scholarly journals Rheological Properties of Bitumens from the Perspective their Chemical Composition

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 174-182
Author(s):  
Eva Remišová ◽  
Gang Liu ◽  
Jozef Komačka ◽  
Shaopeng Wu ◽  
Yue Xiao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Rheological Properties ◽  
Complex Modulus ◽  
Plastic Part ◽  
Elastic Part ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Bituminous Binders ◽  
Empirical Tests ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractThe quality of bituminous binders is commonly evaluated by the empirical tests. The functional approach to the evaluation of bitumen properties is a trend that has been applied in the last years. The dynamic shear rheometer (DSR) test has been widely used to determine the shear complex modulus of bitumen in the wide range of frequencies and temperatures. A lot of research works were focused on the effect of the chemical compounds of bitumen on the values of the shear complex modulus. The missing information related to the effect of the compound of bitumen on the elastic and plastic part of the shear complex modulus was input for the presented investigation. The significant effect on the elastic part of the complex modulus was determined only at the high temperatures (60 and 80 °C). The aromatics, resins and asphaltenes were identified as the influencing compounds. The important effect was also noted for the resins at the temperatures of 5 and 15 °C. It was also concluded that the effect of the saturates on the elastic part of the shear complex modulus is marginal. The effect of the aromatics and asphaltenes on the plastic part of the shear complex modulus was identified only at the temperature of 80 °C. The effect of these two compounds at other temperatures seems to be unimportant. The significant effect of the resins was stated for the temperatures of 15 °C and 5 °C. Their effect at other temperatures can be supposed as marginal. The negligible effect of the saturates on the plastic part of the shear complex modulus was deducted.The regression analysis of the chemical composition of the bitumen and the parts of the shear complex modulus at the temperature of 80 °C proved that the frequency of the DSR test can be a factor affecting the level of the relationship between the group composition of the bitumen and its rheological properties.

Using the alveograph in developing requirements for the quality of flour for wafer sheet production

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (12) ◽  
pp. 52-58
Author(s):  
E.P. Meleshkina ◽  
◽  
S.N. Kolomiets ◽  
A.S. Cheskidova ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rheological Properties ◽  
Quality Indicators ◽  
Wheat Flour ◽  
Mathematical Statistics ◽  
Intended Purpose ◽  
The Future ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Objectively and reliably determined indicators of rheological properties of the dough were identified using the alveograph device to create a system of classifications of wheat and flour from it for the intended purpose in the future. The analysis of the relationship of standardized quality indicators, as well as newly developed indicators for identifying them, differentiating the quality of wheat flour for the intended purpose, i.e. for finished products. To do this, we use mathematical statistics methods.

scholarly journals Nitrogen doses and splitting in top dressing in the production, quality, and macronutrients content in zucchini (Cucurbita pepo) seeds

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. e328101018708
Author(s):  
Ana Emília Barbosa Tavares ◽  
Natália de Brito Lima Lanna ◽  
Lidiane Fernandes Colombari ◽  
Emanuele Possas de Souza ◽  
Bruno Novaes Menezes Martins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Cucurbita Pepo ◽  
Production Quality ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
Germination Test ◽  
Macronutrient Content ◽  
Yield Quality ◽  
The Relationship

Despite the importance of the nutrients, mainly nitrogen, in the formation and chemical composition of the seeds, little research has been done to verify the relationship between the nutrients supplied to the plants and the quality of the seeds produced. The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of nitrogen doses and splitting on yield, quality and macronutrients content in zucchini seeds. Two experiments (crop 2014 and crop 2015) were installed, with thirteen treatments in the factorial scheme 4x3+1, with four nitrogen doses in top dressing (62.5; 125.0; 187.5; 250.0 kg ha-1), three splitting (1/6+1/3+1/2; 1/4+1/2+1/4; 1/3+1/3+1/3 of total dose in each split), and one treatment without N fertilization in top dressing (dose 0), with four replications. Seed production and quality and macronutrient content in seeds were evaluated. There wasn’t significant effect on number of fruits and seeds produced per plant. However, in crop 2014 the higher the doses of N in top dressing, the higher the seed weight per fruit and per plant, the weight of 100 seeds and the vigor (first count in germination test). In crop 2015, seeds with the best quality (germination and first counting) were obtained in the 1/4+1/2+1/4 splitting. The decreasing order of the macronutrient content in the seeds was N>P>K>Mg>S>Ca.

scholarly journals Causal Inference, International Law, And Maritime Disputes

AJIL Unbound ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 115 ◽  
pp. 389-393
Author(s):  
Benjamin J. Appel
Keyword(s):  
Causal Inference ◽  
International Law ◽  
Law Of The Sea ◽  
International Courts ◽  
Legal Scholarship ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Maritime Disputes ◽  
Empirical Tests ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Sara Mitchell and Andrew Owsiak's examination of the impact of UN Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) and Article 287 declarations on the peaceful resolution of maritime disputes significantly advances the literature on the relationship between international law/international courts and maritime issues. To their credit, the authors employ a wide range of empirical tests in the article to provide readers with confidence in the empirical results. Nonetheless, there are some important limitations in their approach. Drawing on insights from the causal inference literature, I argue that Mitchell and Owsiak's empirical analyses suffer from two biases that both (1) raise concerns about the causal relationships identified in the article, and (2) suggest some important scope conditions in its empirical findings. I investigate the biases and propose suggestions for legal scholarship to produce more credible results.

scholarly journals Do Populist Parties Increase Voter Turnout? Evidence From Over 40 Years of Electoral History in 31 European Democracies

2020 ◽  
pp. 003232172092325 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arndt Leininger ◽  
Maurits J Meijers
Keyword(s):  
Political Participation ◽  
Voter Turnout ◽  
Party System ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Party Competition ◽  
Eastern European ◽  
Quality Of Democracy ◽  
Empirical Tests ◽  
The Relationship

While some consider populist parties to be a threat to liberal democracy, others have argued that populist parties may positively affect the quality of democracy by increasing political participation of citizens. This supposition, however, has hitherto not been subjected to rigorous empirical tests. The voter turnout literature, moreover, has primarily focused on stable institutional and party system characteristics – ignoring more dynamic determinants of voter turnout related to party competition. To fill this double gap in the literature, we examine the effect of populist parties, both left and right, on aggregate-level turnout in Western and Eastern European parliamentary elections. Based on a dataset on 315 elections in 31 European democracies since 1970s, we find that turnout is higher when populist parties are represented in parliament prior to an election in Eastern Europe, but not in Western Europe. These findings further our understanding of the relationship between populism, political participation and democracy.

scholarly journals The Relationship between Language, Literature, Teacher Effectiveness and Quality Education

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amase Lanior Emmanuel ◽  
Tsavmbu Aondover Alexis ◽  
Kaan Aondover Theophilus
Keyword(s):  
Teacher Effectiveness ◽  
Language Education ◽  
Quality Education ◽  
Quality Of Education ◽  
Effective Teacher ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Language And Literature ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Language Literature

The issue of declining quality of education in Nigeria is of serious national concern and quality language education is not an exception. A wide range of factors have been pointed out by experts as being responsible for this situation. Our purpose in this paper is to discuss possible ways of improving on the quality of language education being that the quality of an educational system cannot transcend that of the teachers. The paper contends that for quality language education to be provided, the teacher must be effective; he must be well grounded in both language and literature to effectively impart quality language education. The paper examines the interwoven relationship between language and literature and postulates that merely having many years of classroom experience does not automatically make one an effective teacher. It also discusses several other methods that could be adopted in teaching so as to improve on the quality of language education being provided. The paper concludes that the delicate relationship between language, literature and effective teaching must be sufficiently appreciated by the language teacher in order for the objectives of language course to be attained.

scholarly journals Characterization of Bitumen Binders on the Basis of Their Thermo-Viscous Properties

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-31
Author(s):  
Michal Holý ◽  
Eva Remišová
Keyword(s):  
Building Materials ◽  
Road Construction ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Traffic Loads ◽  
Bituminous Binders ◽  
Empirical Tests ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Temperature Susceptibility

Abstract Bitumen is one of the basic building materials that is mainly used in road construction. Nowadays, we can observe increased requirements for the quality of bituminous binders, which are due to increased traffic loads, changing climate conditions, and decreasing crude oil stocks. Besides “traditional” (empirical) tests (softening point, penetration), new types of tests have been developed that can better describe the quality and behavior of bitumen binders. Their composition can also be a significant part of the properties themselves. Therefore, the elemental and group composition of bitumen must also be observed. The use of the viscosity temperature susceptibility (VTS) test appears to be well suited to evaluate the properties of bitumen binders. The VTS parameter is directly dependent on the viscosity of bitumen, but it is necessary to say that VTS can be significantly affected by the composition of the bitumen. The paper is focused on determining the dependencies between the VTS and the bitumen’s composition, respectively, to find out how the composition influences the VTS.

scholarly journals Satisfaction of university graduates with the quality of education as a benchmark for optimizing the educational process

KANT ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 191-196
Author(s):  
Natalya Ivanovna Anufrieva ◽  
Elena Ivanovna Grigorieva ◽  
Alexander Vladlenovich Kamyanets
Keyword(s):  
Educational Process ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Quality Of Education ◽  
University Graduates ◽  
Higher Educational Institutions ◽  
Russian State ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

The article is a generalization and analysis of some of the results of the monitoring of the satisfaction of graduates of the Russian State Social University, conducted in 2020. The results of similar monitoring carried out in other higher educational institutions are also considered. The article pays great attention to the relationship of various factors of graduates' satisfaction, corresponding to the prospects for improving the educational process based on the results of monitoring studies. The article may be of interest both for researchers of the educational process in universities and for a wide range of specialists in the field of university pedagogy.

Benefits and drawbacks of telemedicine

2005 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 60-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
N M Hjelm
Keyword(s):  
Professional Education ◽  
Care Delivery ◽  
Clinical Effectiveness ◽  
Information Provision ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Potential Benefits ◽  
Provision Of Care ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Care Costs

Telemedicine is a vast subject, but as yet there are limited data on the clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of most telemedicine applications. As a result, objective information about the benefits and drawbacks of telemedicine is limited. This review is therefore based mainly on preliminary results, opinions and predictions. Many potential benefits of telemedicine can be envisaged, including: improved access to information; provision of care not previously deliverable; improved access to services and increasing care delivery; improved professional education; quality control of screening programmes; and reduced health-care costs. Although telemedicine clearly has a wide range of potential benefits, it also has some disadvantages. The main ones that can be envisaged are: a breakdown in the relationship between health professional and patient; a breakdown in the relationship between health professionals; issues concerning the quality of health information; and organizational and bureaucratic difficulties. On balance, the benefits of telemedicine are substantial, assuming that more research will reduce or eliminate the obvious drawbacks.

scholarly journals Viscosity as a possible supplement to the empirical tests of bitumen

2018 ◽  
Vol 196 ◽  
pp. 04039
Author(s):  
Michal Holý ◽  
Eva Remišová
Keyword(s):  
Asphalt Mixtures ◽  
The Road ◽  
Road Surfaces ◽  
Complex Shear ◽  
Asphalt Mix ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Bituminous Binders ◽  
Empirical Tests ◽  
And Behavior

The quality of bituminous binders used in the construction and maintenance of road surfaces is currently being assessed by empirical tests based on obtaining one value for specific boundary conditions that were designed around 100 years ago. However, these tests appear to be inadequate. Under laboratory conditions, all bitumen tests have the correct values, but if the bitumen binder is used in the asphalt mix in the road, sometimes we can see no standard properties and behavior than in the laboratory. We are increasingly faced with the issue of replacing empirical bitumen tests with performance related parameters as viscosity, complex shear modulus that can better and more accurately describe the behavior of bitumen not only in the laboratory but also in asphalt mixtures. In paper the viscosity results of ten bitumen samples (50/70 and PmB 45/80-75) at different temperatures are presented and compared with empirical tests as penetration and softening point.

scholarly journals REGIONAL DIFFERENCES AND THE IMPORTANCE OF HARVEST MATURITY ON ROYAL GALA' FRUIT QUALITY

HortScience ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 593f-593
Author(s):  
F R Harker ◽  
C B Watkins ◽  
B A Cregoe ◽  
P L Brookfield ◽  
W J Bramlage
Keyword(s):  
Regional Differences ◽  
Physiological Maturity ◽  
Commercial Harvest ◽  
Fruit Maturity ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Growing Conditions ◽  
Production Areas ◽  
Harvest Maturity ◽  
The Relationship

The apple growing districts of New Zealand are spread across a wide range of latitudes. Differences in growing conditions associated with these various districts may influence the way fruit mature on the tree. In this study, the relationships between background colour and physiological maturity of Royal Gala apples have been compared in four major production areas. Royal Gala apples were strip picked from trees in three orchards during the commercial harvest period Hawkes Bay, Canterbury, Nelson and Otago. The maturity of these fruit was assessed, and fruit stored at 0°C for 12 weeks. Following removal from “storage, the quality of the fruit was assessed paying particular attention to -greasiness. Results from this trial indicate that the relationship between background colour and fruit maturity is not consistent. Indeed, the maturity of apples of a particular background colour may differ according to district and harvest date. Greasiness of fruit was related to harvest maturity in Hawkes Bay. However, fruit from Canterbury and Otago became severely greasy even when harvested at early maturities.

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