scholarly journals Barley Residues Allelopathic Effects on Corn Seed Germination and Seedlings Growth

2019 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-33
Author(s):  
M. Khoshkharam ◽  
W. Sun ◽  
Q. Cheng ◽  
M.H. Shahrajabian
Keyword(s):  
Germination Rate ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Coleoptile Length ◽  
Plant Organs ◽  
Corn Seed ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Stem Extract ◽  
Four Levels ◽  
Radicle Length

Abstract Allelopathy is the detrimental effect of one crop on germination or development of a plant of another species. A factorial layout within completely randomized design with four replications was used to survey the influence of barley extract on corn seeds. Treatments included plant organs extract (leaf, stem, root and total), and different barley extract densities (Nosrat cultivar) includes four levels of 0%, 25%, 50% and 100%. The influence of barley extract was significant on coleoptile weight, radicle weight, radicle length and coleoptile length. Plant organs had meaningful effect on germination rate, germination percentage, coleoptile weight, radicle weight, radicle length and coleoptile length. Among all experimental characteristics, coleoptiles length was influenced by interaction between barley extract and plant organ. Although, the highest germination rate and germination percentage was related to 25% and 100% of barley extract density, the maximum coleoptile weight, radicle weight, radicle length and coleoptiles length was related to control treatment (0%). Leaf extract has obtained the higher values of germination rate, germination percentage, coleoptile weight, radicle weight, radicle length and coleoptile length. Interaction between control treatment (0% plant extract) and stem extract had obtained the highest coleoptiles weight, radicle weight, radicle length and coleoptile length. Hence, from the obtained results, it can be concluded that the extracts of barley may have allelopathic influence on germination and seedling growth of corn.

scholarly journals SURVEY THE ALLELOPATHIC EFFECTS OF TOBACCO (NICOTIANA TABACUM L.) ON CORN (ZEA MAYS L.) GROWTH AND GERMINATION

2020 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 332-340
Author(s):  
M. KHOSHKHARAM ◽  
M. H. SHAHRAJABIAN ◽  
W. SUN ◽  
Q. CHENG
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Nicotiana Tabacum ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Coleoptile Length ◽  
Seed Technology ◽  
Stem Extract ◽  
Tobacco Extract ◽  
Radicle Length

Allelopathy is the direct influence of chemical released from one plant on the development and growth of another plant. The trial accomplished in seed technology laboratory of Faculty of Agriculture, Islamic Azad University of Isfahan, in 2018. A factorial layout within completely randomized design with four replications was used. Treatments included plant organs extract (leaf, stem, root and total plant), and different tobacco extract densities includes four levels of 0%, 25%, 50% and 100%. Control treatment (0% of tobacco extract) had obtained the highest value of germination rate, germination percentage, coleoptile weight, radicle weight, radicle length and coleoptile length. The maximum germination rate, germination percentage, coleoptiles weight, radicle weight, radicle length and coleoptiles length was related to extract of stem extract which had meaningful differences with other treatments. Both radicle and coleoptile length decreased with increase in concentration of tobacco extract. Tobacco extract has negatively effects on corn seeds by decreasing the germination rate. Tobacco may increase the presence of secondary metabolites, such as alkaloids, all of which may have different effects on seed germination percentage. The highest germination percentage (91.91%), coleoptile weight (0.046 mg), radicle weight (0.0161 mg), radicle length (7.24 mm), and coleoptiles length (6.45 mm) was related to interaction between control treatment (0% of extract) and stem extract. It is concluded that the extract of Nicotiana tabacum had both inhibitory and stimulatory effects on seedling growth of Zea mays.

scholarly journals AÇÃO DE EXTRATOS DE SORGO NA GERMINAÇÃO DE SEMENTES DE MILHO, ALFACE E CORDA-DE-VIOLA (Ipomoea sp.)

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 168
Author(s):  
TALITA CAMARGOS GOMES ◽  
DÉCIO KARAM ◽  
CIDÁLIA GABRIELA SANTOS MARINHO ◽  
BIANCA ASSIS BARBOSA MARTINS ◽  
MARIA LÚCIA FERREIRA SIMEONE ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Germination Rate ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Morning Glory ◽  
Allelopathic Effect ◽  
Corn Seed ◽  
Lettuce Seeds ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Cell Tissue ◽  
Sorghum Genotypes

RESUMO - O controle de plantas daninhas de forma agroecológica se faz necessário uma vez que os herbicidas são hoje uma das maiores causas de contaminação do homem e do ambiente. Este estudo objetivou identificação e quantificação de sorgoleone a partir de três genótipos de sorgo e a avaliação da ação desses extratos na germinação de sementes de milho, corda-de-viola e alface. A obtenção dos extratos utilizados foi a partir de 200 raízes/genótipo. A quantificação dos extratos foi realizada por LC-MS/MS. Foram avaliados a porcentagem de germinação e o índice de velocidade de germinação de sementes de milho, corda-de-viola e alface. Os tratamentos foram dispostos em delineamento inteiramente casualizados, com três repetições por 7 dias no escuro. Não há relação direta entre a produção de massa de extrato e a quantidade de sorgoleone produzido. A produção total de extratos a partir de raízes de plântulas de sorgo e a concentração de sorgololeone no tecido celular são variáveis entre genótipos de sorgo. Extratos com sorgoleone não afetaram a germinação e o índice de velocidade de germinação de sementes de milho. Apenas o índice de velocidade de germinação de sementes de alface foi alterado pelos extratos de sorgo. A germinação e o índice de velocidade de germinação da espécie corda-de-viola são afetados por extratos com sorgoleone.Palavras-chave: efeito alelopático, exsudato radicular, sorgoleone.SORGHUM EXTRACTS ACTION IN CORN SEED GERMINATION, LETTUCE AND MORNING GLORY (Ipomoea sp.)ABSTRACT - An agroecological weed control is desired once nowadays herbicides are the major causes of contamination of the environment. This work describes the identification and quantification of sorgoleone (SGL) from three sorghum genotypes. The activity of these extracts on the germination of maize, morning glory (Ipomoea sp.) and lettuce seeds was availed. The extracts were obtained from 200 roots/genotype. The quantification was done by LC-MS/MS procedure. The germination percentage (%G) and germination rate index (IVG) contents of maize, morning glory and lettuce seeds were evaluated, and the treatments were arranged in a completely randomized design, with three replicates for 7 days in the dark. There is no direct relationship between the mass production of extract and the amount of SGL produced. The total yield of extracts from sorghum seedlings roots, and the concentration of SGL in the cell tissue are variable among sorghum genotypes. Extracts with sorgoleone did not affect the germination and IVG of corn seeds. Only the IVG of lettuce seeds was altered by sorghum extracts. The germination and IVG of the morning glory species are affected by extracts with SGL.Keywords: allelopathic effect, root exudates, sorgoleone.

scholarly journals Effect of salinity on seed germination of some tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) varieties

2021 ◽  
pp. 76-82
Author(s):  
Getachew Shumye Adilu ◽  
Yohannes Gedamu Gebre
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Petri Dish ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Salinity Levels ◽  
Mean Germination Time ◽  
And Control

Salinity adversely affects 20-30% of the irrigated area in the world. Tomato is sensitive to salinity. It is one of the most severe abiotic factors of many agricultural crops and it becoming the main problem in Ethiopia. This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of different salinity levels on the seed germination parameters of tomato varieties. It was laid out in a completely randomized design with three replicates. The treatment included four tomato varieties (Sirinka, Weyno, ARP D2, and Roma VF) and five salinity levels (1 dS m-1, 2 dS m-1, 3 dS m-1, 4 dS m-1, and control). Fifty seeds were placed in a Petri dish over a moistened germination paper for germination and seedlings and allowed to grow for 14 days. The germination rate, speed and energy of tomato seeds were significantly (p < 0.001) affected by the combined effect of variety and salinity. The shortest mean germination time, the highest mean germination rate, and the highest speed of germination were recorded in the ARP D2 variety in the control treatment. The lowest first and last days of germination, and the uncertainty of germination were recorded from ARP D2. However, an increase in the days of germination and in the uncertainty of germination, and a decrease in the germination index and total germination percentage trends were observed with increasing salinity levels. The highest level of salinity (4 dS m-1) affected the germination of tomato varieties. Among the four tested tomato varieties, ARP D2 and Roma VF were tolerant to salinity.

scholarly journals INVESTIGATION OF THE TiO2 NANOPARTICLES EFFECT ON SEED GERMINATION CHARACTERISTICS OF ZIZIPHORA CLINOPODIOIDES LAM.

2019 ◽  
pp. 49-61
Author(s):  
Reyhaneh Azimi ◽  
Mohammad Kia Kianian ◽  
Mohammad Pessarakli
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Tio2 Nanoparticles ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Germination Characteristics ◽  
Successful Establishment ◽  
High Concentrations

Improvement in the rate and amount of germination of seeds has a very important effect on the establish-ment of primary seedlings and the increase of rangeland production. The rapid and uniform germination of seeds leads to the successful establishment of plants. The use of nanoscale materials can help germinate faster seeds. Therefore, in this study, the effects of TiO2 nanoparticles in concentrations of 0, 10, 20, 30, 40, 60 and 80 mg / l on the rate and speed of seed germination of Ziziphora clinopodioides Lam. paid. This design was carried out in a completely randomized design with four replications for 20 days at a constant temperature of 20°C under 12 hours of light and 12 hours of darkness at the Germinator of Natural Resources Faculty of the Ferdowsi University of Mashhad. The results showed that germination percentage of treated seeds with TiO2 nanoparticles increased to 23% ppm compared to control treatment. Also, in other concentrations of other nanoparticles, there was a positive effect on speed and germination percentage, so that the effect of different concentrations of nanoparticles on germination characteristics of Ziziphora clinopodioides Lam. seeds was significant. The highest germination percentage was observed in the concentration of 30 ppm and the lowest germination rate at 30 and 20 ppm concentrations. In high concentrations of TiO2 nanoparticles, no positive effects were observed on the germination characteristics of seed Ziziphora clinopodioides Lam. To conclude the use of TiO2 nanoparticles can be improved by improving the seed germination properties of the medicinal plant Ziziphora clinopodioides Lam. that cause increases plant’s establishment in natural areas.

scholarly journals The effect of salinity on germination, emergence, seed yield and biomass of black cumin

2013 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahdi Faravani ◽  
Davazdeh Emami ◽  
Ali Gholami ◽  
Akram Faravani
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Nigella Sativa ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Seed Vigor ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Black Cumin ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Biological Yield

Salinity sensitivity of black cumin (Nigella sativa L.) was studied to determine salinity effects on germination, emergence, biological yield, seed yield and plant height. A set of experiments were conducted under completely randomized design in the germinator, greenhouse and field. Seeds of black cumin were grown in a growth chamber irrigated with normal water, electric conductivity (EC) of 0.3 dS m-1 as the control, and treatments amended with NaCl to obtain EC from 3 to 39 dS m-1. Different EC treatments (3-39 dS m-1, 3-15 dS m-1 and 3-9 dS m-1) were applied at different phenological stages of germination, emerging and seed setting, respectively. The effect of salinity on seed germination, germination rate, shoot length, root length, seedling weight, root to shoot ratio and seed vigor was significant at p<0.01. The highest germination rate (94.8%) was observed at the salinity of 3 dS m-1 and no germination was observed at the salinity of 36 dS m-1. Increase of salinity from 0.3 (control) up to 15 dS m-1 significantly (p<0.01) influenced the rate and percentage of emergence. The highest germination percentage (52.5%) and emergence rate (9.2 seedlings per day) were achieved in the control treatment. Seed yield, biomass and plant height were affected significantly (p<0.05) by different salinity treatments. The essential oil percentage was not significantly affected by salinity stress. With an increase in the salinity level from 0.3 to 9 dS m-1, the average seed yield and biological yield were decreased from 105.5 to 40.2 g m-2 and from 550.2 to 268.6 g m-2 respectively.

scholarly journals Effects of Saffron Corm and Leaf Extracts on Early Growth of Some Plants to Investigate the Possibility of Using Them as Associated Crop

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 282-287 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamid-Reza FALLAHI ◽  
Arezoo PARAVAR ◽  
Mohammad-Ali BEHDANI ◽  
Mahsa AGHHAVANI-SHAJARI ◽  
Mohammad-Javad FALLAHI
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Final Decision ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Growth Indices ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Randomized Design

Saffron intercropping with other plants needs to preliminary investigations about the possible negative interactions between saffron and associated crop. In this study, allelopathic effects of saffron leaf and corm extracts on germination and seedling growth indices of alfalfa (Medicago sativa), arugula (Eruca sativa) and rapeseed (Brassica napus) was investigated in six separate experiments based on completely randomized design. Experimental treatments were consisted of different levels of saffron leaf and corm extracts including 0, 0.75, 1.5, 3 and 6%. The maximum germination percentage of all selected crops was obtained at control treatment (on average 92%) and then decreased with increasing extracts concentration. So that, the germination percentage of arugula, canola and alfalfa in highest concentration of extracts were 18, 10 and 8% for leaf extract and 72, 68 and 93% for corm extract, respectively. The relatively similar trend was observed about germination rate, root and plumule lengths and dry weights. Therefore, the inhibitory effect of saffron leaf extract was more than corm extract on initial growth indices of studied plants. The lowest inhibitory effect of saffron leaf extract and even relatively high stimulatory effect of corm extract were obtained on alfalfa initial growth criteria. Considering the differences in allelochemicals mode of action and concentrations in laboratory bioassays with natural condition, it is necessary to investigate the effects of saffron residues on growth of selected associated crops in greenhouse and field scales for the final decision.

scholarly journals THE ROLE OF PRETREATMENT PARAMETERS ON SEED GERMINATION AND SEEDLING GROWTH OF TWO FENNEL CULTIVARS

2020 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-184
Author(s):  
M. KHOSHKHARAM ◽  
M. H. SHAHRAJABIAN ◽  
W. SUN ◽  
Q. CHENG
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Coleoptile Length ◽  
Effective Factor ◽  
Seedling Length ◽  
Germination Ability ◽  
Mean Time ◽  
Radicle Length

Fennel is one of the most important medicinal and spice plants and has become one of the most important economical medicinal plants in Mediterranean, and the Middle East. The germination ability and percentage are fundamental characteristics which influence the viability of the plants. Prechilling has meaningful influence on coleoptile length, radicle length, seedling length, germination percentage, mean time for germination and germination rate, but uniformity of seed germination did not significantly influenced by it. The cultivar effect was significant on coleoptile length, radicle length, seedling length, germination percentage and germination rate. However, mean time for germination and uniformity of seed germination did not significantly affected by cultivar. All experimental characteristics, except uniformity of seed germination, significantly influenced by hormone. The maximum coleoptile length, radicle length, seedling length, germination percentage and germination ratio was related to 45 days moist prechilling treatment. Isfahan cultivar also had obtained the highest coleoptile and radicle length, seedling length, germination percentage and germination ratio compare to Shiraz cultivar. It seems that application of endogenous GA3+KI and BA+KI concentration, which is provided mostly by chilling treatment, is the most effective factor for breaking the seed dormancy. On the basis of the results, usage of 45 days moist prechilling accompanied with application of GA3+KI and BA+KI in Isfahan cultivar was appropriate.

scholarly journals Efecto de medicamentos homeopáticos en la germinación y crecimiento inicial de Salicornia bigelovii (Torr.)

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
José Manuel Mazón Suástegui ◽  
Carlos Michel Ojeda Silvera ◽  
Yuneisy Milagro Agüero Fernández ◽  
Daulemys Batista Sánchez ◽  
Dailenys Batista Sánchez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Germination Rate ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Salicornia Bigelovii ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Randomized Experimental Design ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Radicle Length ◽  
Response Variables

The effect of homeopathic medicines on germination and initial growth of Salicornia bigelovii (Torr.) was evaluated under controlled conditions. A completely randomized experimental design was applied with three homeopathic treatments, Natrum muriaticum 7CH (NaM-7CH); Phosphoricum acidum 13CH (PhA-13CH); Natrum muriaticum 31CH (NaM-31CH); distilled water as control (AD) and six replicates per treatment. The response variables were the percentage and germination rate, stem and radicle length, and fresh and dry biomass of aerial and radicle parts. An analysis of variance and subsequent tests were performed to compare means (Tukey HSD, P ≤ 0.05) when a significant difference between treatments was found. A significant increase was observed in all the response variables evaluated in all the homeopathic treatments with respect to control (AD). The variables with the highest response were germination percentage, with values up to 44% and stem and radicle length with 35% above the control treatment in plants treated with NaM-7CH. These results confirmed the positive effect of homeopathic medicines on germination and initial growth of S. bigelovii, revealing that agricultural homeopathy, particularly NaM-7CH, PhA-13CH and NaM-31CH treatments, is a viable alternative to optimize the cultivation of species since it increases germination percentage and stimulates initial growth.

The Effect of High Concentrations of Ethylene on Seed Germination of Douglas Fir (Pseudotsugamenziesii (Mirb.) Franco)

1975 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 419-423 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carey Borno ◽  
Iain E. P. Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Douglas Fir ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Continuous Exposure ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Short Term Exposure ◽  
High Concentrations

Stratified, imbibed Douglas fir (Pseudotsugamenziesii (Mirb.) Franco) seeds were exposed to 100% ethylene for times between 0 and 366 h. Germination rate and germination percentage were increased by treatments up to 48 h. The 12-h treatment gave largest stimulation; 30% enhancement of final germination percentage over control. Treatment for 96 h caused increased germination rate for the first 5 days but reduced the germination percentage. Germinants were subject to continuous exposure to atmospheres containing 0.1 – 200 000 ppm ethylene in air, but it did not stimulate growth, and the gas was inhibitory above 100 ppm. Although some effects of high concentrations of ethylene may have been due to the lowering of oxygen supplies, this alone was insufficient to account for the full inhibitory effect. The mechanism of stimulation by short-term exposure to ethylene is discussed.

scholarly journals Phytotoxicity of Chitosan and SiO2 Nanoparticles to Seed Germination of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) Plants

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 242-249 ◽  
Author(s):  
Faride BEHBOUDI ◽  
Zeinalabedin TAHMASEBI SARVESTANI ◽  
Mohamad Zaman KASSAEE ◽  
Seyed Ali Mohamad MODARES SANAVI ◽  
Ali SOROOSHZADEH
Keyword(s):  
Germination Rate ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Sio2 Nanoparticles ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Direct Exposure ◽  
Contrast Exposure ◽  
Mean Germination Time

Plants such as wheat and barley that are strategically important crops need to be considered to develop a comprehensive toxicity profile for nanoparticles (NPs). The present study was aimed to investigate the effects of chitosan and SiO2 NPs on wheat and barley plants. Two factorial experiments (seeds priming and direct exposure) were performed based on a completely randomized design in four replications. Results showed that the seeds priming with the NPs had not significant effect on germination parameters such as Germination Percentage (GP), Germination Rate (GR), Germination Value (GV), Mean Germination Time (MGT), Pick Value (PV) and Mean Daily Germination (MDG). In contrast, exposure of the seeds to the NPs had significant effects on these parameters. In both experiments, treatments had significant effects on shoot, seedling, root length, fresh and dry weight, as well as vigor indexes as compared to the control. In most traits, the best concentration of NPs was 30 ppm, whereas applications of the NPs with 90 ppm displayed adverse effects on majority of the studied traits. According to these results, selectivity in applications of NPs with suitable concentration and method is essential for different plant species.  

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document