scholarly journals Effects of Modifying Agents on the Dyeability of Cotton Fabric using Malachite Green Dye

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isah A. Bello ◽  
Olugbenga S. Bello ◽  
Kayode A. Adegoke
Keyword(s):  
Malachite Green ◽  
Cotton Fabric ◽  
Acidic Solution ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Dye Uptake ◽  
Malachite Green Dye ◽  
Optimum Parameters ◽  
Environmental Friendly ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Time Required

AbstractChanges in thermodynamic parameters as a result of modifying agents on dye uptake of cotton fabric using malachite green (MG) dye was investigated in this study. Five modifying agents {Acetic acid (CH3COOH), hydrated Sodium carbonate (Na2CO3.10H2O), Sodium Chloride (NaCl), Ammonium sulphate ((NH4)2SO4) and Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)} were used on cotton fabric. The equilibrium exhaustions (%E) were determined before and after modification of the cotton fabric at different concentrations which were 88.24%, 80%, 77.14%, 65.10% and 30.88% for CH3COOH, NaCl, (NH4)2SO4, Na2CO3.10H2O and H2O2 respectively. The results also showed a correlation between the standard affinity(-Δμθ) of dye on cotton fabric and the equilibrium exhaustion. The values of entropy (ΔSθ) and enthalpy (ΔHθ) change revealed the feasibility (spontaneity) and exothermic nature of the reaction. The optimum parameters were attained in acidic solution (CH3COOH) at the highest temperature (70 °C) of dyeing as it showed the highest % efficiency of 88.24%. This work established that modification of cotton fabric with modifying agents is one of the best route to improve the affinity between dye and fabric as it reduces stress, amount of dyes wasted in dyeing, time required to achieve satisfactory results leading to a cost effective environmental friendly approach in the field of cotton dyeing.

scholarly journals Established an eco-friendly cotton fabric treating process with enhancing anti-wrinkle performance

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 155892502110034
Author(s):  
Xiongfang Luo ◽  
Pei Cheng ◽  
Wencong Wang ◽  
Jiajia Fu ◽  
Weidong Gao
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Citric Acid ◽  
Cotton Fabric ◽  
Crosslinking Agent ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Waterborne Polyurethane ◽  
Cotton Fabrics ◽  
Wrinkle Resistance ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Strength Retention

This study establishes an eco-friendly anti-wrinkle treating process for cotton fabric. Sodium hydroxide-liquid ammonia pretreatment followed by 6% (w/w) PU100 adding citric acid pad-cure-dry finishing. In this process, citric acid (CA) was used as the fundamental crosslinking agent during finishing because it is a non-formaldehyde based, cost-effective and well wrinkle resistance agent. Environmental-friendly waterborne polyurethane (WPU) was used as an additive to add to the CA finishing solution. Six commercial WPUs were systematically investigated. Fabric properties like wrinkle resistance, tensile strength retention, whiteness, durable press, softness, and wettability were well investigated. Fourier transform infrared spectra and X-ray diffraction spectra were also measured and discussed before and after adding waterborne polyurethane. Tentative mechanism of the interaction among the WPU, CA, and modified cotton fabrics is provided. The effect of cotton fabric pretreatment on fabric performance was also investigated. After the eco-process’s treatment, the fabric wrinkle resistant angle was upgraded to 271 ± 7°, tensile strength retention was maintained at 66.77% ± 3.50% and CIE whiteness was elevated to 52.13 ± 3.21, which are much better than the traditional CA anti-wrinkle finishing based on mercerized cotton fabrics. This study provides useful information for textile researchers and engineers.

scholarly journals Photocatalytic Degradation of Malachite Green Dye from Aqueous Solution Using Environmentally Compatible Ag/ZnO Polymeric Nanofibers

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (13) ◽  
pp. 2033
Author(s):  
Marwa F. Elkady ◽  
Hassan Shokry Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Photocatalytic Degradation ◽  
Malachite Green ◽  
Degradation Efficiency ◽  
Solution Flow Rate ◽  
Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
Electrospinning Technique ◽  
Malachite Green Dye ◽  
Polymeric Nanofibers ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Surface Modified

An efficient, environmentally compatible and highly porous, silver surface-modified photocatalytic zinc oxide/cellulose acetate/ polypyrrole ZnO/CA/Ppy hybrid nanofibers matrix was fabricated using an electrospinning technique. Electrospinning parameters such as solution flow rate, applied voltage and the distance between needles to collector were optimized. The optimum homogenous and uniform ZnO/CA/Ppy polymeric composite nanofiber was fabricated through the dispersion of 0.05% wt ZnO into the dissolved hybrid polymeric solution with an average nanofiber diameter ranged between 125 and 170 nm. The fabricated ZnO-polymeric nanofiber was further surface-immobilized with silver nanoparticles to enhance its photocatalytic activity through the reduction of the nanofiber bandgap. A comparative study between ZnO polymeric nanofiber before and after silver immobilization was investigated using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA). The photocatalytic degradation efficiency of the two different prepared nanofibers before and after nanosilver immobilization for malachite green (MG) dye was compared against various experimental parameters. The optimum degradation efficiency of nanosilver surface-modified ZnO-polymeric nanofibers was recorded as 93.5% for malachite green dye after 1 h compared with 63% for ZnO-polymeric nanofibers.

scholarly journals Adsorption of Malachite Green Dye by Acid Activated Carbon - Kinetic, Thermodynamic and Equilibrium Studies

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. K. Baskaran ◽  
B. R. Venkatraman ◽  
S. Arivoli
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Malachite Green ◽  
Physical Adsorption ◽  
Equilibrium Studies ◽  
First Order ◽  
Malachite Green Dye ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Intra Particle Diffusion ◽  
Uv Visible ◽  
Malachite Green Oxalate

The ability of zea mays dust carbon to remove malachite green from aqueous solutions has been studied for different adsorbate concentrations by varying the amount of adsorbent, temperature, pH and shaking time. Thermodynamic parameters such as ΔH°,ΔS°and ΔG°, were calculated from the slope and intercept of the linear plots. Analysis of adsorption results obtained at 303, 313, 323 and 333 K showed that the adsorption pattern on zea mays dust carbon seems to follow the Langmuir and Freundlich. The numerical values of sorption free energy indicate physical adsorption. The kinetic data indicated an intra-particle diffusion process with sorption being first order. The concentration of malachite green oxalate was measured before and after adsorption by using UV-visible spectrophotometer.

scholarly journals Adsorptive Removal of Malachite Green Dye from Aqueous Solution Using Chemically Modified Charred and Xanthated Wheat Bran

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-109
Author(s):  
Dilli Dhami ◽  
Puspa Lal Homagai
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Malachite Green ◽  
Wheat Bran ◽  
Ph Effect ◽  
Attractive Alternative ◽  
Adsorptive Removal ◽  
Chemically Modified ◽  
Malachite Green Dye ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Initial Ph

Adsorptive removal of Malachite Green (MB) dye from aqueous solution using chemically modified Wheat Bran has been investigated. Wheat bran was chemically modified to charred through charring process and it was further modified to xanthated through xanthation process. Batch experiments were carried out to study the experimental parameters such as effect of pH, effect of concentration and effect of contact time for both Charred Wheat Bran (CWB) and Xanthated Wheat Bran (XWB) simultaneously. The concentrations of dye ions before and after the adsorption were determined by using UV-Visible Spectrophotometer. The dye uptake was maximum for the initial pH of 4 for both CWB and XWB but the percentage removal for XWB was found to be effective in comparison with CWB i.e., 98.45% and 93.45% respectively with adsorbent dose of 0.025g and agitation speed of 190 rpm. The applicability of Langmuir isotherm was tested. The adsorption capacity of MG dye into CWB and XWB was found to be 69 mg/g and 112.9 mg/g, respectively. Similarly, the kinetic data best fitted for pseudo-second order. Hence, the result showed that XWB may be an attractive alternative for the removal of MG dye from aqueous solution in comparison to CWB as bio-adsorbent.

scholarly journals A new reagent system for the highly sensitive spectrophotometric determination of selenium

2006 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hosakere Revanasiddappa ◽  
Banadahalli Dayananda
Keyword(s):  
Malachite Green ◽  
Spectrophotometric Determination ◽  
Reference Method ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Molar Absorptivity ◽  
Malachite Green Dye ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Optimum Reaction ◽  
Leuco Malachite Green

AbstractHighly sensitive and simple spectrophotometric determination of selenium is described for the determination of selenium(IV) using a new reagent leuco malachite green. The method is based on the reaction of selenium(IV) with potassium iodide in an acidic condition to liberate iodine, the liberated iodine oxidizes leuco malachite green to malachite green dye. The green coloration was developed in an acetate buffer (pH 4.2–4.9) on heating in a water bath (∼ 40 °C). The formed dye exhibits an absorption maximum at 615 nm. The method obeys Beer’s law over a concentration range of 0.04–0.4 µg mL−1 selenium. The molar absorptivity and Sandell’s sensitivity of the color system were found to be 1.67 × 105 L mol−1 cm-1 and 0.5 ng cm−2, respectively. The optimum reaction conditions and other analytical parameters have been evaluated. The proposed procedure has been successfully applied to the determination of selenium in real samples of water, soil, plant material, human hair, and cosmetic samples. The results were compared to those obtained with the reference method. Statistical analysis of the results confirms the precision and accuracy of the proposed method. In addition, the developed method is cost-effective and involves easily accessible instrumentation technique which can be used by ordinary research laboratories.

scholarly journals Decolorization of Malachite green dye by Stenotrophomonas maltophilia a compost bacterium

2021 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vasudhaudupa Alaya ◽  
Rajesh Kumar Kodi ◽  
Earanna Ninganna ◽  
Balakrishna Gowda ◽  
M. B. Shivanna
Keyword(s):  
Malachite Green ◽  
Stenotrophomonas Maltophilia ◽  
Dye Degradation ◽  
Uv Spectroscopy ◽  
Pcr Amplification ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Malachite Green Dye ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Media ◽  
Bacterial Treatment

Abstract Background The release of triphenylmethane dyes, like malachite green (MG) and crystal violet (CV), into the environment is a cause of concern due to its toxicity, mutagenicity and carcinogenicity. Result A bacterial strain that is capable of decolorizing both dyes was isolated from the composted neem oil-seed cake. The strain was characterized as Stenotrophomonas maltophilia based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence and designated as isolate TPMD-1. The kinetic study of the dye degradation revealed the efficiency of the above isolate to degrade MG. The effect of substrate concentration, pH, temperature, and agitation on the decolorization of MG by the isolate was also studied. The MG degradation rate was slightly more in neutral pH at 28–30 °C and 150 rpm. The UV-spectroscopy, HPLC, and FTIR analyses of the dye sample before and after bacterial treatment revealed the high ability of S. maltophilia TPDM-1 in the removal of MG from the media. The genetic snapshot of the isolate by PCR amplification and sequencing showed the presence of genes 'lac’ and ‘tmr’ that codes for laccase and triphenylmethane reductase. Conclusion This study presented the first report of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia in the degradation and detoxification of MG dye by oxidoreduction, which could be used for the bioremediation of aquatic environments contaminated by MG.

Production of Asbestos-free Brake Pad Using Groundnut Shell as Filler Material

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
W. C. Solomon ◽  
M. T. Lilly ◽  
J. I. Sodiki
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Resin ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Filler Material ◽  
Particle Sizes ◽  
Brake Pad ◽  
Brake Pads ◽  
Environmental Friendly ◽  
Sieve Size ◽  
Groundnut Shell ◽  
The Cost

The development and evaluation of brake pads using groundnut shell (GS) particles as substitute material for asbestos were carried out in this study. This was with a view to harnessing the properties of GS, which is largely deposited as waste, and in replacing asbestos which is carcinogenic in nature despite its good tribological and mechanical properties. Two sets of composite material were developed using varying particle sizes of GS as filler material, with phenolic resin as binder with percentage compositions of 45% and 50% respectively. Results obtained indicate that the compressive strength and density increase as the sieve size of the filler material decreases, while water and oil absorption rates increase with an increase in sieve size of GS particle. This study also indicates that the cost of producing brake pad can be reduced by 19.14 percent if GS is use as filler material in producing brake pad. The results when compared with those of asbestos and industrial waste showed that GS particle can be used as an effective replacement for asbestos in producing automobile brake pad. Unlike asbestos, GS-based brake pads are environmental friendly, biodegradable and cost effective.

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