scholarly journals Informative Combat of the Russian Hybrid War

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-17
Author(s):  
Marian-Valentin Bînă ◽  
Cristian Dragomir
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Cyber Warfare ◽  
Information Warfare ◽  
Hybrid Warfare ◽  
Electronic Warfare ◽  
National Media ◽  
The Media ◽  
Hybrid War ◽  
Conflict Information ◽  
Media Channels

AbstractThe objective of this paper is to analyze the control system that the media offered to Russian disinformation campaigns in a supposed context of hybrid warfare. The exposure of the news offered by the main media channels allows the analysis of the concept of hybrid warfare to be concentrated and its comparison with the traditional strategic conception, in order to determine if the activities in question can be classified in this type of conflict. Information warfare and related components such as cyber warfare, electronic warfare and more, are becoming increasingly complex and can be used both defensively and offensively in the current security context offered by the national media.

scholarly journals Hybrid and cyber warfare - international problems and joint solutions

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 23-48
Author(s):  
Darko Trifunović ◽  
Darko Obradović
Keyword(s):  
Public Diplomacy ◽  
Political Leadership ◽  
Cultural Barriers ◽  
Cyber Warfare ◽  
Hybrid Warfare ◽  
The Balkans ◽  
State Apparatus ◽  
Administrative Employees ◽  
Hybrid War ◽  
Media Narratives

Hybrid warfare is a significant threat to National Security and Countries in last 10 years. Hybrid activities are not new, but environment of cyberspace is completely different than before. We are witnessing a great expansion of the aforementioned fifth combat space, which knows no borders, fences, social or cultural barriers. Hybrid war as a form of endangering the security of sovereign states is primarily based on subversive activities in order to paralyze the state apparatus with the ultimate goal of changing the political leadership. This change of political leadership in the earlier period of history was far simpler and most often began and ended with armed aggression, the use of armed rebellion, or a coup. As modern societies increasingly turn to reliable alliances, mechanisms of collective security, conventional methods have become for quite some time less effective and outdated. The use of disinformation as an integral method of Hybrid Warfare has its roots in the concept of "ideological subversion". Ideological subversion is a term firstly defined by KGB in 1970th. KGB invented “Ideological subversion” as a tool of special warfare against civilians and administrative employees. To make it easier to follow the case study, the authors of the Hybrid War operation divide it into four phases: Demoralization, Destabilization, Crisis, and Stabilization. For Russia, the Balkans hold significant historic, cultural, and religious connections—shared ties that are actively propagated, and at times exaggerated, by Russian public diplomacy efforts and media narratives.

scholarly journals Draft law “On Media” No. 2693: new restrictions of freedom of media in Ukraine

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 775-786
Author(s):  
Shuanat N. Kadyrova ◽  
Alexander Fomin
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Community ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Main Task ◽  
Radio Broadcasting ◽  
Scientific Analysis ◽  
Media Space ◽  
National Media ◽  
The Media ◽  
Hybrid War ◽  
Working Mechanisms

The analysis of the draft law On Media No. 2693, submitted for consideration by the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine in December 2019. The official reason for its development was the lack of working mechanisms to ensure information security and protection of the national media space of Ukraine in a hybrid war. The main task of our study is an attempt to determine the place of the bill in the reformed system of legal regulation of the media in Ukraine, from a position neutral to the process of the scientific community. (The following draft law On Misinformation, which is also under consideration by the Verkhovna Rada, speaks in favor of a systematic policy of reforms in the media sector of Ukraine). To this end, a detailed content analysis was conducted, which showed that the potentially ambiguous wording of the adopted document at the stage of its enforcement leaves the regulatory authorities free to interpret them depending on the interests of the parties, rather than on the letter of the law. The key to understanding the risks associated with its entry into force is the section on the National Television and Radio Broadcasting Council of Ukraine, which will have jurisdiction over all aspects of the country's media structures, including economic ones. Thus, the proposed material may be of interest and be considered as a contribution to the development of criteria for a comprehensive scientific analysis of the legislation governing media structures, while the need for the participation of the scientific community in the development of such documents and public discussion at the stage of their preparation is obvious.

scholarly journals Climate Change and Hybrid Warfare Strategies

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 45-57
Author(s):  
Chad Briggs
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
National Security ◽  
Information Warfare ◽  
Security Risks ◽  
Full Spectrum ◽  
Hybrid Warfare ◽  
Climate Change Risks ◽  
Traditional Institutions ◽  
Hybrid War

Concepts of hybrid warfare and climate security are contested on their own, and are rarely considered as connected in planning for future security risks. Yet climate change presents new hazards for national security, and opportunities for those looking to foment instability and uncertainty in traditional institutions. This article examines the connections between climate change risks and hybrid war strategies, and focuses on concepts of resilience targeting, information warfare, and geoengineering, illustrating that ‘full spectrum’ analyses of security are necessary in developing future security strategies.

Russian "Hybrid Warfare"

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ofer Fridman
Keyword(s):  
Cold War ◽  
First Century ◽  
The West ◽  
Hybrid Warfare ◽  
The Media ◽  
Clear Delineation ◽  
Hybrid War ◽  
Ukrainian Crisis ◽  
The Cold War ◽  
Main Strategy

During the last decade, 'Hybrid Warfare' has become a novel yet controversial term in academic, political and professional military lexicons, intended to suggest some sort of mix between different military and non-military means and methods of confrontation. Enthusiastic discussion of the notion has been undermined by conceptual vagueness and political manipulation, particularly since the onset of the Ukrainian crisis in early 2014, as ideas about Hybrid Warfare engulf Russia and the West, especially in the media. Western defense and political specialists analyzing Russian responses to the crisis have been quick to confirm that Hybrid Warfare is the Kremlin's main strategy in the twenty-first century. But many respected Russian strategists and political observers contend that it is the West that has been waging Hybrid War, Gibridnaya Voyna, since the end of the Cold War. In this highly topical book, Ofer Fridman offers a clear delineation of the conceptual debates about Hybrid Warfare. What leads Russian experts to say that the West is conducting a Gibridnaya Voyna against Russia, and what do they mean by it? Why do Western observers claim that the Kremlin engages in Hybrid Warfare? And, beyond terminology, is this something genuinely new?

scholarly journals MODERN MODELS OF HYBRID WAR

2021 ◽  
pp. 33-37
Author(s):  
А. В. Дугінець ◽  
Т. Г. Бусарєва
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
National Security ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
National Interests ◽  
Hybrid Warfare ◽  
Uncertainty Model ◽  
The Media ◽  
Hybrid War ◽  
The Military

As a result of large-scale processes and trends that have taken place in recent decades in the context of globalization and the information revolution, forms, methods, means and, accordingly, interpretations of national interests and national security are being more or less noticeably metamorphosed. Against this background, in recent years, the concept of "hybrid wars" has rapidly entered the military-political lexicon. It is not only firmly established in the scientific and journalistic literature, as well as in the media, but is also widely used in official documents determining the behavior of states in the international arena. New concepts and methods of conducting hybrid war are developing very rapidly today, which requires a revision of the classic military methods of forecasting and planning both offensive and defensive strategies. Like any other war, gybrid war is an area of unreliability and uncertainty. The inaccuracy of intelligence and the constant intervention of chance lead to the fact that the parties to the conflict actually face a completely different situation than expected, and this can not but affect the planning or at least the perceptions of the situation that formed the basis of strategic plans. The transformation of hybrid warfare into a new type of interstate confrontation raises the issue of the use of modern tools of support and decision-making as a priority. The use of the hybrid war model for this purpose is increasingly going beyond the purely scientific sphere, making it an effective factor in ensuring the national security of countries. The development of effective hybrid warfare strategies and counter-strategies requires the introduction of new technologies based on the modeling and application of AI. The symbiosis of modern scientific knowledge and approaches allows us to study, predict and plan modern hybrid military conflicts as nonlinear objects operating in conditions of high uncertainty. Model, created for this purpose, should be easily integrated into the political and military decision-making process and, given the complexity of this activity, be integrated. This approach will provide an adequate understanding of the complex, ever-changing phenomena of hybrid warfare and hybrid threads and take them into account in the system of national and global security.

scholarly journals Russian information operations in the Ukrainian armed conflict

2021 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-81
Author(s):  
Nenad Putnik ◽  
Branislav Milosavljević
Keyword(s):  
Satellite Communications ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Armed Conflicts ◽  
Information Warfare ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Information Operations ◽  
The Media ◽  
Hybrid War ◽  
Political Economic ◽  
The Given

The ultimate goals and basic forms of social conflict have remained unchanged throughout history. Nevertheless, today there is an evident expansion in the application of new methods, techniques and means for waging war. The continuous fusion of revolutionary achievements in the field of computers, satellite communications and the media has radically improved the possibilities of warfare, despite the fact that technological achievements have not substantially changed the geostrategic and political-economic goals of the war itself. Cyberspace provided enormous opportunities for conducting special propaganda actions as well as for carrying out attacks via computer networks on enemy information systems and thus expanded the space for conducting information operations. Information operations can be conducted independently or in support of conventional, kinetic, conflict. The authors of the paper point out the importance that information operations have in modern armed conflicts on the example of the conflict in Ukraine. In the introduction, an overview of different conceptual definitions of information operations is given. Then, an analysis of the Russian theoretical and strategic-doctrinal approach to information warfare was conducted. After that, the specifics of information operations from the point of view of their content, scope, place and role in modern armed conflicts, on the Ukrainian example, are explained. The paper should be viewed as a starting point for a broader discourse, because it is not possible to discuss this issue comprehensively in all its complexity within the given format. The dramatic events in Ukraine have unequivocally indicated to us that the information aspect of the hybrid war should not be underestimated or neglected.

scholarly journals THE ROLE AND PLACE OF THE INFORMATION WAR IN THE MODERN HYBRID WAR

2021 ◽  
Vol 71 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ganna Duginets ◽  
Tetiana Busarieva
Keyword(s):  
Information Warfare ◽  
Information Component ◽  
Spiritual Values ◽  
Front Line ◽  
Economic Stability ◽  
Hybrid Warfare ◽  
Separate Type ◽  
Hybrid War ◽  
Time Information

Hybrid warfare is a combination of various techniques from non-military means used to weaken the enemy, destroy statehood, undermine its culture, spiritual values, and economic stability. These hostilities have no declared start, no established front line, no combatants, but there are specific goals that the parties to the undeclared conflict seek to realize. At the same time, information warfare is one of the most important tools of hybrid warfare, moreover, the information component is contained not only in various elements of a hybrid war, but can also play an independent role in international confrontation and act as a separate type of contactless warfare. It poses the greatest threat, since the purpose of this war is to manipulate consciousness and master the minds of people. Information warfare as a phenomenon has existed for many centuries, and its recognition is at the stage of formation, but at the same time, its destructive and destabilizing effect is recognized, various measures are taken to resist both the information threat and the hybrid war as a whole.

The Subtle Knife

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 25
Author(s):  
Peter Rautenbach
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Weapons ◽  
Psychological Effects ◽  
Nuclear Deterrence ◽  
Cyber Warfare ◽  
Nuclear War ◽  
Hybrid Warfare ◽  
Key Concepts ◽  
Polar Opposite

This article looks to tie together the polar opposite of hybrid warfare and nuclear deterrence. The reason for this is that hybrid warfare and its effects on nuclear deterrence need to be explored as there appears to be substantial increases in hybrid warfare’s usage. This article found that hybrid warfare has an erosion like effect on nuclear deterrence because it increases the likelihood that nuclear weapons will be used. This may be due to both the fact that hybrid warfare can ignore conventional redlines, but also because the cyber aspect of hybrid warfare has unintended psychological effects on how deterrence functions. how does this relate to nuclear war? In short, cyber warfare attacks key concepts which make nuclear deterrence a viable strategy including the concepts of stability, clarity, and rationality. Therefore, hybrid warfare increases the chance of nuclear use.

Foreign Media Exposure and Perceptions of Americans in Hong Kong, Shenzhen, and Singapore

1997 ◽  
Vol 74 (4) ◽  
pp. 738-756 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lars Willnat ◽  
Zhou He ◽  
Hao Xiaoming
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Media Exposure ◽  
Media Impact ◽  
Local Media ◽  
The Media ◽  
Foreign Media ◽  
Media Channels ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

This study examines the relationship between foreign media exposure and stereotypical perceptions of and feelings toward Americans in Hong Kong, Shenzhen (China), and Singapore. In line with previous studies, it finds that foreign TV consumption is related to negative stereotypical perceptions of and feelings toward Americans among all tested subjects. However, it also finds that different types of foreign media, such as newspaper, radio, video, and movies, exhibit very distinct and different relationships with perceptions of Americans by subjects from China and Singapore. It suggests that in studies of foreign media impact, attention should be given to specific foreign media channels, the actual content of the media, the impact of local media, the stages at which other cultures encounter the Western culture, and the cultural context of each society.

The COVID-19 Pandemic

Glimpse ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 131-144
Author(s):  
Duygu Onay-Coker ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Hegemonic Discourse ◽  
Health Politics ◽  
Mainstream Media ◽  
Representation Of Women ◽  
News Stories ◽  
Unequal Treatment ◽  
Traditional Gender Roles ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Government ◽  
Media Channels

The COVID-19 pandemic both highlighted and exacerbated deep societal inequalities. Vulnerable and disadvantaged groups, especially women, faced even more unequal treatment. During the lockdown, women at home performed more childcare, and shouldered more cooking and cleaning duties, while husbands spent most of their time in virtual meetings. The media played a crucial role during this situation through its representation of women. An analysis of the reportage of two bestseller print mainstream media, Sabah and Hürriyet, compared to two alternative media channels on the internet, GazeteDuvar and T24, highlighted a serious difference in perspective in news stories about women. Bestseller mainstream Turkish media ignored the difficulties faced by women and followed dominant hegemonic discourse emphasizing women as wives and mothers who sacrifice themselves for their children and families. They ignored the plight of women victims subjected to violence during the lockdown and reproduced the idea of traditional gender roles through their news items. However, alternative newspapers provided a voice to the women, as well as to the voiceless, disadvantageous groups. They were critical of the government, local authorities, related powers, and their health politics. They did not prefer to ignore women and their voices but instead announced them in detail.

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