scholarly journals Somatotype Characteristics of Female Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus / Характеристика Соматотипа Жен Щин, Больных Сахарным Диабетом Типа 2

Folia Medica ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Atanas G. Baltadjiev
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Old Patients ◽  
Female Patients ◽  
Arm Circumference ◽  
The Mean

Abstract The AIM of the present study was to determine the somatotype of females patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Two-hundreds and twelve female patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus were measured. The patients were of Bulgarian ethnicity and were divided into two age groups: Group 1: 40-60 years of age and Group 2: 61-80 years of age. The control group comprised healthy females of Bulgarian ethnicity without any metabolic, neoplastic, or other disease divided into age matched groups. Measurements obtained directly were height, body weight, biepicondylar width of humerus, biepicondylar width of femur, arm circumference in relaxed state, arm circumference in contracted state, and calf circumference. Skin folds: subscapular, suprailiac, over triceps and calf. Parameters calculated: the components of the Heath-Carter anthrpometric somatotype. RESULTS: The mean somatotype of 40-60-year-old female diabetics was mesomorph endomorph, (meso 6.09; endo 6.59; ecto 1.57). The mean somatotype of 40-60-year-old female controls was mesomorphic endomorph (meso 5.65; endo 6.82; ecto 2.75). The mean somatotype of 61-80-year-old diabetic females was endomorphic mesomorph (endo-mesomorph), (meso 9.41; endo 5.39; ecto 1.55). The mean somatotype of 61-80-year-old female controls was mesomorph-endomorph (meso 6.70; endo 6.66; ecto 2.95). Between-age comparison of female diabetics: the endomorph component dominated in the group of 40-60-year-old patients, and the mesomorph component dominated in the group of 61-80-year-old patients. In both groups ectomorphy markedly lagged behind. CONCLUSION: The mean somatotype of diabetic females aged 40-60 years is mesomoph-endomorph; it differs from the mesomorphic mesomorph somatotype of the control subjects. Endomorphy and mesomorphy dominate clearly, and ectomorphy significantly lags behind. This was the reason we get a distorted somatoplot with a sharp shift to endomorphy and mesomorhpy. The mean somatotype of diabetic women aged 60-80 years was endomorphic mesomorphy with the mesomorphy component leading. It differed from the somatotype of the controls, where mesomorphy and endomorphy scored equally (mesomorph-endomorph). The somatotype of female diabetics suggests that they have a relatively massive skeleton with well-developed muscles and greater body weight relative to height. Unlike the results of studies in other countries presenting with markedly dominating endomorphy, in our study the Bulgarian diabetic females presented with dominating mesomorphy. This can be regarded as a peculiarity of the Bulgarian diabetic patients. The somatotype of the Bulgarian diabetic females is more favorable on the risk, course and prognosis of the disease.

scholarly journals The Effect of Health Education on Control Glycemic at Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (E) ◽  
pp. 133-137
Author(s):  
Rusdiana Rusdiana ◽  
Maya Savira ◽  
Sry Suryani Widjaja ◽  
Dedi Ardinata
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Health Education ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Educational Course

AIM: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of short-term education on glycemic control (glycated hemoglobin [HbA1c] and fasting blood sugar [FBS]) among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients attending to primary health care (PHC) in Medan Johor of North Sumatera, Indonesia. METHODS: The study was performed on type 2 diabetes mellitus patients in Johor PHC, Medan of North Sumatera, on 40 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. We took the samples of all the patients of type 2 diabetes mellitus who attend PHC in Medan Johor. The patients received for 3 months intervention by education. An educational course of diabetes together with exercise training and nutritional education was designed for the study population in order to increase the patients’ knowledge and attitude toward diabetes and to increase their participation in the self-monitoring of glycemic control. Samples of FBS and HbA1c were recorded for each patient at the time of the baseline survey, then health education was conducted to the diabetic patients of both sexes attending PHC. The patients received standard advice on diet management and variation about activity. We put HbA1c <6.5% as cut limit for the control of diabetes mellitus. RESULTS: All 40 type 2 diabetes patients completed the educational course. The mean of age of the samples is 62.53 years old, the mean of body mass index was 24.81 kg/m, and the mean of waist size was 92.15 cm. Before the education, the mean of FBS level was 238.83 mg/dl and the mean of Hba1c value is 8.90%. After education, the FBS was 216.88 mg/dl, the mean of HbA1c value was 8.74%. CONCLUSION: The effect of health education in Johor Public Health Care Medan city reduced glycemic control (FBS) in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients, North Sumatera, Indonesia.

scholarly journals TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS;

2014 ◽  
Vol 21 (06) ◽  
pp. 1174-1177
Author(s):  
Mukhtiar Hussain Jaffery ◽  
Nisar Ahmed Shah ◽  
Muhammad Sajid Abbas Jaffri ◽  
Athar Hussain Memon ◽  
Syed Zulfiquar Ali Shah
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
The Mean

Objective: To determine the frequency of raised C-reactive protein (CRP) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Patients and methods: This cross sectional descriptive study of six months study was conducted at Liaquat University Hospital Hyderabad from March 2013 to August 2013. All diabetic patients of ≥35 years age of either gender for >01 year duration visited at OPD were evaluated for C-reactive protein and their glycemic status by hemoglobin A1c. The data was analyzed in SPSS and the frequency and percentage was calculated. Results: During six month study period, total 100 diabetic patients were evaluated for C-reactive protein. Majority of patients were from urban areas 75/100 (75%). The mean ±SD for age of patients with diabetes mellitus was 51.63±7.82. The mean age ±SD of patient with raised CRP was 53±7.21. The mean ±SD for HbA1c in patients with raised CRP is 9.55±1.73. The mean random blood sugar level in patients with raised CRP was 247.42 ± 6.62. The majority of subjects from 50-69 years of age group with female predominance (p = 0.01) while the CRP was raised in 70(70%) patients in relation to age (p=0.02) and gender (p=0.01) respectively. Both HbA1c and CRP was raised in 64.9% (p = 0.04) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The mean ±SD of CRP was 5.8±1.21 while for male and female individuals with raised CRP was 3.52±1.22 and 5.7±1.63 respectively. Conclusions: The raised CRP was observed in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

scholarly journals Correlation of estimated glomerular filtration rate with ejection fraction among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients: results of a cross sectional study from Southern India

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 554
Author(s):  
Ali Akbar P. ◽  
Santosh R. Goudar ◽  
Prabha Adhikari ◽  
Ibrahim Masoodi ◽  
Sydney Dsouza
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Ejection Fraction ◽  
Serum Creatinine ◽  
P Value ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Mean

Background: There is paucity of data regarding the relationship between the severity of left ventricular dysfunction and renal function impairment in diabetic patients. Aims and objectives was to study the relation between eGFR and ejection fraction in type 2 diabetes mellitus of more than 5 years duration.Methods: This cross sectional was carried out from May 2017 to May 2018 at Yenepoya Medical college a tertiary care center in the southern Indian state of Karnataka. The data on 220 diabetic patients were studied. A detailed clinical history physical examination was carried out on the study population as per the approved proforma. Apart from base line investigations, eGFR was calculated using serum creatinine levels. 2D echocardiography was done for the assessment of ventricular function.Results: Out of 220 patients, 138 were men (63%) and 82 were women (37%) and the mean age of the patients was 59.60±11.145 years. The mean duration of diabetes was 10.08±5.28 years. We found a progressive reduction in ejection fraction from 57.74±9.97% to 50.64±14.7 as the eGFR declined from <90 mL/min/1.73m2 to 30 mL/min/1.73m2. There was significant correlation between eGFR and RWMA (p value 0.001) and LVDD (p value 0.029) in this study cohort. Micro/macroalbuminuria was found to be in 55% of patients. Proteinuria had significant correlation with longer duration of diabetes, blood urea, serum creatinine and eGFR.Conclusions: This study found positive clinical correlation between LVEF and eGFR. However, it did not reach significant levels statistically. Further studies may be carried out to confirm the association.

scholarly journals The Effect of Bariatric Surgery on Patients with Chronic Disease in KSMC

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (08) ◽  
pp. 484-489
Author(s):  
Abdullah Ahmed Aloraini ◽  
Abdulelah Sulaiman Alsughayyir ◽  
Abdullah Khaled Alamri ◽  
Haitham Shayea Alshayea ◽  
Mohammed AlMesned
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Bariatric Surgery ◽  
Morbid Obesity ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Global Epidemic ◽  
The Mean

Background: Obesity is a fast-growing global epidemic; it is associated with several comorbidities, including diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and dyslipidemia. Bariatric surgery is increasingly used due to its positive impacts on most of the comorbidities such as type 2 diabetes mellitus in patients with morbid obesity as it improves glycemia, lipids,blood pressure, andinflammation. Aim: To assess the effect of bariatric surgery on diabetic and dyslipidemic patients. Method: This is a retrospective study conducted on diabetic and dyslipidemic patients who underwent bariatric surgery. The study included the data of patients from 2009 to 2018 from KSMC. SPSS was used to analyze the collected data. Results: There were 808 diabetic patients included with a mean ±SD age of 42.1±11.05 years old, and 25 dyslipidemic patients with a mean ±SD age of 45.4±8.2 years. There were 72.4% of diabetic patients and 52% of dyslipidemic patients completed the treatment. Regarding diabetic patients, the outcome of patients was significantly associated with nationality (P˂0.0001) and the mean age of patients (P˂0.0001). The mean age had a significant impact on the outcome of the diabetic patients (P=˂0.0001) and had no effect in the case of the dyslipidemic patients (P=0.37). Conclusion: Bariatric surgery has a significant impact on chronic diseases such as diabetes and dyslipidemia, with a higher impact on diabetes compared to dyslipidemia.

scholarly journals CONTROL OF GLYCEMIA AND CARDIOVASCULAR RISK FACTORS IN PATIENTS WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES IN PRIMARY CARE IN MONTENEGRO

2018 ◽  
pp. 016
Author(s):  
Milena M. Cojić ◽  
Ljiljana Cvejanov-Kezunović ◽  
Jelena Stanković ◽  
Nebojša Kavarić ◽  
Maja Koraćević ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
The Mean

Some observational studies have shown that only a small number of diabetic patients achieve optimum control of glycaemia and cardiovascular risk factors. The aim of this study was to analyze whether patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus treated in primary care achieve adequate control of glycemic levels and cardiovascular risk factors. This was a retrospective, record-based, cross-sectional study that included eligible patients from 35 to 90 years old with type 2 diabetes mellitus treated in Primary Health Care Center in Podgorica. We investigated electronic records of 531 diabetic patients. The observed prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus among individuals between ages 35 and 90 years, was 11,84 %. Half of the patients were female. The mean age was 65,88±9,86 years. The mean value of HbA1c was 7,56±1,71. Fifty-nine percents of patients achieved optimal levels of HbA1c ≤ 7 %. Also, more than half of patients achieved target levels of blood pressure while 27.9% achieved LDL ≤ 2.6 mmol/L. Fifty percent of patients were non-smokers and 45.1 % were obese. Among patients on primary prevention only 5.7 % had met all target levels while on secondary prevention that number was even smaller 3.7 %. Our study showed that control of HbA1c and blood pressure was similar to other studies but reaching target levels of LDL was challenging for our patients. Further analysis are needed in order to discover the reasons for poor control of certain CVRF and to develop strategies for its optimal management.

scholarly journals Real-world Efficacy and Safety of Dulaglutide in Korean Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Retrospective Study in a Tertiary Referral Center

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jee Hee Yoon ◽  
A Ram Hong ◽  
Wonsuk Choi ◽  
Ji Yong Park ◽  
Hee Kyung Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
Tertiary Referral ◽  
Tertiary Referral Center ◽  
Korean Patients ◽  
The Mean

Abstract Background: This study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy and safety of once-weekly dulaglutide therapy as add-on to oral antidiabetic drugs (OADs) and basal insulin in Korean patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in the real-world clinical practice.Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 112 patients who received dulaglutide in a tertiary referral center. The primary efficacy endpoint was a change in glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) between baseline and 6 months. The secondary endpoints were the percentage of patients achieving HbA1c <7.0% or ≤6.5% and the change of body weight at 6 months. Results: At baseline, the mean HbA1c was 8.7 % (8.8% in the add-on to OAD and 8.5% in the add-on to insulin group). The mean adjusted HbA1c at 6 months decreased by −1.13% in the overall patients (p < 0.001), and by −1.36 and −0.74% in the add-on to OAD and add-on to insulin group, respectively. A significant reduction of −2.9 kg in body weight was observed in the overall patients at 6 months (p < 0.001). Approximately 34.8% and 23.2% of patients achieved HbA1c <7.0% and ≤6.5%, respectively. Higher baseline HbA1c and no previous insulin therapy were associated with good response to dulaglutide on multivariate analysis. In subgroup analysis to evaluate the long-term efficacy of dulaglutide (n=82), the mean adjusted HbA1c decreased by −0.86% from baseline to 12 months (p < 0.001). Mild gastrointestinal issues (23.2%) were the most frequently observed adverse events.Conclusions: Dulaglutide is an effective and durable treatment option as add-on to OAD and basal insulin therapy in Korean patients with T2DM.

scholarly journals Relationship between FVC, FEV1, FEV1/ FVC% and oxidative stress in type 2 diabetes mellitus

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 69-76
Author(s):  
Shomia Farid Tanni ◽  
Sultana Ferdousi ◽  
Md Saiful Islam
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Pulmonary Impairment ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic ◽  
Restrictive Pattern

Background: Diabetes mellitus causes micro and macrovascular disorder with debilitating effects on many organs including lungs. There is pulmonary impairment in type 2 diabetic patients (T2DM) which is usually characterized by restrictive pattern. Increased oxidative stress is associated with type 2 diabetes which may contribute to microvascular and macrovascular complications. Objectives:To assess the relationship between oxidative stress and lung function in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods: This cross sectional study was carried out in the Department of Physiology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Shahbag, Dhaka from September’2018 to August’ 2019. For this study, 35 newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic male patients aged 30-50 years and similar age and BMI 35 apparently healthy subjects were enrolled as control. Forced vital capacity (FVC), Forced expiratory volume in 1st second (FEV1) and FEV1/FVC%were assessed by portable spirometer. For evaluation of oxidative stress, plasma malondialdehyde (MDA) and catalase levels were measured by competitive ELISA technique and spectrophotometry. Statistical analysis was done by unpaired ‘t’ test, chi-square test, pearson correlation test and multiple regression analysis as applicable. Results: In this study, the mean percentage of predicted value of FVC and FEV1were significantly lower (p<0.001) in T2DM. In addition restrictive pattern of pulmonary function was found in 65.71% and 14.28% in T2DM and healthy control respectively and the difference was statistically significant. The mean plasma catalase was significantly lower (p<0.01) and plasma MDA was significantly higher (p<0.001) in patients. In addition, FVC showed significant negative correlation and significant association with higher MDA level in T2DM. Moreover, FEV1 also showed significant association with MDA in T2DM. Conclusion: The present study reveals that restrictive pattern of pulmonary impairment is related to oxidative stress in T2DM. J Bangladesh Soc Physiol. 2019, December; 14(2): 69-76

scholarly journals Comparative Study on Adding Pioglitazone or Sitagliptin to Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Insufficiently Controlled With Metformin

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (7) ◽  
pp. 955-962 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryam Jameshorani ◽  
Saba Sayari ◽  
Narjes Kiahashemi ◽  
Nima Motamed
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Open Label ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Single Centre Study ◽  
The Mean

BACKGROUND: Diabetes mellitus is a progressive disorder that often requires combination therapy.AIM: This study aimed to compare and study of add-on sitagliptin versus pioglitazone in patients with type 2 diabetes inadequately controlled with metformin.METHODS: This 12-week, randomised, open-label and single centre study compared sitagliptin (100 mg daily, n = 80) and pioglitazone (30 mg daily, n = 80) in type 2 diabetic patients whose disease was not adequately controlled with metformin.RESULTS: The mean change in HbA1c from baseline was -1.001 ± 0.83 with sitagliptin and -0.75 ± 1.20 with pioglitazone, and there were no significant difference between groups (P = 0.132). The mean change in fasting blood sugar (FBS) was -18.48 ± 33.32 mg/dl with sitagliptin and -20.53 ± 53.97 mg/dl with pioglitazone, and there were no significant difference between groups (P = 0.773). Sitagliptin caused 1.08 ± 2.39 kg decrease in weight, whereas pioglitazone caused 0.27 ± 2.42 kg increase in weight, with a between-group difference of 0.81 kg (P < 0.001). On the other hand, in sitagliptin group, there was greater improvement in lipid profile than pioglitazone group.CONCLUSION: Sitagliptin and Pioglitazone demonstrated similar improvements in glycemic control in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients whose diabetes had been inadequately controlled with metformin. Nevertheless, sitagliptin was more effective than pioglitazone regarding lipid and body weight change.

scholarly journals Association of serum vitamin D level with glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 395-400
Author(s):  
Dler Kakil ◽  
Mohammed Meena
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Vitamin D3 ◽  
Serum Vitamin ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
The Mean

Background and objective: Vitamin D deficiency appears to be related to the development of diabetes mellitus type 2 and metabolic syndrome. This study aimed to assess the association between the level of 25-hydroxy vitamin D{25(OH)D3 and the glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes. Methods: This case-control study involved 240 participants divided into two groups, 119 patients with type 2 diabetic mellitus and 120 healthy individuals as a control group. The study was conducted in Layla Qassim Diabetic Center in Erbil from March 2018 to March 2019. The data were collected from all the cases, including history and physical examination, using a specially designed questionnaire. From all cases, blood was taken, and samples were sent to the laboratory for serum vitamin D3 level estimation. Results: From the total of 240 participants, the mean age of cases was 54.04 ± 10.56 years and of controls was 53.12 ± 9.84 years. The mean serum vitamin D3 level of the cases was 9.21 ± 5.69ng/ml, and it was non-significantly (P = 0.3) higher than the control (8.61±4.57)ng/ml. Both groups were within the vitamin D deficient range. Vitamin D level was non-significantly deficient in 84 (70.6%) of diabetic patients compared to 89(73.6%) of control. There was a non-significant difference in vitamin D level in poorly controlled diabetic patients compared to well-controlled diabetic patients (P = 0.584). Conclusion: No significant association was detected between vitamin D level and glycemic control. Keywords: Type 2 diabetes mellitus; Vitamin D3 level; Glycemic control.

scholarly journals Exenatide treatment causes suppression of serum fasting ghrelin levels in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 193-198
Author(s):  
Metin Guclu ◽  
Sinem Kiyici ◽  
Zulfiye Gul ◽  
Sinan Cavun
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽  
Total Ghrelin ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Lipid Parameters

Aim In the present study, we investigated the long-term effects of exenatide treatment on serum fasting ghrelin levels in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods Type 2 diabetic patients, who were using metformin with and without the other antihyperglycemic drugs on a stable dose for at least 3 months, were enrolled in the study. BMI>35 kg/m2 and HbA1c>7.0% were the additional inclusion criteria. Oral antihyperglycemic drugs, other than metformin, were stopped, and metformin treatment was continued at 2000 mg per day. Exenatide treatment was initiated at 5 µg per dose subcutaneously (sc) twice daily, and after one month, the dose of exenatide was increased to 10 µg twice daily. Changes in anthropometric variables, glycemic control, lipid parameters and total ghrelin levels were evaluated at baseline and following 12 weeks of treatment. Results Thirty-eight patients (male/female = 7/31) entered the study. The mean age of patients was 50.5 ± 8.8 years with a mean diabetes duration of 8.5 ± 4.9 years. The mean BMI was 41.6 ± 6.3 kg/m2 and the mean HbA1c of patients was 8.9 ± 1.4%. The mean change in the weight of patients was −5.6 kg and the percentage change in weight was −5.2 ± 3.7% following 12 weeks of treatment. BMI, fasting plasma glucose and HbA1c levels of patients were decreased significantly (P < 0.001 and P < 0.001; respectively), while there was no change in lipid parameters. Serum fasting ghrelin levels were significantly suppressed following 12 weeks of exenatide treatment compared with baseline values (328.4 ± 166.8 vs 245.3 ± 164.8 pg/mL) (P = 0.024). Conclusion These results suggest that the effects of exenatide on weight loss may be related with the suppression of serum fasting ghrelin levels, which is an orexigenic peptide.

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