scholarly journals Somatotype of Top-Level Serbian Rhythmic Gymnasts

2014 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 181-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tijana Purenović-Ivanović ◽  
Ružena Popović
Keyword(s):  
Female Athletes ◽  
Body Height ◽  
Figure Skating ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Anthropometric Data ◽  
International Biological Programme ◽  
Rhythmic Gymnastics ◽  
Biological Programme ◽  
Psychological Capacities ◽  
Rhythmic Gymnasts

Abstract Body size and build influence performance in many sports, especially in those belonging to the group of female aesthetic sports (rhythmic gymnastics, artistic gymnastics, and figure skating). These sports pose high specific demands upon the functional, energy, motor and psychological capacities of athletes, but also upon the size, body build and composition of the performers, particularly of the top-level female athletes. The study of the top athletes (rhythmic gymnasts, in this case) may provide valuable information on the morphological requirements for achieving success in this sport. Therefore, the main objective of this research was to analyze the somatotype of 40 Serbian top-level rhythmic gymnasts, aged 13.04±2.79, and to form the five age group categories. The anthropometric variables included body height, body mass, the selected diameters, girths and skinfolds, and the Heath-Carter anthropometric somatotype. All of the anthropometric data were collected according to International Biological Programme, and then processed in the Somatotype 1.2. The applied analysis of variance indicated an increase in endomorphic component with age. The obtained results show that the balanced ectomorph is a dominant somatotype, being similar for all of the athletes that took part in the research (3.54-3.24-4.5). These results are in line with the ones obtained in previous studies.

Body Physique and Composition in Premenarchal Ballerinas and Female Athletes in Aesthetic Sports

2005 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 175-179
Author(s):  
Marjeta Misigoj-Durakovic ◽  
Vlatko Vucetic ◽  
Zijad Durakovic ◽  
Jasenka Wolf-Cvitak ◽  
Branka Matkovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Female Athletes ◽  
Body Height ◽  
Skinfold Thickness ◽  
Figure Skating ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Figure Skaters ◽  
Rhythmic Gymnastics ◽  
Rhythmic Gymnasts

Ballet, rhythmic gymnastics, and figure skating are disciplines that are begun early in childhood and pose high demands on the performers’ functional and energy capacities, which may influence the development of the body's physique and composition. This study investigated whether differences in the body's physique and composition were preexistent in young, premenarchal ballerinas and female athletes in aesthetic sport disciplines before training was started. Twenty-four anthropometric measurements were made of body physique and composition, and body mass index (BMI) and fat percentage were calculated. The groups of premenarchal dancers and athletes did not differ significantly in body height, body mass, or BMI. They also showed similarities in skeletal measurements, with the exception of ankle diameter. In measurements sensitive to specific training loads, significant differences were found, most notably in figure skaters, who had markedly greater arm circumferences than did ballerinas and rhythmic gymnasts. Ballerinas and rhythmic gymnasts did not have significant differences in soft tissues measurements, with the exception of the calf skinfold thickness, which was significantly greater in ballerinas. Skinfold thickness and body fat percentage were higher in skaters than in rhythmic gymnasts and ballerinas. Young ballerinas and rhythmic gymnasts were more slender with lower skinfold values and limb circumferences than skaters.

Elements usage of jazz gymnastics in the choreographic training of 12–14 years old “rhythmic” gymnasts

2019 ◽  
pp. 112-117
Author(s):  
Vera Boldyreva ◽  
Aleksandr Keyno ◽  
Mikhail Bogdanov
Keyword(s):  
Female Athletes ◽  
Modern Dance ◽  
Practical Experience ◽  
The Body ◽  
High Performing ◽  
Rhythmic Gymnastics ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Muscle Groups ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Rhythmic Gymnasts

The Russian school of gymnastics is distinguished by the high performing skills of female athletes, a wide range of styles, the composition integrity, which is achieved with the help of choreographic training. The concept of “choreography” includes everything that relates to the art of classical, folk, historical and everyday, modern dance. Choreographic training in gymnastics is understood as a system of exercises and influence methods aimed at nurturing the motor culture of the gymnasts, at expanding their arsenal of expressive means. In addition, when practicing chore-ography, flexibility and coordination of movements develops, strengthens the musculoskeletal system, increases the density of the workout, which has a positive effect on the cardiovascular and respiratory systems of the body, contributes to the development of special endurance. Along with this, choreography lessons solve technical training problems: mastering various elements and combinations, an individual image in the composition. To create an image, expressiveness is in-dispensable, which is inextricably linked with the beauty of the movements, grace, dancing character, etc. A choreographer in rhythmic gymnastics has to work with a constant shortage of time, since choreographic training is only part of the training process. This time is not enough for the full development of the “rhythmic” gymnasts’ choreography. A characteristic feature of training in jazz gymnastics is the performing of exercises that fully activate the body’s motor system, with the participation of the greatest possible number of muscle groups. Also for those engaged in jazz gymnastics is characteristic dynamism, expression, together with wide and smooth movements. The nature of the movements is expressive. All this contributes to the development of “rhythmic” gymnasts’ choreography. Analysis of scientific literature and practical experience indicates the lack of jazz gymnastics use in the choreographic training of “rhythmic” gymnasts. Our research is related to the development of this particular direction, which determines its relevance.

scholarly journals ASPECTS OF FAULTY POSTURES OF THE SPINE IN FEMALE RHYTHMIC GYMNASTICS

GYMNASIUM ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol XVII (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina-Elena Moraru
Keyword(s):  
Range Of Motion ◽  
Early Identification ◽  
Vertebral Column ◽  
Spinal Column ◽  
Abnormal Development ◽  
Figure Skating ◽  
Rhythmic Gymnastics ◽  
Postural System ◽  
Recovery Program ◽  
Rhythmic Gymnasts

Certain female dominated sports, such as rhythmic gymnastics, dancing and figure skating are characterized by an extreme range of motion of the spinal column. Athletes who practice such sports are more prone to injury of the vertebral column and to the abnormal development of the spinal column. The purpose of this paper was to assess the presence of lordotic or scoliotic attitudes among performance rhythmic gymnasts. Early identification of faulty postures can lead to the initiation of a recovery program meant to prevent their evolution. Within this study, we analyzed ten 4th - category gymnasts aged between 8 and 10. We performed the measurements using the GPS 400-Global Postural System. After measurements, we identified 10 gymnasts with lordotic postures and 8 of them with scoliotic and lordotic postures. As a general conclusion, we highlight the need to implement individual programs for the rehabilitation or correction of faulty postures, to be performed following specific trainings.

Physical fitness of rhythmic gymnasts depending on age and level of sports achievements

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (91) ◽  
pp. 29-36
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Sterkowicz-Przybycień ◽  
Paula Fundament
Keyword(s):  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Body Height ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Standing Position ◽  
Time Duration ◽  
Balance Test ◽  
Eyes Closed ◽  
Fitness Tests ◽  
Rhythmic Gymnasts ◽  
Better Than

Aim. The aim of this study was to compare the indices of physical development, frequency and time duration of training, and the results of physical fitness tests depending on age and level of sports achievements among rhythmic gymnasts. Materials and methods. The study comprised 36 rhythmic gymnasts: Gr1 (n=13, 9.0±1.0 years), Gr2 (n=11, 11.36±0.5 years), Gr3 (n=12, 14.27±0.7 years). After standardised sports interview, the groups with lower level of sports achievements (LSL) (n=20) and higher level of sports achievements (HSL) (n=16) were defined. Measurements of body height and mass were performed. The study participants performed the broad jump test, Unipedal Stance Test with Eyes Open (UPST-EO) and Eyes Closed (EC), and the rhythmic gymnastics specific coordinative test with a hoop. Results. The number of training sessions per week and their duration did not depend on age. The results of the broad jump were significantly different for groups Gr1, Gr2 and Gr3 (F=27.02, p<0.01). The average results for the 3 trials of UPST-EO in Gr2 and Gr3 were better than in Gr1 (F=5.51, p=0.008). The average result of UPST-EC for Gr3 was also significantly better than for Gr1 (W=9.53, p=0.008). The hoop test showed differences for all age groups Gr1<Gr3<Gr2 (F=11.55, p<0.001). HSL athletes were significantly different from LSL in frequency and duration of training, average results from 3 trials of UPST-EO, UPSTEC and the best result of UPST-EC (p<0.05). Conclusions. Differences between groups in physical fitness tests results depended on gymnasts’ age and showed their usefulness in the control of training at a particular stage of sports development. HSL gymnasts predominated over LSL in results of the one-leg standing position postural balance test with eyes opened and closed. The detected differences can be useful for coaches in identifying and developing gymnastic talent.

Nitrogen fixation

1976 ◽  
Vol 274 (934) ◽  
pp. 341-358 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Metabolic Regulation ◽  
Higher Plants ◽  
Focal Point ◽  
Nitrogenase Activity ◽  
Nitrogen Fixing ◽  
Blue Green Algae ◽  
International Biological Programme ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Biological Programme

The International Biological Programme served as a focal point for studies on biological nitrogen fixation during the 1960s. The introduction of the acetylene reduction technique for measuring nitrogenase activity in the field led to estimates becoming available of the contribution of lichens, blue-green algae, nodulated non-legumes and bacterial-grass associations, as well as of legumes. Other studies carried out on the physiology and biochemistry of the process led to the eventual purification and characterization of the nitrogenase enzyme. These studies, collectively, provided the springboard for current work, so essential in view of the present energy crisis, on how to increase the use and efficiency of nitrogen-fixing plants, on the metabolic regulation of the nitrogenase enzyme and on the genetics of the nitrogen-fixing process, both in higher plants and in free-living micro-organisms.

scholarly journals Závislost hypermobility na výskytu lehkých mozečkových dysfunkcí u závodnic v moderní gymnastice

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 96-102
Author(s):  
Kateřina Kapounková ◽  
Ivan Struhár ◽  
Jitka Kopřivová
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
General Population ◽  
Hip Joint ◽  
Brain Dysfunction ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
The People ◽  
Rhythmic Gymnastics ◽  
Joint Range ◽  
Rhythmic Gymnasts ◽  
Movement Test

The aim of the study was to ascertain information upon the occurrence of hypermobility as well as the symptoms of light brain dysfunction in rhythmic gymnasts and to prove their relationship. The research sample consisted of 78 girls from rhythmic gymnastics teams from the Czech Republic with average age 12,81 ± 2,47. The study used deliberate selection on the basis of chosen criteria: women, age 10 – 18 years, at least 5 let of specialised training in rhythmic gymnastics, week load at least 10 hours. The diagnostics of hypermobility used the method of measuring joint range with the aid of goniometer. The range of the movement of hip joint was measured and Janda test. The diagnostics of mild brain dysfunction diagnostics used orientation brain tests. It is the test of tax, which is aimed upon the proper aiming of movement, test of diadochokinesis, which is aimed at the ability to perform alternating movements, and the test of stability using Romberg pose on a balance platform with open eyes. The results of the goniometric measurement showed a significant flexibility of the gymnasts, mainly in the area of their hip joint (flexe right hip joint 161,09 °; ± 14,78 and flexe left hip joint 158,54 ° ± 14,05). When diagnosing mild brain dysfunction using tax, in both the upper and the lower extremities, no pathology was ascertained, on the contrary, however dysdiadochokinesis was found in 7 gymnasts. The results of the Romberg pose on the balance platform were mildly above the norm (compared with general population), nonetheless, the 7 people with dysdiadochokinesis showed results under the values of the general population. The people with dysdiadochokinesis, also showed worse results in the Romberg pose on the balance platform, as well as the symptoms of hypermobility, which where proved by goniometric examination.

scholarly journals Anthropological Picture of the Corded Ware Population of the Subcarpathian Region in the Light of Data Obtained from the Sites at Święte, Jarosław District

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 213-228
Author(s):  
Anita Szczepanek
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Body Height ◽  
River Valley ◽  
Entire Region ◽  
Anthropometric Data ◽  
Sex Structure ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Age And Sex

Abstract Twenty Corded Ware graves containing twenty five interments were identified at sites 11, 15 and 20 at Święte, Radymno Commune, Jarosław District. In most of the graves (16), there was only one interment, although there were also three graves with two internments and one grave with three interments. The age and sex structure of buried individuals shows the roughly equal number of females, males, and children at the age of Infans I and II, with the category Maturus (individuals aged 40 to 50) having the highest mortality rate. So far, Rzeszów Foothills and the Lower San River Valley yielded 40 Corded Ware graves containing 51 interments in total. Single burials were predominant. Alike at Święte sites, the highest proportion of burials is recorded for individuals at the age of Maturus irrespective of sex; overall, for the entire region, male graves, however, outnumber female graves. In most cases skeletons are poorly preserved, but scarce anthropometric data are the indication of dolichomorphic crania in both males and females, which phenomenon is already noted for the Małopolska Upland and present Ukraine. The intravital body height for adults varies from 161.3 to 175 cm for males and from 156.7 to 163.1 cm for females.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document