Structural and optical properties of WO3 electrochromic layers prepared by the sol-gel method

Open Physics ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdoljavad Novinrooz ◽  
Masoomeh Sharbatdaran ◽  
Hassan Noorkojouri
Keyword(s):  
Indium Tin Oxide ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Thin Layers ◽  
Gel Method ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Sol Gel Method ◽  
Glass Substrates ◽  
Conductive Glass ◽  
Cyclic Voltammetery

AbstractThin layers of tungsten trioxide have been prepared from an aqueous solution of peroxotungstic acid (PTA) using the sol-gel method. Compositional, structural and optical characteristics of WO3 coated on indium tin oxide (ITO) conductive glass substrates were studied using X-ray diffractometery (XRD), cyclic voltammetery (CV), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). Monoclinic and triclinic crystalline structures for thin film and powdered WO3 were confirmed by XRD analysis. SEM micrograph of annealed samples revealed micro cracks due to a decrease in density and a contraction of layers. EDX analysis showed that 1∶2 ratio of oxygen and tungsten atoms in the prepared films is obtained at heat treatment temperatures higher than 200 °C. Furthermore, the annealed samples showed very good electrochromic behavior in cyclic voltammetery studies. Refractive index “n” and extinction coefficient “k” values were found to be reduced by increasing the wavelength and decreasing the temperature.

TiO2/Ti Electrode Preparation, Characterization and its Photoelectrocatalytic Stability

2011 ◽  
Vol 393-395 ◽  
pp. 1579-1582
Author(s):  
Yun Lan Xu ◽  
Jin Ping Jia
Keyword(s):  
Diffuse Reflection ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Rotating Disk ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Response Analysis ◽  
Dye Wastewater ◽  
Gel Method ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Sol Gel Method ◽  
Tio2 Particles

TiO2/Ti electrode, photoelectrocatalysis (PEC), rotating disk reactor, dye. Abstract: In this work, TiO2/Ti electrode was prepared by sol-gel method and its character was investigated by field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM), X-ray reflection diffraction (XRD) spectra, UV-Vis diffuse reflection absorption spectra and photoelectro-response analysis. FESEM and XRD analysis demonstrates the TiO2 particles were uniform, about 50 nm and almost anatase, UV-Vis diffuse reflection analysis demonstrates the absoption fringe of TiO2 was 400 nm, and photoelectro-response analysis demonstrates the photoelectro-response capability of the photocatalyst was evident and decreased with the dye solution concenstrate increased. The results of stability and reproducibility of TiO2/Ti electrode demonstrates repetition of both multi-runs of mono-electrode and mono-run of multi-electrodes was excellent, which indicates TiO2/Ti electrode prepared by sol-gel method can degrade dye wastewater high-effectively and stably.

Raman and Impedance Spectroscopy of Blend Polycarbonate and Zinc Oxide Layers Grown by Sol-Gel Method

2013 ◽  
Vol 200 ◽  
pp. 22-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pawel Popielarski ◽  
Kazimierz Paprocki ◽  
Waclaw Bala ◽  
Agnieszka Banaszak-Piechowska ◽  
Karolina Walczyk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sol Gel ◽  
Thin Layers ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Confocal Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Gel Method ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Sol Gel Method ◽  
Si Substrates ◽  
Surface Spectroscopy ◽  
Different Content

Confocal Raman spectroscopy has been applied to investigate blend polycarbonate and ZnO thin layers with different thicknesses and different content of ZnO. The admittance spectroscopy have been applied to correlation of optical and electrical properties of these layers used in electroluminescence diodes and photovoltaic cells. The I-V (DC and AC) characteristics and thermally stimulated current (TSC) have been applied to the study of the deep levels in ZnO thin films grown by sol-gel method onto Si substrates. The surface spectroscopy morphology of the samples were investigated by scanning microscopy and X ray diffraction.

H2S Gas Sensor Based on SnO2 and CuO Nanoparticles

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 21-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Hossein Sarfi ◽  
Mohammad Ghadimi ◽  
Arash Babaee
Keyword(s):  
Response Time ◽  
Recovery Time ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Thin Layers ◽  
Gel Method ◽  
Sol Gel Method ◽  
Environment Temperature

Hydrogen Sulfide (H2S) is a toxic gas that has adverse effects on human health as well as the oil and gas industry; hence, it is important to identify its characteristics appropriately. The present research was aimed to study the sensing behavior of SnO2-CuO thin layers obtained by the sol-gel method. The working temperature in the present investigation was the environment temperature and the resistance curves related to the sensing behavior were obtained. The microstructure of the covered layers was studied using Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FE-SEM), AFM and XRD analysis method. The thin layer of SnO2-CuO optimized with sensory characteristics was coated using sol-gel method and were heated for 5 hours at 400 °C. The best response number was 1180 (no unit), the response time was 43 seconds and the least recovery time was 210 seconds. Moreover, it had a longer response time compared to the unheated sample, but the response number and the recovery time were improved due to the thermal treatment.

scholarly journals Characterization of nio-bczy as composite anode prepared by a one-step sol-gel method

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 450-452
Author(s):  
Nafisah Osman ◽  
Shazana Mohd Senari ◽  
Abdul Mutalib Md Jani
Keyword(s):  
Electrochemical Impedance ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Reduction Process ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Composite Anode ◽  
Gel Method ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Sol Gel Method ◽  
Good Potential ◽  
One Step

A high polarization resistance (Rp) at intermediate temperature (500–800°C) operation has become one of the major challenges in the development of proton-conducting fuel cells (PCFCs). Rp is the resistance of the cell that contributes by the electrodes parts which are anode and cathode as well as their interfacial components. The present study focused on the NiO-Ba(Ce0.6Zr0.4)0.9Y0.1O3-δ (NiO-BCZY) composite anode and its interfacial parts where the oxidation process takes place. The NiO-BCZY with a ratio of 50:50 was prepared by a sol-gel method and characterized by X-Ray Diffractometer (XRD), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy/Energy Dispersive X-ray (FESEM/EDX), and Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS). At calcination temperature of 1100°C, NiO and BCZY oxides can preserve their phases to form composite anode as proven by XRD analysis. Morphology of the composite anode as observed by FESEM was spherical with particle size in the range of 30-70 nm. XRD analysis showed the formation of Ni-BCZY after undergoing reduction process under wet H2:N2 (10%:90%). As confirmed by the EIS data, the increased conductivity of the composite anode in wet H2:N2 (10%:90%) indicates that the NiO in the composite anode was reduced to Ni metal. The fabricated NiO-BCZY composite anode has shown a good potential to be a promising anode in PCFC application.

scholarly journals Synthesis, characterization and in vitro cytotoxicity study of Co and Ni ferrite nanoparticles prepared by sol-gel method

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandre Pancotti ◽  
Dener Pereira Santos ◽  
Dielly Oliveira Morais ◽  
Mauro Vinícius de Barros Souza ◽  
Débora R. Lima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Test Sample ◽  
In Vitro Cytotoxicity ◽  
Gel Method ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Sol Gel Method ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Crystallite Sizes

AbstractIn this study, we report the synthesis and characterization of NiFe2O4 and CoFe2O4 nanoparticles (NPs) which are widely used in the biomedical area. There is still limited knowledge how the properties of these materials are influenced by different chemical routes. In this work, we investigated the effect of heat treatment over cytotoxicity of cobalt and niquel ferrites NPs synthesized by sol-gel method. Then the samples were studied using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy Analysis (FTIR), and X-ray fluorescence (XRF). The average crystallite sizes of the particles were found to be in the range of 20–35 nm. The hemocompatibility (erythrocytes and leukocytes) was checked. Cytotoxicity results were similar to those of the control test sample, therefore suggesting hemocompatibility of the tested materials.

Annealing Effects on the Physical and Magnetic Properties of Tb1.5Y1.5Fe5O12 Films Nanoparticles Prepared by Sol-Gel Method

2013 ◽  
Vol 756 ◽  
pp. 91-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ftema W. Aldbea ◽  
Noor Bahyah Ibrahim ◽  
Mustafa Hj. Abdullah
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Magnetic Properties ◽  
Annealing Temperature ◽  
Quartz Substrate ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Lattice Parameter ◽  
Gel Method ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Sol Gel Method ◽  
Iron Garnet

Terbium –substituted yttrium iron garnet (Tb1.5Y1.5Fe5O12) films nanoparticles were successfully prepared by a sol-gel method. The films were deposited on the quartz substrate using spin coating technique. To study effect of annealing temperature, the annealing process was executed at 700, 800 and 900 °C in air for 2 hours. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) proved that the pure phase of garnet structure was detected for the film annealed at 900 °C. The lattice parameter increased with the increment of annealing temperature and the highest value of 12.35 Å was obtained at 900 °C. Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FE-SEM) results showed that the particle size increased from 43nm to 56nm as annealing temperature increased from 700 to 900°C. The film’s thickness also affected by increasing of annealing temperature and become thin at 900 °C due to densification process occurred at high annealing temperature. The elemental compositions of the Tb1.5Y1.5Fe5O12 film were detected using an Energy Dispersive X-raySpectroscopy (EDX). Magnetic properties at room temperature were measured using a Vibrating Sample Magnetometer (VSM).The saturation magnetization Ms increased with the annealingtemperature and showed a high value of 104emu/cm3, but the coercivity Hc of the film was decreased due to the increment of the particle size. Normal 0 21 false false false MS X-NONE X-NONE MicrosoftInternetExplorer4 Terbium –substituted yttrium iron garnet (Tb1.5Y1.5Fe5O12) films nanoparticles were successfully prepared by a sol-gel method. The films were deposited on the quartz substrate using spin coating technique. To study effect of annealing temperature, the annealing process was executed at 700, 800 and 900°C in air for 2 hours. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) proved that the pure phase of garnet structure was detected for the film annealed at 900 °C. The lattice parameter increased with the increment of annealing temperature and the highest value of 12.35 Å was obtained at 900 °C. Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FE-SEM) results showed that the particle size increased from 43nm to 56nm as annealing temperature increased from 700 to 900 °C. The film’s thickness also affected by increasing of annealing temperature and become thin at 900 °C due to densification process occurred at high annealing temperature. The elemental compositions of the Tb1.5Y1.5Fe5O12 film were detected using an Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDX). Magnetic properties at room temperature were measured using a Vibrating Sample Magnetometer (VSM).The saturation magnetization Ms increased with the annealing temperature and showed a high value of 104emu/cm3, but the coercivity Hc of the film was decreased due to the increment of the particle size. st1\:*{behavior:url(#ieooui) } /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Table Normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-qformat:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-para-margin:0cm; mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:11.0pt; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;}

Impedance Spectroscopy Study of LiTaO3 Powder Synthesized via Sol-Gel Method

2012 ◽  
Vol 545 ◽  
pp. 275-278 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lili Widarti Zainuddin ◽  
Norlida Kamarulzaman
Keyword(s):  
Room Temperature ◽  
Single Phase ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Rhombohedral Structure ◽  
Spectroscopy Study ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Gel Method ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Sol Gel Method ◽  
Impedance Spectroscopy Study

A ceramics sample of LiTaO3 was prepared using a sol-gel method. The sample is annealed at 750 °C for 48 hours. X-ray diffraction analysis indicate the formation of single phase, rhombohedral structure. An ac impedance study was used to analyse the conductivity of LiTaO3 at room temperature and at various temperatures.

Microstructural, Optical and Electrical Properties of ZnO:Sn Thin Films Deposited by Sol-Gel Method

2013 ◽  
Vol 652-654 ◽  
pp. 519-522
Author(s):  
Jun Chen ◽  
Yue Hui Hu ◽  
Hong Hao Hu ◽  
Yi Chuan Chen
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Electrical Properties ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Hexagonal Structure ◽  
Optical And Electrical Properties ◽  
Axis Orientation ◽  
Gel Method ◽  
Sol Gel Method ◽  
Sn Doping ◽  
Glass Substrates

Transparent thin films of Sn-doped ZnO (ZnO:Sn) were deposited onto silica glass substrates by the sol–gel method. The effect of different Sn doping on the crystallinity, structural, optical and electrical properties of ZnO:Sn thin films were investigated by XRD, SEM, UV-VIS spectrophotometer and four-point probe method respectively. Among all of ZnO:Sn thin films in this paper, Sn-doped with 2 at.% exhibited the best properties, the surface demonstrate an accumulative crystallization and hexagonal structure, with a high-preferential c-axis orientation, namely an average transmittance of 90% and the resistivity of 19.6 Ω·cm.

Study on the Influence Factors of ZnFe2O4 and TiO2 Composite Films Photoelectrocatalytic Properties

2011 ◽  
Vol 287-290 ◽  
pp. 2199-2202
Author(s):  
Gui Qin Hou ◽  
Wen Li Zhang ◽  
Shui Jing Gao ◽  
Xiao Yan Wang
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Orange ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Composite Films ◽  
Influence Factors ◽  
Nanocomposite Films ◽  
Gel Method ◽  
Sol Gel Method ◽  
Conductive Glass ◽  
Photocatalytic Activities ◽  
Film Layer

The ZnFe2O4 and TiO2 nanocomposite films was prepared by Sol-Gel method on conductive glass, and the influence factors of it’s photoelectrocatalytic performence such as the film layer, pole and voltage was investigated. The results indicated that: the photocatalytic effects of composite films with ZnFe2O4+ TiO2+ ZnFe2O4 was the best. The decomposing ratio of methyl orange with the photoelectrocatalysis of composite films at voltage 0.2-6V all increased unstably.At the same time, the distance from films to pole plank also had the effects on the photocatalytic activities of the films.

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