AÇÃO DE EXTRATOS DE SORGO NA GERMINAÇÃO DE SEMENTES DE MILHO, ALFACE E CORDA-DE-VIOLA (Ipomoea sp.)

RESUMO - O controle de plantas daninhas de forma agroecológica se faz necessário uma vez que os herbicidas são hoje uma das maiores causas de contaminação do homem e do ambiente. Este estudo objetivou identificação e quantificação de sorgoleone a partir de três genótipos de sorgo e a avaliação da ação desses extratos na germinação de sementes de milho, corda-de-viola e alface. A obtenção dos extratos utilizados foi a partir de 200 raízes/genótipo. A quantificação dos extratos foi realizada por LC-MS/MS. Foram avaliados a porcentagem de germinação e o índice de velocidade de germinação de sementes de milho, corda-de-viola e alface. Os tratamentos foram dispostos em delineamento inteiramente casualizados, com três repetições por 7 dias no escuro. Não há relação direta entre a produção de massa de extrato e a quantidade de sorgoleone produzido. A produção total de extratos a partir de raízes de plântulas de sorgo e a concentração de sorgololeone no tecido celular são variáveis entre genótipos de sorgo. Extratos com sorgoleone não afetaram a germinação e o índice de velocidade de germinação de sementes de milho. Apenas o índice de velocidade de germinação de sementes de alface foi alterado pelos extratos de sorgo. A germinação e o índice de velocidade de germinação da espécie corda-de-viola são afetados por extratos com sorgoleone.Palavras-chave: efeito alelopático, exsudato radicular, sorgoleone.SORGHUM EXTRACTS ACTION IN CORN SEED GERMINATION, LETTUCE AND MORNING GLORY (Ipomoea sp.)ABSTRACT - An agroecological weed control is desired once nowadays herbicides are the major causes of contamination of the environment. This work describes the identification and quantification of sorgoleone (SGL) from three sorghum genotypes. The activity of these extracts on the germination of maize, morning glory (Ipomoea sp.) and lettuce seeds was availed. The extracts were obtained from 200 roots/genotype. The quantification was done by LC-MS/MS procedure. The germination percentage (%G) and germination rate index (IVG) contents of maize, morning glory and lettuce seeds were evaluated, and the treatments were arranged in a completely randomized design, with three replicates for 7 days in the dark. There is no direct relationship between the mass production of extract and the amount of SGL produced. The total yield of extracts from sorghum seedlings roots, and the concentration of SGL in the cell tissue are variable among sorghum genotypes. Extracts with sorgoleone did not affect the germination and IVG of corn seeds. Only the IVG of lettuce seeds was altered by sorghum extracts. The germination and IVG of the morning glory species are affected by extracts with SGL.Keywords: allelopathic effect, root exudates, sorgoleone.

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Allelopathy of aqueous Pachyrhizus erosus L. extracts on Euphorbia heterophylla and Bidens pilosa

Pesquisa Agropecuária Tropical ◽

10.1590/1983-40632018v4851117 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 48 (1) ◽

pp. 59-65

Author(s):

Jaqueline de Araujo Barbosa ◽

Silvio Douglas Ferreira ◽

Adriana Cologni Salvalaggio ◽

Neumárcio Vilanova da Costa ◽

Márcia de Moraes Echer

Keyword(s):

Germination Rate ◽

Germination Percentage ◽

Tuberous Root ◽

Allelopathic Effect ◽

Root Extract ◽

Weed Species ◽

Bidens Pilosa ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Pachyrhizus Erosus ◽

Dry Biomass

ABSTRACT Allelopathy contributes to the sustainable management of weeds in growing areas, due to its ability to inhibit the development of weed species. This study aimed to evaluate the allelopathic effect of Pachyrhizus erosus extract on Euphorbia heterophylla and Bidens pilosa germination. The experiment was carried out in a completely randomized design, in a 2 x 2 x 4 factorial scheme, with four replications. The first factor corresponded to the plant portion (shoot and tuberous root), the second to the extract preparation method (water at room temperature and boiling) and the third to the extract concentrations (0 %, 25 %, 50 % and 100 %). Phytochemical analyses were performed to identify the presence of secondary metabolites. The variables germination percentage, germination rate index and dry biomass decreased with increasing aqueous extract concentrations for both E. heterophylla and B. pilosa. When applied a P. erosus crude shoot extract (boiling), decreases of 18 % and 92 % were observed in the E. heterophylla and B. pilosa germination, respectively, with a decrease of 91 % in the dry biomass of E. heterophylla seedlings. The tuberous root extract (boiling), on the other hand, reduced the germination percentages for E. heterophylla and B. pilosa in 18 % and 80 %, respectively. The phytochemical evaluation indicated the presence of flavonoids, coumarins and saponins in the shoot and tuberous root extracts, while tannins were only observed in the shoot extract. Thus, it can be concluded that P. erosus extracts display an allelopathic effect on the weed species evaluated.

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Barley Residues Allelopathic Effects on Corn Seed Germination and Seedlings Growth

Cercetari Agronomice in Moldova ◽

10.2478/cerce-2019-0003 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 52 (1) ◽

pp. 26-33

Author(s):

M. Khoshkharam ◽

W. Sun ◽

Q. Cheng ◽

M.H. Shahrajabian

Keyword(s):

Germination Rate ◽

Germination Percentage ◽

Control Treatment ◽

Coleoptile Length ◽

Plant Organs ◽

Corn Seed ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Stem Extract ◽

Four Levels ◽

Radicle Length

Abstract Allelopathy is the detrimental effect of one crop on germination or development of a plant of another species. A factorial layout within completely randomized design with four replications was used to survey the influence of barley extract on corn seeds. Treatments included plant organs extract (leaf, stem, root and total), and different barley extract densities (Nosrat cultivar) includes four levels of 0%, 25%, 50% and 100%. The influence of barley extract was significant on coleoptile weight, radicle weight, radicle length and coleoptile length. Plant organs had meaningful effect on germination rate, germination percentage, coleoptile weight, radicle weight, radicle length and coleoptile length. Among all experimental characteristics, coleoptiles length was influenced by interaction between barley extract and plant organ. Although, the highest germination rate and germination percentage was related to 25% and 100% of barley extract density, the maximum coleoptile weight, radicle weight, radicle length and coleoptiles length was related to control treatment (0%). Leaf extract has obtained the higher values of germination rate, germination percentage, coleoptile weight, radicle weight, radicle length and coleoptile length. Interaction between control treatment (0% plant extract) and stem extract had obtained the highest coleoptiles weight, radicle weight, radicle length and coleoptile length. Hence, from the obtained results, it can be concluded that the extracts of barley may have allelopathic influence on germination and seedling growth of corn.

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Phytotoxicity of Chitosan and SiO2 Nanoparticles to Seed Germination of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) Plants

Notulae Scientia Biologicae ◽

10.15835/nsb9210075 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 242-249 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Faride BEHBOUDI ◽

Zeinalabedin TAHMASEBI SARVESTANI ◽

Mohamad Zaman KASSAEE ◽

Seyed Ali Mohamad MODARES SANAVI ◽

Ali SOROOSHZADEH

Keyword(s):

Germination Rate ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Sio2 Nanoparticles ◽

Triticum Aestivum L ◽

Germination Percentage ◽

Hordeum Vulgare L ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Direct Exposure ◽

Contrast Exposure ◽

Mean Germination Time

Plants such as wheat and barley that are strategically important crops need to be considered to develop a comprehensive toxicity profile for nanoparticles (NPs). The present study was aimed to investigate the effects of chitosan and SiO2 NPs on wheat and barley plants. Two factorial experiments (seeds priming and direct exposure) were performed based on a completely randomized design in four replications. Results showed that the seeds priming with the NPs had not significant effect on germination parameters such as Germination Percentage (GP), Germination Rate (GR), Germination Value (GV), Mean Germination Time (MGT), Pick Value (PV) and Mean Daily Germination (MDG). In contrast, exposure of the seeds to the NPs had significant effects on these parameters. In both experiments, treatments had significant effects on shoot, seedling, root length, fresh and dry weight, as well as vigor indexes as compared to the control. In most traits, the best concentration of NPs was 30 ppm, whereas applications of the NPs with 90 ppm displayed adverse effects on majority of the studied traits. According to these results, selectivity in applications of NPs with suitable concentration and method is essential for different plant species.

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Application of Young Coconut Water and “Kascing” Fertilizer to Red Palm Seed Germination

Jurnal ILMU DASAR ◽

10.19184/jid.v18i1.2115 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 18 (1) ◽

pp. 17

Author(s):

Fatimatuz Zuhro ◽

Hasni Ummul Hasanah ◽

Sukadi Sukadi

Keyword(s):

Seed Germination ◽

Germination Rate ◽

Water Concentration ◽

Germination Percentage ◽

Coconut Water ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Completely Randomized Design

Redpalm isornamentplantwhichpotentiallytobecultured.Thescarcityofredpalmmadeithashighmarket value and need to be preserved. However, the germination growth of red palm is slower than other kinds of palm, so the best way to germinate the red palm seed is needed. The aim of this research is to determine the effect of apliccation some young coconut water concentration and kascing fertilizer to red palm seed germination. The research used factorial completely randomized design with 5 replication, the first factor is young coconut water concentration (0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100%) and the second factor is germination media (steril sand and kascing fertilizer). Variables measured were live germination percentage, speed germination rate, radicula length, and plumula height. Results of this study showed that the best germination media is steril sand and 0% concentration of young coconut water.

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Pengaruh Media Dan Periode Simpan Terhadap Viabilitas Benih Cengkeh Tuni (Syzygium aromaticum L.)

JURNAL BUDIDAYA PERTANIAN ◽

10.30598/jbdp.2018.14.2.97 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 14 (2) ◽

pp. 97-104

Author(s):

Marselina Noya ◽

Johan Riry ◽

Marthini Lesilolo

Keyword(s):

Storage Time ◽

Germination Rate ◽

Storage Period ◽

Germination Percentage ◽

Syzygium Aromaticum ◽

Storage Media ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Vigor Index ◽

The Media ◽

And Storage

This study aims to examine the influence of the media and the storage period on the viability of clove seeds. The study was conducted at the Ambon Plant Crops Protection and Protection Center laboratory. The study used a factorial completely randomized design with two types of factors and three replications. The storage media consists of 3 levels, namely: Without the storage media, the media for storing rice husk and the media for storing sawdust. The second factor is the storage period consists of 4 levels, namely: 10 days storage, 20 days storage, 30 days storage and 40 days storage. The parameters measured were germination power, germination rate, and vigor index. Storage media and storage period significantly affected germination and vigor indexes but did not significantly affect germination rates. The results showed that the sawdust storage media was a good medium for storing clove seeds (Syzygium aromaticum L.). This can be seen in the results of the average germination of clove seeds stored in powder storage media with a storage time of 10 days giving better results of 85% compared to rice husks at a storage time of 10 days with a germination percentage of 65%. Keywords: clove seeds, save media, save period ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh media dan periode simpan terhadap viabilitas benih cengkeh. Penelitian dilaksanakan di laboratorium Balai Besar Perbenihan dan Proteksi Tanaman Perkebunan Ambon. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap pola faktorial dengan dua macam faktor dan tiga kali ulangan. Media simpan terdiri dari 3 taraf yaitu: Tanpa media simpan, media simpan sekam padi dan media simpan serbuk gergaji. Faktor kedua adalah periode simpan terdiri dari 4 taraf yaitu: penyimpanan 10 hari, penyimpanan 20 hari, penyimpanan 30 hari dan penyimpanan 40 hari. Parameter yang diukur adalah daya berkecambah, laju perkecambahan dan indeks vigor. Media simpan dan periode penyimpanan berpengaruh nyata pada persentase perkecambahan dan indeks vigor tetapi tidak berpengaruh nyata pada laju perkecambahan. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa media simpan serbuk gergaji merupakan media yang baik bagi penyimpanan benih cengkeh (Syzygium aromaticum L.). Hal ini terlihat pada hasil rata-rata daya berkecambah benih cengkeh yang disimpan pada media simpan serbuk dengan lama penyimpanan selama 10 hari memberikan hasil yang lebih baik yakni 85% jika dibandingkan dengan sekam padi pada lama penyimpanan 10 hari dengan persentase perkecambahan 65%. Kata Kunci: benih cengkeh, media simpan, periode simpan

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Effect of seed priming with kinetin on germination indices and proline activity of Silybum marianum L. under drought stress conditions

International Journal of Life Sciences ◽

10.3126/ijls.v9i1.11919 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 6-11

Author(s):

Abolfazl Masoumi Zavariyan ◽

Mojtaba Yousefi Rad ◽

Mohsen Asghari

Keyword(s):

Drought Stress ◽

Germination Rate ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Seed Priming ◽

Germination Percentage ◽

Seed Vigor ◽

Silybum Marianum ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Seedling Length ◽

Germination Indices

For investigation of the effect of seed priming by kinetin on germination indices and proline activity of Silybum marianum L. under drought stress, factorial experiment based on completely randomized design with two factor includingdifferent concentrations of kinetin (0, 10 and 20 ppm) and different levels of drought stress including 0, -6 and -12 barat three replicates was carried out. According to the results, drought stress and kinetin individualy cause to decreases of germination percentage, germination rate, seedling length, seed vigor and seedling dry weight but uses of kinetin in drought stress condition improvment of them. Also, drought stress cause to increases of proline content and catalase activity. Therefore, seed priming with 10 ppm kinetin at drought stress was improved the germination indices of Silybum marianum L.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ijls.v9i1.11919 International Journal of Life Sciences Vol.9(1) 2015 6-11

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Morphometry and Germination of Passovia pyrifolia, Struthanthus marginatus and Phoradendron mucronatum Diaspores

Planta Daninha ◽

10.1590/s0100-83582018360100010 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 36 (0) ◽

Author(s):

J.M.L. AZEVEDO ◽

C.G.G. SANTOS ◽

C.S. CAIRES ◽

J.C. ARAÚJO NETO ◽

R.C. SOUZA

Keyword(s):

Moisture Content ◽

Germination Rate ◽

Germination Percentage ◽

Percentage Germination ◽

Essential Characteristic ◽

Germination Time ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Different Temperatures ◽

Mean Germination Time ◽

Completely Randomized Design

ABSTRACT: The goal of this work was to characterize morphometrically diaspores from three species of mistletoes (Passovia pyrifolia, Struthanthus marginatus e Phoradendron mucronatum), as well as to study its germination behavior according to temperature and luminosity. In germination tests, the completely randomized design was used, in factor scheme 4 x 2, with 4 replications of 15 diaspores. The factors for the first test were different temperatures and two diaspore conditions (intact and without epicarp). In the second test, factors were different light qualities and two diaspore conditions. The analyzed variables were: germination percentage, germination rate index (GRI) and mean germination time (MGT). Mistletoe’s diaspores present an elliptic shape with viscin layer, an essential characteristic for the dispersion of the species. In addition to this, they present a distinction as for the moisture content when compared to the Loranthaceae and Viscaceae, where the latter presents the highest content. Germination is greater at the alternated temperature of 20-30 oC for P. pyrifolia and P. mucronatum diaspores and 20 oC for S. marginatus. Luminosity interfered in the germination of P. mucronatum and S. marginatus but did not influence P. pyrifolia. The diaspore condition influenced the germination of the three studied species, observing a significant increase in their germination when the epicarp was removed. Temperature and luminosity interfere directly in the GRI and MGT of the three mistletoes species.

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Allelopathic activity of aqueous decomposed leaf litter extracts on the germination and early seedling growth of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) in Aden, Yemen

World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews ◽

10.30574/wjarr.2021.10.2.0216 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 191-195

Author(s):

Hana A. Al-Quhbi ◽

Amna A.I. Saeed ◽

Abdul Nasser Al-Gifri

Keyword(s):

Leaf Litter ◽

Seedling Growth ◽

Growth Parameters ◽

Germination Rate ◽

Germination Percentage ◽

Allelopathic Effect ◽

Early Seedling Growth ◽

Early Seedling ◽

The Difference ◽

Radicle Length

Allelopathic effect of Aqueous decomposed leaf litter from four common trees and shrubs in Aden governorate, Yemen was investigated on the germination and early seedling growth of Cowpea, the test crop was subjected to four concentrations of 25, 50, 75 and 100% of the aqueous extract, while a control was maintained at 0% extract level. The study carried out in the laboratory of Botany at Faculty of Education, University of Aden. The Percentage of germination, Germination rate per plate, radicle length, plumule, (hypo and epicotyl lengths) observed. Data was recorded at 24 hours interval after germination for 15 days, the research revealed delayed germination rate per plate and a significant reduction in the radicle length and germination percentage (data was collected on percentage germination; plant height. Results obtained showed that significant reduction in the growth parameters considered at 100% and 75%, while at 50% and 25% the difference was not significant. From the result obtained, it can concluded that Conocarpus lancefolius and Thevetia peruviana possess allelopathic effect that inhibit the germination and early seedling growth of Cowpea, hence at 100% concentration.

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Germination of Primed Seed under NaCl Stress in Wheat

ISRN Botany ◽

10.5402/2012/167804 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 2012 ◽

pp. 1-5 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Michael P. Fuller ◽

Jalal H. Hamza ◽

Hail Z. Rihan ◽

Mohammad Al-Issawi

Keyword(s):

Salt Stress ◽

Germination Rate ◽

Arable Land ◽

Nacl Stress ◽

Germination Percentage ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Nacl Concentration ◽

Mean Germination Time ◽

Coefficient Of Velocity ◽

Germination Indices

Soil salinity affects a large and increasing amount of arable land worldwide, and genetic and agronomic solutions to increasing salt tolerance are urgently needed. Experiments were conducted to improve wheat seed performance under salinity stress conditions after priming. An experiment was conducted using a completely randomized design of four replications for germination indices in wheat (Triticum aestivum L. cv. Caxton). Normal and primed seed with PEG6000 at MPa and five concentrations of NaCl (0, 50, 100, 150, and 200 mM) were tested. Results indicate that priming seed significantly () increased germination percentage at first count and final count, coefficient of velocity of germination, germination rate index, and mean germination time, while increasing of NaCl concentration significantly reduced it. Priming seed improved germination attributes at all NaCl concentration levels. The priming appeared to be able to overcome the effect of salt stress at 50 to 100 mM and reduce the effect of NaCl at higher concentrations up to 200 mM. The primed seed gave both faster germination and led to higher germination when under salt stress. We conclude that using priming techniques can effectively enhance the germination seed under saline condition.

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Fitoquímica e Alelopatia da Aroeira -Vermelha (Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi) na Germinação de Sementes

Ensaios e Ciência C Biológicas Agrárias e da Saúde ◽

10.17921/1415-6938.2021v25n1p02-08 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 25 (1) ◽

pp. 02-08

Author(s):

Gislayne de Araujo Bitencourt ◽

Cibele Caren Moraes Gonçalves ◽

Artur Guerra Rosa ◽

Deizeluci De Fátima Pereira Zanella ◽

Rosemary Matias

Keyword(s):

Lactuca Sativa ◽

Color Change ◽

Eucalyptus Camaldulensis ◽

Allelopathic Effect ◽

Alcoholic Extract ◽

Schinus Terebinthifolius ◽

Lettuce Seeds ◽

Lactuca Sativa L ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Germination And Growth

Os compostos alelopáticos podem afetar o crescimento e inibir a germinação das espécies. O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar a fitoquímica e o efeito alelopático do extrato das folhas de Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi na germinação e crescimento de plântulas de Lactuca sativa L. e, posteriormente, aplicar a metodologia em eucalipto vermelho (Eucalyptus camaldulensis). Os compostos químicos foram determinados em extrato alcoólico das folhas, comparados e contrastados observando a alteração de cor. As sementes de alface e eucalipto vermelho foram distribuídas em gerbox contendo papel filtro como substrato, umedecido com 7 mL do extrato aquoso das folhas frescas, nas seguintes concen trações: (0; 12,5; 25; 50; 75 e 100%). Para todas as análises e experimentos foram utilizados três repetições. Os gerbox foram distribuídos em um delineamento inteiramente casualizado, mantidos em câmara de germinação com temperatura de 20 °C para alface e 28°C para eucalipto e fotoperíodo de 12 horas. Durante o segundo e quinto dia foram realizadas contagens das sementes germinadas de alface. O período de avaliação do experimento foi de cinco dias para alface e 12 dias para eucalipto. Ao final, foram determinadas as porcentagens de germinação, comprimento da raiz e de parte aérea das plântulas. Os resultados demonstraram interferência negativa na germinação e crescimento de alface e eucalipto em função do aumento da concentração do extrato. Entre os aleloquímicos predominantes estão os compostos fenólicos e derivados, com destaque aos flavonoides, terpenos e heterosídeos cardioativos o que pode estar relacionados ao efeito alelopático negativo da aroeira. O uso da aroeira associado ao eucalipto deve ser feito com um manejo adequado. Palavras-chave: Alface. Aleloquímicos. Anacardiaceae. Eucalipto. Efeito Alelopático. Abstract Allelopathic compounds can affect growth and inhibit species germination. The objective of this work was to analyze the phytochemistry and the allelopathic effect of extract of Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi leaves on the Lactuca sativa L. seedlings germination and growth and later apply the methodology in red eucalyptus (Eucalyptus camaldulensis). The chemical compounds were determined in the leaves alcoholic extract, compared and contrasted observing the color change. The lettuce and red eucalyptus seeds were distributed in a gearbox containing filter paper as a substrate, moistened with 7 mL of the fresh leaves aqueous extract in the following concentrations: (0; 12.5; 25; 50; 75 and 100%). For all analyzes and experiments, three repetitions were used. The gearbox was distributed in a completely randomized design, maintained in a germination chamber with a temperature of 20 °C for lettuce and 28 °C for eucalyptus and a photoperiod of 12 hours. Germinated lettuce seeds were counted during the second and fifth days. The experiment evaluation period was five days for lettuce and 12 days for eucalyptus. At the end, the germination percentages, root length and the seedlings aerial part were determined. The results showed negative interference in the germination and growth of lettuce and eucalyptus due to the extract increased concentration. The most frequent allelochemicals were flavonoids, terpenes, tannins, anthocyanins and heterosides, which are probably related to the negative allelopathic effect. The use of aroeira associated with eucalyptus must be done with proper management. Keywords: Lettuce, Allelochemicals Anacardiaceae. Eucalyptus. Allelopathic Effect.

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