scholarly journals Corrosion Effect of 65% Nitrate Acid on X4CrNi1812 at 333 K

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 425-432
Author(s):  
Tomasz Lipiński ◽  
Dariusz Karpisz
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Austenitic Stainless Steel ◽  
Construction Material ◽  
Austenitic Stainless Steels ◽  
Steel Corrosion ◽  
Constructional Material ◽  
Design Stage ◽  
Roughness Parameters ◽  
Aggressive Environment

Abstract Austenitic stainless steels are often used for a materials in the construction of machines and equipment for agricultural and for industrial construction. One of the most important factors constructional material is corrosion resistance. Equipment with austenitic stainless steel can be easy join by quickly welding at a not to high construction price, but one with the serious problem in aggressive environment is their corrosion resistance. A few corrosion processes in crevices and awkward corners can be avoided at the design stage (low roughness parameters, round-section and other). But still the construction material is exposed to corrosion. These steels often come into contact with an aggressive environment based on nitric acid. The main aim of this research is to investigate corrosion resistance in different time (48, 96, 144, 192, 240, 288, 336 hours). For this used weight loss of test samples and its profile roughness. The research was conducted on austenitic stainless steel in grade in Nitrate acid at 333 K. Corrosion tests confirmed that the research this steel in 65% nitrate acid as a corrosive environments is characterized through proportionate to time corrosion process whose measure may be surface roughness. In industrial practice roughness parameters for all the research times can be used for determine the stage and size of steel corrosion.

scholarly journals CORROSION EFFECT OF ANIMAL SLURRY ON LOW CARBON S235JR STEEL AT 333 K

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomasz LIPINSKI
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Construction Material ◽  
Low Carbon Steel ◽  
Steel Corrosion ◽  
Carbon Steels ◽  
Design Stage ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Roughness Parameters ◽  
Animal Slurry

Low-carbon steels are often used for materials in the construction of machines and equipment for agricultural. One of the most important factors constructional material is corrosion resistance, first of all in demanding animal environment. Equipment with low carbon steel can be easy join by quickly welding at a low construction price, but one with the serious problem in aggressive environment is their corrosion resistance. A few corrosion processes in crevices and awkward corners can be avoided at the design stage (low roughness parameters, round-section and other). But still the construction material is exposed to corrosion. Slurry is a mixture of dung and urine. The aggressive corrosive constituents in slurry are urea, uric acid, naturally excreted chloride and as well as ammonia or ammonium salts. The main aim of this research is to investigate corrosion resistance in different time (48, 96, 144, 192, 240, 288, 336 hours). For this used weight loss of test samples and its profile roughness. The research was conducted on low carbon steel in grade S235JR in natural animal slurry at 333 K. Corrosion tests confirmed that the research this steel in animal slurry as corrosive environments is characterized through proportionate to time corrosion process whose measure may be surface roughness. In industrial practice roughness parameters for all the research times can be used for determine the stage and size of steel corrosion.

ALZ 316

Alloy Digest ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 48 (8) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Austenitic Stainless Steel ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Stainless Steels ◽  
Austenitic Stainless Steels ◽  
Heat Treating

Abstract ALZ 316 is an austenitic stainless steel with good formability, corrosion resistance, toughness, and mechanical properties. It is the basic grade of the stainless steels, containing 2 to 3% molybdenum. After the 304 series, the molybdenum-containing stainless steels are the most widely used austenitic stainless steels. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, elasticity, and tensile properties. It also includes information on corrosion resistance as well as forming, heat treating, and joining. Filing Code: SS-756. Producer or source: ALZ nv.

CARTECH 347

Alloy Digest ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 70 (9) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Austenitic Stainless Steel ◽  
Stainless Steels ◽  
Intergranular Corrosion ◽  
Austenitic Stainless Steels ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Intermittent Heating ◽  
Technology Corporation ◽  
Carpenter Technology Corporation

Abstract CarTech 347 is a niobium+tantalum stabilized austenitic stainless steel. Like Type 321 austenitic stainless steel, it has superior intergranular corrosion resistance as compared to typical 18-8 austenitic stainless steels. Since niobium and tantalum have stronger affinity for carbon than chromium, carbides of those elements tend to precipitate randomly within the grains instead of forming continuous patterns at the grain boundaries. CarTech 347 should be considered for applications requiring intermittent heating between 425 and 900 °C (800 and 1650 °F). This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, and tensile properties. It also includes information on corrosion resistance as well as forming, heat treating, machining, and joining. Filing Code: SS-1339. Producer or source: Carpenter Technology Corporation.

scholarly journals Surface Modification of a Nickel-Free Austenitic Stainless Steel by Low-Temperature Nitriding

Metals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 1845
Author(s):  
Francesca Borgioli ◽  
Emanuele Galvanetto ◽  
Tiberio Bacci
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Austenitic Stainless Steel ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Stainless Steels ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Surface Hardness ◽  
Austenitic Stainless Steels ◽  
Surface Layers ◽  
Modified Surface

Low-temperature nitriding allows to improve surface hardening of austenitic stainless steels, maintaining or even increasing their corrosion resistance. The treatment conditions to be used in order to avoid the precipitation of large amounts of nitrides are strictly related to alloy composition. When nickel is substituted by manganese as an austenite forming element, the production of nitride-free modified surface layers becomes a challenge, since manganese is a nitride forming element while nickel is not. In this study, the effects of nitriding conditions on the characteristics of the modified surface layers obtained on an austenitic stainless steel having a high manganese content and a negligible nickel one, a so-called nickel-free austenitic stainless steel, were investigated. Microstructure, phase composition, surface microhardness, and corrosion behavior in 5% NaCl were evaluated. The obtained results suggest that the precipitation of a large volume fraction of nitrides can be avoided using treatment temperatures lower than those usually employed for nickel-containing austenitic stainless steels. Nitriding at 360 and 380 °C for duration up to 5 h allows to produce modified surface layers, consisting mainly of the so-called expanded austenite or gN, which increase surface hardness in comparison with the untreated steel. Using selected conditions, corrosion resistance can also be significantly improved.

Effect of Rare Earth on the Inclusions and Pitting Resistance of Austenitic Stainless Steel

2013 ◽  
Vol 718-720 ◽  
pp. 29-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao Liu ◽  
Yu Bo
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Rare Earth ◽  
Austenitic Stainless Steel ◽  
Pitting Corrosion ◽  
Stainless Steels ◽  
Anodic Polarization ◽  
Austenitic Stainless Steels ◽  
Metallographic Examination ◽  
Pitting Corrosion Resistance

The anodic polarization curves of 21Cr-11Ni austenitic stainless steels with various RE contents in 3.5% NaCl neutral solutions have been measured by electrochemical methods. The effect of RE on pitting corrosion resistance of 21Cr-11Ni stainless steels has been studied by the metallographic examination. The results show that sulfide and other irregular inclusions are modified to round or oval-shaped RE2O2S and RES after adding RE to 21Cr-11Ni stainless steesl. RE makes sulfide, and other irregular inclusions change to dispersed round or oval-shaped RE inclusions, effectively inhibits the occurrence of pitting corrosion, thereby enhancing the corrosion resistance of 21Cr-11Ni austenitic stainless steels.

scholarly journals Investigation of corrosion rate of X55CrMo14 stainless steel at 65% nitrate acid at 348 K

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 108-111
Author(s):  
Tomasz Lipiński
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Nitric Acid ◽  
Construction Material ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Design Stage ◽  
Roughness Parameters ◽  
Steel Microstructure ◽  
Round Section ◽  
Corrosive Environments ◽  
Physical And Chemical

Abstract A number of factors determine the mechanical, but also physical and chemical properties. One of the most important are the steel microstructure and its working conditions. A few corrosion processes in crevices and awkward corners can be avoided at the design stage (low roughness parameters, round-section and other). But still the construction material is exposed to corrosion. These steels often come into contact with an aggressive environment based on nitric acid. Stainless steel is more and more often used in many sectors of industry. The purpose of this article is to investigate corrosion resistance in different time (48, 96, 144, 192, 240, 288, 336, 384 and 432 hours) using weight loss and profile roughness parameters of martensitic steel in grade X55CrMo14 in nitric acid 65% pure-basic at temperature 348 K. Corrosion tests show that the tested steel in nitric acid as a corrosive environments is characterized through continuous corrosion process whose measure may be surface roughness.

A review of progress on high nitrogen austenitic stainless-steel research

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 1901-1925
Author(s):  
Shuai Li ◽  
Chengsong Zhang ◽  
Jiping Lu ◽  
Ruiduo Chen ◽  
Dazhi Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Austenitic Stainless Steel ◽  
Stainless Steels ◽  
Austenitic Stainless Steels ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
High Nitrogen ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
The Past ◽  
Wide Range

High nitrogen austenitic stainless steels are commonly used in wide range of applications because of their excellent properties, attracting super attention over the past decades. Compared with other metal materials, high nitrogen austenitic stainless steel increases the nitrogen content under the premise that the structure is austenite, giving it excellent mechanical properties and corrosion resistance. Based on relevant documents from the past ten years, this article summarizes and compares three preparation methods for high nitrogen austenitic stainless steels, namely: powder nitriding, melt nitriding and bulk nitriding. They can be divided into six categories according to other differences as explained by the latest research progress on strengthening and toughening mechanism for high nitrogen austenitic stainless steels: composite structure strengthening, fine grain strengthening, precipitation strengthening and strain strengthening. This article also reviews the research progress on excellent properties of high nitrogen stainless steel, including strength, hardness and corrosion resistance. It further describes the emerging nickel-free high nitrogen austenitic stainless steels and its biocompatibility. Welding applications of high nitrogen austenitic stainless steels are also described from three aspects: friction stir welding, arc welding and brass solder. Finally, this article puts forward the development direction of high nitrogen austenitic stainless steels in the future.

On Corrosion Resistance Of Austenitic Stainless Steel Clad Layer on a Low Alloy Steel

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 20
Author(s):  
Manas Kumar Saha ◽  
Ritesh Hazra ◽  
Ajit Mondal ◽  
Santanu Das
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Austenitic Stainless Steel ◽  
Alloy Steel ◽  
Low Alloy Steel ◽  
Clad Layer

UGIMA 4404 HM

Alloy Digest ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 62 (9) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Austenitic Stainless Steel ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
General Purpose ◽  
Corrosion Resistant

Abstract Ugima 440 HM is a general-purpose, corrosion resistant austenitic stainless steel with added molybdenum (300 series with 2–2.5% Mo). It features improved machinability compared with 4404 or 316L. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, elasticity, and tensile properties. It also includes information on corrosion resistance as well as forming, heat treating, machining, and joining. Filing Code: SS-1156. Producer or source: Schmolz + Bickenbach USA Inc..

SANDVIK 5R75

Alloy Digest ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 49 (11) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Austenitic Stainless Steel ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Intergranular Corrosion ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Steel Company ◽  
Temperature Performance

Abstract Sandvik 5R75 is a molybdenum-containing austenitic stainless steel with titanium added to prevent intergranular corrosion by tying up the carbon. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, and tensile properties as well as fracture toughness. It also includes information on high temperature performance and corrosion resistance as well as forming, heat treating, machining, and joining. Filing Code: SS-777. Producer or source: Sandvik Steel Company. Originally published March 2000, corrected November 2000.

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