scholarly journals “Unexpectedly British”: accentuation of THE nationally English in Edward Elgar’s “Fa lstaff”

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (24) ◽  
pp. 37-53
Author(s):  
Lysychka Oleksandr
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Musical Language ◽  
Linear Type ◽  
Dramatic Works ◽  
National Tradition ◽  
Henry Iv ◽  
Musical Thinking ◽  
The One ◽  
In The Beginning ◽  
First Time

Statement of the problem. The relevance of the article lies in revealing the peculiarities of the composer’s way of appeal to the national cultural heritage. The aim of the study is to determine the principles of embodiment of “the nationally English” in the symphonic etude “Falstaff” by Edward Elgar. The main method of the research is drawing parallels, on the one hand, and between the embodiment of the English national character through the image of Falstaff in musical and dramatic works, on the other. Research results. A conclusion is made that the main factor creating strong ties between the “symphonic etude” and the national tradition is spectacular national characterisation. Moreover, for the sake of applying the “English” the composer consciously and significantly changes his musical language. The author turns to very detailed programme (unlike general type of programness in most of his works), and that allows him to scrupulously depict the plot of Shakespeare’s chronicle on which he focuses on. Elgar also portrays overtly humoristic situations, for the first time in his symphonic works, because it would be impossible to disregard this side of Falstaff’s character, as it is the contrast of comical in the beginning and solemn in the denouement that create the tragic effect. The structural side of the composition is also unprecedented as it is formally has one movement, but the composer himself divides it in four parts (ignoring the arrangement of events in “Henry IV” in two parts) while all the parts are connected in various ways. As a result of this, “Falstaff” becomes the longest single-movement symphonic composition of Elgar. The composer favours linear type of musical thinking, integrating it with sudden “flashes” of thematically significant elements in different strata of the texture, and this all combined provides completely lush, unpredictable sonority of the orchestra. On the top of this, the author extensively uses themes with obvious genre genesis, especially in order to depict Shallow’s Gardens, although it is possible to find more traditional for Elgar passages with generalised type of intonation. Such characteristic for Elgar principles, as multi-thematism and elusion of the tonal centralisation (while using quite traditional chords in every given moment) find their new meaning regarding illustrative role of the music. A conclusion is made that the “Britishness” of the symphonic etude lies not in the use of folk intonations or allusions to the past of professional music, but in meticulous attention to W. Shakespeare’s text: both on levels of portraying or interaction between the “characters” and form-creating according to the scenes. Despite the fact that E. Elgar’s musical language seems to be quite distant from Falstaff’s comical essence, the composer was able to find means adequate to the character’s image, such as “wandering” tonal structure; superficial, but rather important analogy between quite large scale of a single-movement work and Falstaff’s body image; narrative orchestration.

scholarly journals “En komponerende Dame”. Modtagelsen af Nancy Dalbergs musik i samtiden

2014 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisbeth Ahlgren Jensen
Keyword(s):  
Chamber Music ◽  
Women Artists ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Musical Language ◽  
Music Criticism ◽  
Musical Life ◽  
Sexual Ideology ◽  
Orchestral Works ◽  
The One ◽  
In The Beginning

The article takes the form of an examination of the newspaper reviews of the first performances of Nancy Dalberg’s compositions in the years 1915 to 1937. In doing so, the aim was to find out why on the one hand she was considered one of her time’s foremost female composers but on the other hand has almost completely vanished from view in subsequent musical life. Newspaper reviewers generally devoted her great attention and in the beginning offered constructive criticism, considering her both talented and skilled in composition. But when in 1918 she offered herself as a symphonic composer, the critical tone became sharper, even though there was amazement that a woman should try her strength with such a prestigious musical genre as the symphony. However, lack of performance opportunities meant that she ceased to express herself in large-scale orchestral works but concentrated on composing chamber music and songs. The criticism of the songs in particular reveals an expectation that as a woman she should be expressing herself in a particularly feminine musical language, with an emphasis on the emotional and singable, but as she did nothing to meet these expectations, she was subjected to a rough ride. Close reading of newspaper critics shows that it was acceptable in society for a woman to manifest herself as an artist but that she was expected to express herself in a particular way which would not assail the prevailing conception of femininity. In other words, music criticism was characterised by a sexual ideology which prevented it from evaluating Nancy Dalberg’s compositions objectively. As a result her creative efforts were not taken seriously and gradually she lost the confidence to present herself as a composer. Apparently value-neutral criticism thus proves to be both a communicator of sexual ideology and responsible for maintaining a particular view of women artists.

scholarly journals Novel and Anti-Novel. Moretti Before Distant Reading

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 5-22
Author(s):  
Alex Cistelecan
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Rhetorical Analysis ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Distant Reading ◽  
Previous Decade ◽  
Capitalist World ◽  
The One ◽  
Intellectual Journey ◽  
First Time

The paper discusses an intermediary phase in Franco Moretti’s intellectual journey, namely the years 1990s. This is a period of transition in Moretti’s thinking, in which he is working simultaneously on two fronts: on the one hand, he is refining evermore and bringing to completion his specific brand of close reading analysis developed in the previous decade – namely the combination of evolutionary theory, formal-rhetorical analysis, and eclectic Marxism (with its highly unstable mix of Lukács, Wallerstein, and Della Volpe); on the other, he is forging for the first time the new tools and concepts of what will become, after 2000, his defining intellectual signature – the method of distant reading. The two undertakings correspond to two opposed literary objects: on the one hand, the novel – with its regularity of form, reproduction in large scale, centripetal movement, bourgeois imaginary, and national horizon; on the other, what we call the ‘anti-novel’, which is the modern epic in Moretti’s understanding – the few dozen ‘world-texts’, highly polymorphous and reproducible only in few and select occurrences, centrifugal in their movement, and transcending the national and bourgeois horizon, rooted as they are in the critical, semi-peripheral junctures of the capitalist world-system. The paper dwells on some of the oppositions and similarities, overlaps and contradictions, theoretical problems and practical solutions, raised or offered by the two methodological approaches and their corresponding literary objects.

scholarly journals Poultry and Wild Birds as a Reservoir of CMY-2 Producing Escherichia coli: The First Large-Scale Study in Greece

Antibiotics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 235
Author(s):  
Zoi Athanasakopoulou ◽  
Katerina Tsilipounidaki ◽  
Marina Sofia ◽  
Dimitris C. Chatzopoulos ◽  
Alexios Giannakopoulos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Wild Bird ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Wild Birds ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Confirmation Test ◽  
The One ◽  
Sulfonamide Resistance Genes ◽  
First Time

Resistance mediated by β-lactamases is a globally spread menace. The aim of the present study was to determine the occurrence of Escherichia coli producing plasmid-encoded AmpC β-lactamases (pAmpC) in animals. Fecal samples from chickens (n = 159), cattle (n = 104), pigs (n = 214), and various wild bird species (n = 168), collected from different Greek regions during 2018–2020, were screened for the presence of pAmpC-encoding genes. Thirteen E. coli displaying resistance to third-generation cephalosporins and a positive AmpC confirmation test were detected. blaCMY-2 was the sole pAmpC gene identified in 12 chickens’ and 1 wild bird (Eurasian magpie) isolates and was in all cases linked to an upstream ISEcp1-like element. The isolates were classified into five different sequence types: ST131, ST117, ST155, ST429, and ST1415. Four chickens’ stains were assigned to ST131, while five chickens’ strains and the one from the Eurasian magpie belonged to ST117. Seven pAmpC isolates co-harbored genes conferring resistance to tetracyclines (tetM, tetB, tetC, tetD), 3 carried sulfonamide resistance genes (sulI and sulII), and 10 displayed mutations in the quinolone resistance-determining regions of gyrA (S83L+D87N) and parC (S80I+E84V). This report provides evidence of pAmpC dissemination, describing for the first time the presence of CMY-2 in chickens and wild birds from Greece.

scholarly journals TWO IMAGES OF MAKARENKO'S MAIN OPPONENT: VARIABILITY OF VALENTINA DUCHEN'S LIFE PATH

2020 ◽  
pp. 55-67
Author(s):  
A. Tkachenko ◽  
O. Zhdanova-Nedilko
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Political Elite ◽  
Social Origin ◽  
Her Family ◽  
National Education ◽  
History Of ◽  
Life Path ◽  
The One ◽  
First Time ◽  
Managerial Activity

The article is devoted to the coverage of the eventful life path of A. Makarenko’s main ideological opponent – an active revolutionary, a well-known figure in national education, author of numerous pedagogical publications Valentina Diushen.The nature of V. Diushen's social origin and education, details of her revolutionary and educational-managerial activity, publishing activity are revealed, little-known biographical information about her family members is presented: the first husband – Borys Diushen, the second husband – Volodymyr Aussem, son – Ihor Diushen. The chronology of all known controversial moments of professional dialogue of V. Diushen and A. Makarenko is presented in detail. For the first time in the Makarenko literature, documentary evidence of A. Makarenko's reports on V. Duchen's affiliation with the Trotskyi opposition is presented.The set of found materials presents Valentina Diushen as a large-scale personality of a highly professional, active, able-bodied, and principled figure in the history of national education. However, it is the ambiguity, the contradiction of this figure that determines its opposed assessments by contemporaries.The conflict between Makarenko and Diushen must be viewed in two planes, the objective and the subjective. On the one hand, the tension of their professional relations as representatives of innovative pedagogy is evidence of the struggle that always accompanies the assertion of any new doctrine. On the other hand, both of these figures were extremely bright, original figures and, at the same time, extremely ambitious personalities. At the same time, the ambition and irresistibility of V. Diushen towards the self-confident but non-partisan head of the provincial institution were dictated by its administrative status, membership in the political elite, and metropolitan education and social background.So far, it is difficult to explain whether Diushen's opposition in any way influenced her pedagogical views, but it should be noted that A. Makarenko in his criticism of her makes a special emphasis on this circumstance.

Transgressive nature and chilled margins of the Upper Zone in the western Bushveld Complex, South Africa

2021 ◽  
Vol 59 (6) ◽  
pp. 1285-1303
Author(s):  
Sofya Yu. Chistyakova ◽  
Rais M. Latypov ◽  
F. Johan Kruger ◽  
Federica Zaccarini
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Bushveld Complex ◽  
Critical Zone ◽  
Open Pit ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Magma Sources ◽  
Lowermost Part ◽  
The One ◽  
First Time ◽  
Chamber Floor

ABSTRACT The Upper Zone of the Bushveld Complex has long been known to have formed from a major influx of magma into the chamber that caused large-scale erosion of the chamber floor cumulates. The most dramatic manifestations of this process are two major gap areas (Northern and Southern) in the western Bushveld Complex in which the Upper Zone appears to have eroded away the underlying cumulates down to the very base of the Complex. However, due to almost complete lack of outcrops in the gap areas, no direct field observations have ever been reported to confirm the transgressive nature of the Upper Zone. Here, we present for the first time such observations from the Kameelhoek chromite mine located at the margin of the Northern Gap. In the open pit we have documented several transgressive depressions (up to 40 m in width) in the orthopyroxenite and chromitites of the Lower Critical Zone that are filled in with magnetite gabbro of the Upper Zone. The magnetite gabbro is chilled against the sidewalls of the depressions, forming glassy and fine-grained textured rocks with plagioclase laths arranged in radial clusters. Mineralogically and chemically, the magnetite gabbro correlates with cumulates from the lowermost part of the Upper Zone at its normal position in the complex. Three major points that have emerged from this study are: (1) the Critical Zone has been eroded away by magma that was parental to the Upper Zone, (2) this eroding magma was not the one that initiated formation of the Pyroxenite Marker, but rather the evolved melt that replenished the chamber at some later stage, and (3) the melt was phenocryst-free and likely derived from a deep-seated staging chamber. Our study thus supports a recent notion that even during the formation of the Upper Zone, the Bushveld chamber had still been operating as an open system that was replenished by melts from deeper magma sources.

scholarly journals Large-scale hyperspectral image compression via sparse representations based on online learning

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 197-207 ◽  
Author(s):  
İrem Ülkü ◽  
Ersin Kizgut
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Hyperspectral Image ◽  
Optimization Algorithms ◽  
Hyperspectral Images ◽  
Learning Method ◽  
Compression Performance ◽  
Online Dictionary Learning ◽  
The One ◽  
Hyperspectral Image Compression ◽  
First Time

AbstractIn this study, proximity based optimization algorithms are used for lossy compression of hyperspectral images that are inherently large scale. This is the first time that such proximity based optimization algorithms are implemented with an online dictionary learning method. Compression performances are compared with the one obtained by various sparse representation algorithms. As a result, proximity based optimization algorithms are listed among the three best ones in terms of compression performance values for all hyperspectral images. Additionally, the applicability of anomaly detection is tested on the reconstructed images.

Key Stages of the Formation of AlPO4-11 via Crystallization of Aluminophosphate Gel Prepared with Boehmite

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 6-13
Author(s):  
M. R. Agliullin ◽  
Z. R. Khairullina ◽  
A. V. Faizullin ◽  
A. I. Petrov ◽  
A. A. Badretdinova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Sieves ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Intermediate Phase ◽  
Strong Acid ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Stage Crystallization ◽  
Acid Centers ◽  
The One ◽  
Adsorption Desorption ◽  
First Time

The one-dimensional channel pore system and the moderately strong acid centers inherent in aluminophosphate (AlPO4-11) and silicoaluminophosphate (SAPO-11) molecular sieves make them promising catalyst for hydroisomerization of higher n-paraffins. However, the mechanism of crystallization of these materials is not well understood as yet. XRD,27Al and31P MAS NMR, lowtemperature adsorption-desorption of nitrogen, and SEM techniques were used for the first time for studying the stage crystallization of aluminophosphate AlPO4-11 for commercial boehmite based aluminium source. AlPO4-11 was shown to form via an intermediate phase based on layered crystalline aluminophosphate. It was established that highly crystalline and phase-pure AlPO4-11 was formed at 200 °C during 6 to 24 hours. When the crystallization at 200 °C lasted for more than two days, AlPO4-11 turned into non-porous cristobalite. The results obtained will be used for developing methods for deliberate control of the phase composition and crystallinity of industrially important silicoaluminophosphate sieves SAPO-11 with required properties to develop promising catalysts based thereon for large-scale processes of hydroisomerization of n-paraffins.

Scheming

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seán Damer
Keyword(s):  
Social Class ◽  
Housing Policy ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Class Structure ◽  
Local Council ◽  
Housing Scheme ◽  
Post War ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Voice ◽  
House Building

This book seeks to explain how the Corporation of Glasgow, in its large-scale council house-building programme in the inter- and post-war years, came to reproduce a hierarchical Victorian class structure. The three tiers of housing scheme which it constructed – Ordinary, Intermediate, and Slum-Clearance – effectively signified First, Second and Third Class. This came about because the Corporation uncritically reproduced the offensive and patriarchal attitudes of the Victorian bourgeoisie towards the working-class. The book shows how this worked out on the ground in Glasgow, and describes the attitudes of both authoritarian housing officials, and council tenants. This is the first time the voice of Glasgow’s council tenants has been heard. The conclusion is that local council housing policy was driven by unapologetic considerations of social class.

First grammar books in the Habsburg Monarchy: individual initiative and regulatory interference by the state (1760s–1770s)

2020 ◽  
Vol 2019 (2 (11)) ◽  
pp. 137-157
Author(s):  
Olga V. Khavanova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
State Policy ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Language Use ◽  
Linguistic Diversity ◽  
Mother Tongue ◽  
German Language ◽  
Habsburg Monarchy ◽  
Private Initiative ◽  
The One

The second half of the eighteenth century in the lands under the sceptre of the House of Austria was a period of development of a language policy addressing the ethno-linguistic diversity of the monarchy’s subjects. On the one hand, the sphere of use of the German language was becoming wider, embracing more and more segments of administration, education, and culture. On the other hand, the authorities were perfectly aware of the fact that communication in the languages and vernaculars of the nationalities living in the Austrian Monarchy was one of the principal instruments of spreading decrees and announcements from the central and local authorities to the less-educated strata of the population. Consequently, a large-scale reform of primary education was launched, aimed at making the whole population literate, regardless of social status, nationality (mother tongue), or confession. In parallel with the centrally coordinated state policy of education and language-use, subjects-both language experts and amateur polyglots-joined the process of writing grammar books, which were intended to ease communication between the different nationalities of the Habsburg lands. This article considers some examples of such editions with primary attention given to the correlation between private initiative and governmental policies, mechanisms of verifying the textbooks to be published, their content, and their potential readers. This paper demonstrates that for grammar-book authors, it was very important to be integrated into the patronage networks at the court and in administrative bodies and stresses that the Vienna court controlled the process of selection and financing of grammar books to be published depending on their quality and ability to satisfy the aims and goals of state policy.

The Green New Deal

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert C. Hockett
Keyword(s):  
New Deal ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Public Investment ◽  
Climate Science ◽  
Time Frame ◽  
White Paper ◽  
Good News ◽  
Carbon Neutrality ◽  
The One ◽  
In Virtue Of

This white paper lays out the guiding vision behind the Green New Deal Resolution proposed to the U.S. Congress by Representative Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez and Senator Bill Markey in February of 2019. It explains the senses in which the Green New Deal is 'green' on the one hand, and a new 'New Deal' on the other hand. It also 'makes the case' for a shamelessly ambitious, not a low-ball or slow-walked, Green New Deal agenda. At the core of the paper's argument lies the observation that only a true national mobilization on the scale of those associated with the original New Deal and the Second World War will be up to the task of comprehensively revitalizing the nation's economy, justly growing our middle class, and expeditiously achieving carbon-neutrality within the twelve-year time-frame that climate science tells us we have before reaching an environmental 'tipping point.' But this is actually good news, the paper argues. For, paradoxically, an ambitious Green New Deal also will be the most 'affordable' Green New Deal, in virtue of the enormous productivity, widespread prosperity, and attendant public revenue benefits that large-scale public investment will bring. In effect, the Green New Deal will amount to that very transformative stimulus which the nation has awaited since the crash of 2008 and its debt-deflationary sequel.

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