scholarly journals Large-scale hyperspectral image compression via sparse representations based on online learning

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 197-207 ◽  
Author(s):  
İrem Ülkü ◽  
Ersin Kizgut
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Hyperspectral Image ◽  
Optimization Algorithms ◽  
Hyperspectral Images ◽  
Learning Method ◽  
Compression Performance ◽  
Online Dictionary Learning ◽  
The One ◽  
Hyperspectral Image Compression ◽  
First Time

AbstractIn this study, proximity based optimization algorithms are used for lossy compression of hyperspectral images that are inherently large scale. This is the first time that such proximity based optimization algorithms are implemented with an online dictionary learning method. Compression performances are compared with the one obtained by various sparse representation algorithms. As a result, proximity based optimization algorithms are listed among the three best ones in terms of compression performance values for all hyperspectral images. Additionally, the applicability of anomaly detection is tested on the reconstructed images.

scholarly journals Spatial–Spectral Evidence of Glare Influence on Hyperspectral Acquisitions

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (16) ◽  
pp. 4374
Author(s):  
Alberto Signoroni ◽  
Mauro Conte ◽  
Alice Plutino ◽  
Alessandro Rizzi
Keyword(s):  
Hyperspectral Image ◽  
Imaging System ◽  
Reflectance Spectra ◽  
Hyperspectral Images ◽  
Imaging Systems ◽  
Light Sources ◽  
Optical Phenomenon ◽  
Lighting Conditions ◽  
First Time ◽  
Glare Effect

Glare is an unwanted optical phenomenon which affects imaging systems with optics. This paper presents for the first time a set of hyperspectral image (HSI) acquisitions and measurements to verify how glare affects acquired HSI data in standard conditions. We acquired two ColorCheckers (CCs) in three different lighting conditions, with different backgrounds, different exposure times, and different orientations. The reflectance spectra obtained from the imaging system have been compared to pointwise reference measures obtained with contact spectrophotometers. To assess and identify the influence of glare, we present the Glare Effect (GE) index, which compares the contrast of the grayscale patches of the CC in the hyperspectral images with the contrast of the reference spectra of the same patches. We evaluate, in both spatial and spectral domains, the amount of glare affecting every hyperspectral image in each acquisition scenario, clearly evidencing an unwanted light contribution to the reflectance spectra of each point, which increases especially for darker pixels and pixels close to light sources or bright patches.

scholarly journals “Unexpectedly British”: accentuation of THE nationally English in Edward Elgar’s “Fa lstaff”

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (24) ◽  
pp. 37-53
Author(s):  
Lysychka Oleksandr
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Musical Language ◽  
Linear Type ◽  
Dramatic Works ◽  
National Tradition ◽  
Henry Iv ◽  
Musical Thinking ◽  
The One ◽  
In The Beginning ◽  
First Time

Statement of the problem. The relevance of the article lies in revealing the peculiarities of the composer’s way of appeal to the national cultural heritage. The aim of the study is to determine the principles of embodiment of “the nationally English” in the symphonic etude “Falstaff” by Edward Elgar. The main method of the research is drawing parallels, on the one hand, and between the embodiment of the English national character through the image of Falstaff in musical and dramatic works, on the other. Research results. A conclusion is made that the main factor creating strong ties between the “symphonic etude” and the national tradition is spectacular national characterisation. Moreover, for the sake of applying the “English” the composer consciously and significantly changes his musical language. The author turns to very detailed programme (unlike general type of programness in most of his works), and that allows him to scrupulously depict the plot of Shakespeare’s chronicle on which he focuses on. Elgar also portrays overtly humoristic situations, for the first time in his symphonic works, because it would be impossible to disregard this side of Falstaff’s character, as it is the contrast of comical in the beginning and solemn in the denouement that create the tragic effect. The structural side of the composition is also unprecedented as it is formally has one movement, but the composer himself divides it in four parts (ignoring the arrangement of events in “Henry IV” in two parts) while all the parts are connected in various ways. As a result of this, “Falstaff” becomes the longest single-movement symphonic composition of Elgar. The composer favours linear type of musical thinking, integrating it with sudden “flashes” of thematically significant elements in different strata of the texture, and this all combined provides completely lush, unpredictable sonority of the orchestra. On the top of this, the author extensively uses themes with obvious genre genesis, especially in order to depict Shallow’s Gardens, although it is possible to find more traditional for Elgar passages with generalised type of intonation. Such characteristic for Elgar principles, as multi-thematism and elusion of the tonal centralisation (while using quite traditional chords in every given moment) find their new meaning regarding illustrative role of the music. A conclusion is made that the “Britishness” of the symphonic etude lies not in the use of folk intonations or allusions to the past of professional music, but in meticulous attention to W. Shakespeare’s text: both on levels of portraying or interaction between the “characters” and form-creating according to the scenes. Despite the fact that E. Elgar’s musical language seems to be quite distant from Falstaff’s comical essence, the composer was able to find means adequate to the character’s image, such as “wandering” tonal structure; superficial, but rather important analogy between quite large scale of a single-movement work and Falstaff’s body image; narrative orchestration.

Fast Hyperspectral Image Encoder Based on Supervised Multimodal Scheme

2020 ◽  
pp. 2150007
Author(s):  
Leila Akrour ◽  
Soltane Ameur ◽  
Mourad Lahdir ◽  
Régis Fournier ◽  
Amine Nait Ali
Keyword(s):  
Wavelet Transform ◽  
Hyperspectral Image ◽  
Rate Distortion ◽  
Image Data ◽  
Hyperspectral Images ◽  
High Dimensional ◽  
3D Wavelet Transform ◽  
Data Volume ◽  
Hyperspectral Image Compression ◽  
Multimodal Method

Many compression methods, lossy or lossless, were developed for 3D hyperspectral images, and various standards have emerged and applied to these amounts of data in order to achieve the best rate-distortion performance. However, high-dimensional data volume of hyperspectal images is problematic for compression and decompression time. Nowadays, fast compression and especially fast decompression algorithms are of primary importance in image data applications. In this case, we present a lossy hyperspectral image compression based on supervised multimodal scheme in order to improve the compression results. The supervised multimodal method is used to reduce the amount of data before their compression with the 3D-SPIHT encoder based on 3D wavelet transform. The performance of the Supervised Multimodal Compression (SMC-3D-SPIHT encoder) has been evaluated on AVIRIS hyperspectral images. Experimental results indicate that the proposed algorithm provides very promising performance at low bit-rates while reducing the encoding/decoding time.

Hyperspectral image compression using hybrid transform with different wavelet-based transform coding

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (01) ◽  
pp. 1941008 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Nagendran ◽  
A. Vasuki
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Data ◽  
Hyperspectral Image ◽  
Spatial Dimension ◽  
Image Resolution ◽  
Hyperspectral Images ◽  
Experimental Result ◽  
Spectral Bands ◽  
Karhunen Loeve Transform ◽  
Hyperspectral Image Compression ◽  
Integer Wavelet

Hyperspectral image resolution offers limited spectral bands within a continual spectral spectrum, creating one of the spectra of most pixels inside the sequence which contains huge volume of data. Data transmission and storage is a challenging task. Compression of hyperspectral images are inevitable. This work proposes a Hyperspectral Image (HSI) compression using Hybrid Transform. First the HSI is decomposed into 1D and it is clustered and tiled. Each cluster is applied with Integer Karhunen–Loeve Transform (IKLT) and as such it is applied for whole image to get IKLT bands in spectral dimension. Then IKLT bands are applied with Integer Wavelet Transform (IDWT) to decorrelate the spatial data in spatial dimension. The combination of IKLT and IDWT is known as Hybrid transform. Second, the decorrelated wavelet coefficients are applied to Spatial-oriention Tree Wavelet (STW), Wavelet Difference Reduction (WDR) and Adaptively Scanned Wavelet Difference Reduction (ASWDR). The experimental result shows STW algorithm using Hybrid Transform gives better PSNR (db) and bits per pixel per band (bpppb) for hyperspectral images. The comparison between STW, WDR and ASWDR with Hybrid Transform for Indian Pines, Salinas, Botswana, Botswana and KSC images is experimented.

scholarly journals Encoding Spectral-Spatial Features for Hyperspectral Image Classification in the Satellite Internet of Things System

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (18) ◽  
pp. 3561
Author(s):  
Ning Lv ◽  
Zhen Han ◽  
Chen Chen ◽  
Yijia Feng ◽  
Tao Su ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Image Classification ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Hyperspectral Image ◽  
Remote Sensing Data ◽  
Hyperspectral Images ◽  
Hyperspectral Image Classification ◽  
Spatial Features

Hyperspectral image classification is essential for satellite Internet of Things (IoT) to build a large scale land-cover surveillance system. After acquiring real-time land-cover information, the edge of the network transmits all the hyperspectral images by satellites with low-latency and high-efficiency to the cloud computing center, which are provided by satellite IoT. A gigantic amount of remote sensing data bring challenges to the storage and processing capacity of traditional satellite systems. When hyperspectral images are used in annotation of land-cover application, data dimension reduction for classifier efficiency often leads to the decrease of classifier accuracy, especially the region to be annotated consists of natural landform and artificial structure. This paper proposes encoding spectral-spatial features for hyperspectral image classification in the satellite Internet of Things system to extract features effectively, namely attribute profile stacked autoencoder (AP-SAE). Firstly, extended morphology attribute profiles EMAP is used to obtain spatial features of different attribute scales. Secondly, AP-SAE is used to extract spectral features with similar spatial attributes. In this stage the program can learn feature mappings, on which the pixels from the same land-cover class are mapped as closely as possible and the pixels from different land-cover categories are separated by a large margin. Finally, the program trains an effective classifier by using the network of the AP-SAE. Experimental results on three widely-used hyperspectral image (HSI) datasets and comprehensive comparisons with existing methods demonstrate that our proposed method can be used effectively in hyperspectral image classification.

scholarly journals Novel and Anti-Novel. Moretti Before Distant Reading

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 5-22
Author(s):  
Alex Cistelecan
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Rhetorical Analysis ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Distant Reading ◽  
Previous Decade ◽  
Capitalist World ◽  
The One ◽  
Intellectual Journey ◽  
First Time

The paper discusses an intermediary phase in Franco Moretti’s intellectual journey, namely the years 1990s. This is a period of transition in Moretti’s thinking, in which he is working simultaneously on two fronts: on the one hand, he is refining evermore and bringing to completion his specific brand of close reading analysis developed in the previous decade – namely the combination of evolutionary theory, formal-rhetorical analysis, and eclectic Marxism (with its highly unstable mix of Lukács, Wallerstein, and Della Volpe); on the other, he is forging for the first time the new tools and concepts of what will become, after 2000, his defining intellectual signature – the method of distant reading. The two undertakings correspond to two opposed literary objects: on the one hand, the novel – with its regularity of form, reproduction in large scale, centripetal movement, bourgeois imaginary, and national horizon; on the other, what we call the ‘anti-novel’, which is the modern epic in Moretti’s understanding – the few dozen ‘world-texts’, highly polymorphous and reproducible only in few and select occurrences, centrifugal in their movement, and transcending the national and bourgeois horizon, rooted as they are in the critical, semi-peripheral junctures of the capitalist world-system. The paper dwells on some of the oppositions and similarities, overlaps and contradictions, theoretical problems and practical solutions, raised or offered by the two methodological approaches and their corresponding literary objects.

scholarly journals Poultry and Wild Birds as a Reservoir of CMY-2 Producing Escherichia coli: The First Large-Scale Study in Greece

Antibiotics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 235
Author(s):  
Zoi Athanasakopoulou ◽  
Katerina Tsilipounidaki ◽  
Marina Sofia ◽  
Dimitris C. Chatzopoulos ◽  
Alexios Giannakopoulos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Wild Bird ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Wild Birds ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Confirmation Test ◽  
The One ◽  
Sulfonamide Resistance Genes ◽  
First Time

Resistance mediated by β-lactamases is a globally spread menace. The aim of the present study was to determine the occurrence of Escherichia coli producing plasmid-encoded AmpC β-lactamases (pAmpC) in animals. Fecal samples from chickens (n = 159), cattle (n = 104), pigs (n = 214), and various wild bird species (n = 168), collected from different Greek regions during 2018–2020, were screened for the presence of pAmpC-encoding genes. Thirteen E. coli displaying resistance to third-generation cephalosporins and a positive AmpC confirmation test were detected. blaCMY-2 was the sole pAmpC gene identified in 12 chickens’ and 1 wild bird (Eurasian magpie) isolates and was in all cases linked to an upstream ISEcp1-like element. The isolates were classified into five different sequence types: ST131, ST117, ST155, ST429, and ST1415. Four chickens’ stains were assigned to ST131, while five chickens’ strains and the one from the Eurasian magpie belonged to ST117. Seven pAmpC isolates co-harbored genes conferring resistance to tetracyclines (tetM, tetB, tetC, tetD), 3 carried sulfonamide resistance genes (sulI and sulII), and 10 displayed mutations in the quinolone resistance-determining regions of gyrA (S83L+D87N) and parC (S80I+E84V). This report provides evidence of pAmpC dissemination, describing for the first time the presence of CMY-2 in chickens and wild birds from Greece.

scholarly journals TWO IMAGES OF MAKARENKO'S MAIN OPPONENT: VARIABILITY OF VALENTINA DUCHEN'S LIFE PATH

2020 ◽  
pp. 55-67
Author(s):  
A. Tkachenko ◽  
O. Zhdanova-Nedilko
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Political Elite ◽  
Social Origin ◽  
Her Family ◽  
National Education ◽  
History Of ◽  
Life Path ◽  
The One ◽  
First Time ◽  
Managerial Activity

The article is devoted to the coverage of the eventful life path of A. Makarenko’s main ideological opponent – an active revolutionary, a well-known figure in national education, author of numerous pedagogical publications Valentina Diushen.The nature of V. Diushen's social origin and education, details of her revolutionary and educational-managerial activity, publishing activity are revealed, little-known biographical information about her family members is presented: the first husband – Borys Diushen, the second husband – Volodymyr Aussem, son – Ihor Diushen. The chronology of all known controversial moments of professional dialogue of V. Diushen and A. Makarenko is presented in detail. For the first time in the Makarenko literature, documentary evidence of A. Makarenko's reports on V. Duchen's affiliation with the Trotskyi opposition is presented.The set of found materials presents Valentina Diushen as a large-scale personality of a highly professional, active, able-bodied, and principled figure in the history of national education. However, it is the ambiguity, the contradiction of this figure that determines its opposed assessments by contemporaries.The conflict between Makarenko and Diushen must be viewed in two planes, the objective and the subjective. On the one hand, the tension of their professional relations as representatives of innovative pedagogy is evidence of the struggle that always accompanies the assertion of any new doctrine. On the other hand, both of these figures were extremely bright, original figures and, at the same time, extremely ambitious personalities. At the same time, the ambition and irresistibility of V. Diushen towards the self-confident but non-partisan head of the provincial institution were dictated by its administrative status, membership in the political elite, and metropolitan education and social background.So far, it is difficult to explain whether Diushen's opposition in any way influenced her pedagogical views, but it should be noted that A. Makarenko in his criticism of her makes a special emphasis on this circumstance.

Transgressive nature and chilled margins of the Upper Zone in the western Bushveld Complex, South Africa

2021 ◽  
Vol 59 (6) ◽  
pp. 1285-1303
Author(s):  
Sofya Yu. Chistyakova ◽  
Rais M. Latypov ◽  
F. Johan Kruger ◽  
Federica Zaccarini
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Bushveld Complex ◽  
Critical Zone ◽  
Open Pit ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Magma Sources ◽  
Lowermost Part ◽  
The One ◽  
First Time ◽  
Chamber Floor

ABSTRACT The Upper Zone of the Bushveld Complex has long been known to have formed from a major influx of magma into the chamber that caused large-scale erosion of the chamber floor cumulates. The most dramatic manifestations of this process are two major gap areas (Northern and Southern) in the western Bushveld Complex in which the Upper Zone appears to have eroded away the underlying cumulates down to the very base of the Complex. However, due to almost complete lack of outcrops in the gap areas, no direct field observations have ever been reported to confirm the transgressive nature of the Upper Zone. Here, we present for the first time such observations from the Kameelhoek chromite mine located at the margin of the Northern Gap. In the open pit we have documented several transgressive depressions (up to 40 m in width) in the orthopyroxenite and chromitites of the Lower Critical Zone that are filled in with magnetite gabbro of the Upper Zone. The magnetite gabbro is chilled against the sidewalls of the depressions, forming glassy and fine-grained textured rocks with plagioclase laths arranged in radial clusters. Mineralogically and chemically, the magnetite gabbro correlates with cumulates from the lowermost part of the Upper Zone at its normal position in the complex. Three major points that have emerged from this study are: (1) the Critical Zone has been eroded away by magma that was parental to the Upper Zone, (2) this eroding magma was not the one that initiated formation of the Pyroxenite Marker, but rather the evolved melt that replenished the chamber at some later stage, and (3) the melt was phenocryst-free and likely derived from a deep-seated staging chamber. Our study thus supports a recent notion that even during the formation of the Upper Zone, the Bushveld chamber had still been operating as an open system that was replenished by melts from deeper magma sources.

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