cultural dimensions to map out the differences in parental characteristics based on rural versus semi-urban areas, family typology and life experiences. It also analyzes the response of adolescents towards culture inheritance based on their birthplace. This quantitative study uses a simple summation operation with 106 sample respondents. Each respondent is a family unit consisting of a father, a mother, and adolescent(s) aged 10-19 years. The low score of LTO indicates that the inheritance of Minangkabau cultural values has been going on for some time by parents to their teenagers. Low UAI and IVR scores do not conflict with Minangkabau cultural tenet, although according to Hofstede this condition needs a revamping. Supposedly the value of matrilineal culture is taught by a Minang mother and her brother. However, anomalies were found in non-Minang father and Minang mother (nMF+MM) due to the absence of the mother’s brother in educating his nephew.<br />Keywords: Hofstede’s six cultural dimensions, core value, cultural inheritance</p><p><br />ABSTRAK<br />Peristiwa pergeseran nilai budaya lokal sering menjadi wacana dalam membahas akibat dari masuknya pengaruh globalisasi. Namun di Minangkabau kekuatiran ini masih bisa dikesampingkan berkat kekuatan dari penerapan filosofi berguru pada alam. Ini merupakan aturan adat yang tidak boleh berubah. Penelitian ini mengangkat kembali kepopuleran konsep Hofstede dan menggunakan keenam dimensi budayanya untuk memetakan perbedaan karakteristik orang tua berdasarkan daerah tempat tinggal, tipologi keluarga dan pengalaman. Penelitian juga menganalisis respon remaja terhadap pewarisan budaya berdasarkan tempat lahirnya. Penelitian kuantitatif ini menggunakan operasi penjumlahan sederhana dengan 106 sampel responden. Masing-masing responden merupakan satu unit keluarga yang terdiri dari ayah, ibu, dan remaja berusia 10-19 tahun. Ukuran LTO yang rendah merupakan indikator telah berjalannya upaya pewarisan nilai budaya Minangkabau selama beberapa saat oleh orang tua kepada anak remajanya. Namun skor UAI dan IVR yang rendah tidak bertentangan dengan ajaran budaya Minangkabau, meskipun menurut Hofstede kondisi ini memerlukan pembenahan. Seharusnya nilai budaya matrilineal diajarkan oleh seorang ibu Minang dan saudara laki-lakinya. Namun ditemukan anomali pada keluarga ayah non-Minang dan ibu Minang (AnM+IM) karena terjadi kevakuman peran dari saudara laki-laki ibu dalam mendidik keponakannya.<br />Kata kunci: keenam dimensi budaya Hofstede, nilai inti, pewarisan budaya</p>

scholarly journals Corporate Environmental Disclosure Practices in Different National Contexts: The Influence of Cultural Dimensions

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 597-623 ◽  
Author(s):  
María Consuelo Pucheta-Martínez ◽  
Isabel Gallego-Álvarez
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Factors ◽  
Environmental Information ◽  
Cultural Dimensions ◽  
Environmental Reporting ◽  
Economic Sectors ◽  
Environmental Disclosure ◽  
Cultural Aspects ◽  
Cultural Framework ◽  
Similarities And Differences

The influence of different national contexts, including the effects of cultural environments, on corporate environmental disclosure practices has yet to be properly addressed in the literature. The purpose of this research is, therefore, to analyse how cultural factors affect the environmental disclosure practices of companies in different countries. This research is supported by the diversity of cultures across countries. Given that a cultural framework prompts different organisational actions and strategies, the question to be answered through this research is as follows: How do cultural aspects affect corporate environmental disclosure? Cultural factors are precisely those that can explain similarities and differences between stakeholders’ actions and preferences. The sample used in this research comprises companies in 28 countries and 9 economic sectors for the period 2004 to 2015. Our main findings show that companies operating in countries with individualist, masculine and indulgent cultures are less likely to disclose environmental information. Contrary to our predictions, cultures with a long-term orientation also discourage the reporting of environmental information, while uncertainty avoidance contexts tend to promote more environmental reporting.

Ethik auf der Grundlage von Gefühl oder Vernunft? Zur Rolle moralischer Gefühle bei Hume und Kant

Conceptus ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 38 (93) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dagmar Fenner
Keyword(s):  
Moral Emotions ◽  
Moral Sense ◽  
Moral Norms ◽  
Moral Law ◽  
Evaluative Judgments ◽  
Motivational Aspect ◽  
Ethical Approaches ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The One

SummaryThis article pursues the question of the significance of moral emotions by exhibiting the similarities and differences of ethical approaches as diverse as Kant’s and Hume’s. What will be shown through this contrast are aspects often overlooked in these approaches. So, one must agree that on the one hand Kant’s idea of the force of moral law as being (necessarily) intertwined with the feeling of respect for others suffers from a lacking support by experience, whereas his ideas about the formation and cultivation of a ” moral sense“ undoubtedly have such a support. Hume’s theory on the other hand appeals to emotions in order to make explainable our having moral evaluations but falls short when it comes to account for the content of emotions said to be responsible for evaluative judgments. Both accounts therefore can be said to suffer from an unsatisfying explanation of the motivational aspect of moral norms that is due to an unsatisfying conceptualization of the difference between reason and emotions.

scholarly journals Cross-cultural Analysis of Main Economic Partners of the Republic of Moldova

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-181
Author(s):  
Angela Pirlog ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Analysis ◽  
Cultural Dimensions ◽  
Added Value ◽  
External Control ◽  
Republic Of Moldova ◽  
Cultural Specificity ◽  
The Republic ◽  
International Interactions ◽  
Synchronous Time

The paper represents a comparative study of national culture features of the main commercial partners of the Republic of Moldova and the countries preferred by Moldovan citizens to emigrate: Romania, Russia, Italy and Germany. The research focused on two cultural bipolar models: Hofstede, which comprises six cultural dimensions: individualism vs. collectivism, power distance, uncertainty avoidance, masculinity vs. femininity, long-term vs. short-term orientation, indulgence vs. restraint, and Trompenaars-Hampden-Turner, which contains seven dimensions: universalism vs. particularism, individualism vs. communitarianism, neutral vs. emotional, specific vs. diffuse, achievement vs. ascription, sequential time vs. synchronous time, internal vs. external control. The established similarities and differences, knowledge of cultural specificity in international interactions, both social and economic, is an added value for individuals to successfully integrate and fit into a society, other than their native, and for businesses to be successfully managed on international level.

scholarly journals A Cross-cultural Comparison of Chinese and American Tourists’ Satisfaction with Chengdu

2021 ◽  
Vol 251 ◽  
pp. 03026
Author(s):  
Xueqian Liu
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Word Of Mouth ◽  
Online Reviews ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Cultural Dimensions ◽  
Cultural Comparison ◽  
Cross Cultural Comparison ◽  
Inbound Tourism ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
Tourist Information

Compared with China’s domestic and outbound tourism, China’s inbound tourism has developed relatively slowly. An understanding of cultural similarities and differences can support destination managers in formulating strategies and increase the satisfaction of inbound tourists. As one of the best tourist cities in China, Chengdu is an important destination for inbound tourists. Meanwhile, American tourists are the major source of tourists for Chengdu’s inbound tourism. Based on the Cultural Dimensions Theory proposed by Hofstede, this research focuses on a cross-cultural comparison of two important markets for Chengdu tourism: Chinese and American tourists. In addition, electronic word-of-mouth (E-WOM) has become an important source of tourist information, the analysis of E-WOM may provide more insights into users’ feelings than questionnaires. This study uses content analysis to quantify online reviews and importance performance analysis to compare the importance and satisfaction of Chinese and American tourists with destination attributes. The results clearly show the comparison between the two groups in destination assessment.

scholarly journals Similarities and differences in business culture in the people’s Republic of China and the Republic of Serbia

2014 ◽  
pp. 863-873
Author(s):  
Katarina Zakic ◽  
Sun Xinquan
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Dimensions ◽  
Business Culture ◽  
Difficult Situation ◽  
Mutual Cooperation ◽  
Republic Of China ◽  
Doing Business ◽  
The People ◽  
World Economic ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
The Republic

World economic crisis has affected the whole world including Serbia. Among various strategies used for improving this difficult situation, Serbian Government primarily focuses on attracting foreign investments. One of the possible future investors could be, among other countries, the People?s Republic of China. At present, Serbian Government is trying to help Chinese investors in Serbia, but there is still a need for better understanding of how Chinese businessmen work, negotiate and make deals. The main goal of this paper is to present similarities and differences in business culture in China and Serbia in order to define possibilities for mutual cooperation. The methodology of this paper is based on cultural dimensions research made by Hofstede. His national dimensions of culture can be used for explanation of specific types of business culture in China and Serbia. The data from this research will show similari?ties and differences in business culture in these two countries, and also some suggestions are made with regard to improving mutual understanding and doing business.

scholarly journals Pragmatic Identity in China and the US Real Estate Advertising: Critical Pragmatic Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 393-404
Author(s):  
Elin Xu
Keyword(s):  
Real Estate ◽  
Cultural Dimensions ◽  
Hierarchy Of Needs ◽  
Linguistic Resources ◽  
Maslow's Hierarchy Of Needs ◽  
Pragmatic Analysis ◽  
Hofstede’S Cultural Dimensions ◽  
The Us ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
Real Estate Advertising

This research attempts to find out similarities and differences of values through comparison of pragmatic identities constructed in china real estate advertising and that in the US real estate advertising. The study selected 50 Chinese and 50 American electrical real estate advertising.to analyze pragmatic identities constructed in these advertisements and concluded 16 kinds of identities. Both American and Chinese advertisers tend to presuppose consumers’ identity to advertise real estate although explicit linguistic resources regarding identity such as champion are also used to construct identity. Advertisers tend to appeal and provoke consumers’ purchase desire so that they construct different identities according to Maslow’s hierarchy of needs especially belonging (love) and self-realization needs. As regard to differences of identities embodied in Chinese and American real estate advertising, Hofstede’s cultural dimensions are adopted to explain.

scholarly journals CULTUROLOGICAL DIMENSIONS OF ARTISTIC IMAGE

2017 ◽  
pp. 12-18
Author(s):  
M. M. Brovko
Keyword(s):  
Social Practice ◽  
Cultural Development ◽  
Cultural Dimensions ◽  
The Other ◽  
Specific Element ◽  
Modern Culture ◽  
Cultural Specificity ◽  
Artistic Images ◽  
The One ◽  
Artistic Image

Research of the cultural artistic image is the issue of the nowadays of contemporary aesthetics. As a result, of that value that is acquired by artistic images in a modern culture, and new creative opportunities of cultural development, in the sphere of arts that is predefined by new realities in the field of cultural existence of man in the world. In Ukrainian scienctific research withstand and accept thesis the point that art, mainly in the formof image, becomes active, culturecreative force that acts directly on spiritual-emotional world of a person. At the sametime, culture-creative activity of art can appear beyond and pose vivid embodiment of artistic idea. A work of art is able to reflect theoretical, moral, legal and other public ideas that can influence on people exactly in such their hypostasis. To a large extent relying on modern, and not only modern, artistic practice, and taking into account theoretical works, we can confidently talk about the levels of vividness of art and levels of activity, cultural-creative nature of art. An important moment in terms of clarifying the cultural specificity of the artistic image is that it, thanks to its content, is constantly includedin the structure of social practice. In order to outline the way of analyzing the artistic image as a special phenomenon of culture the essential features of which are expressed in its cultural potential, it is firstly necessary to understand what the image represents an integral cultural and spiritual formation that has certain properties and qualities distinguishing it from all other spiritual phenomena. It is necessary to clarify the structuraland typological features, which, on the one hand, characterize it as a specific element of art, and on the other – contain something that constantly displays the artistic image beyond the boundaries of art. The concept of the "image-action" is able to grasp by its content a number of artistic features that characterize it, on the one hand, as a way of spiritual and practical mastering by a person of reality in accordance with all the consequences that stem from this feature ofart. With the other – with the possibilities of analysis open from the standpoint of its active being in society as a phenomenon of culture, its cultural dimensions.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document