scholarly journals Determination of Infiltration Model Parameters Using Basic Soil Physical Properties

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tabasum Rasool ◽  
Abdul Qayoom Dar ◽  
Mushtaq Ahmad Wani
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Performance Evaluation ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Stepwise Regression ◽  
Accurate Estimation ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Predictive Equations ◽  
Infiltration Model ◽  
Infiltration Models

Abstract Quantification of infiltration rate is a time-consuming process because of its variability and challenges in the accurate estimation of infiltration model parameters. In this study predictive equations for parameters of Horton, Kostiakov, Modified Kostiakov and Philip infiltration models were developed using basic soil-properties. The model-parameters were initially determined applying non-linear Levenberg Marquardt algorithm (LMA) on field-observed infiltration data and were subsequently determined by predictive equations developed after applying regression analysis to investigated soil-properties. Regression analysis was carried-out using stepwise-regression (SR) where all the measured soil-properties were used, and by applying principal component analysis (PCA) prior to multiple linear-regression for reducing number of predictors. The results revealed that developed equations using stepwise regression and the ones developed after applying PCA were able to explain 40- 78% and 10- 50% of variation respectively. The performance evaluation of developed regression equations at two information levels along with LMA for prediction of infiltration model-parameters was carried out by computing an overall performance index (OPI), which combines relative weight of different statistical indicators, namely, Coefficient of Determination (R2), Nash–Sutcliffe Efficiency (ENS), Willmott’s Index of Agreement (W), Mean Absolute Error (MAE) and Root Mean Square Error (RMSE). Performance evaluation revealed, LMA with highest OPI-value is most suitable to ascertain parameters of studied infiltration models. However, for selected models using parameters determined at two information levels, it was observed that there exists no significant difference in OPI-value of computed infiltration rates suggesting that equations developed after PCA can be used successfully for determination of infiltration model-parameters.

scholarly journals Determination of individual teleroentgenographic characteristics of the face profile in ukrainian young men and girls with orthognathic bite

2018 ◽  
pp. 28-34
Author(s):  
М. О. Dmitriev
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Stepwise Regression ◽  
Young Men ◽  
Stepwise Regression Analysis ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Determination Coefficient ◽  
Normal Occlusion

Modern dentistry requires the definition of individualized values of teleroentgenographic indicators. To solve such problems, methods of regression and correlation analysis are increasingly used, which help to establish not only the existence of various relationships between the anatomical structures of the head and the parameters of the dento-jaw system, but also allow more accurately predict the change in the contour of soft facial tissue in response to orthodontic treatment. The purpose of the study is to develop mathematical models for the determination of individual teleroentgenographic characteristics of the facial soft tissues by studying the cephalometric indices of young men and women of Ukraine with normal occlusion and balanced faces and conducting a direct stepwise regression analysis. With the use of Veraviewepocs 3D device, Morita (Japan) from 38 young men (17 to 21 years of age) and 55 young women (aged from 16 to 20 years) with occlusal close to the orthognathic bite and balanced faces received side teleroentgenograms. The cephalometric analysis was performed using OnyxCeph³™ licensed software. Cephalometric points and measurements were made according to the recommendations of Downs W. B., Holdway R. A., McNamara J., Schwarz A. M., Schmuth G. P. F., Steiner C. C. and Tweed C. H. With the help of direct stepwise regression analysis, in the licensed package “Statistica 6.0”, regression models of individual teleroentgenographic characteristics of the profile of soft facial tissues were constructed. In young men with normal occlusion close to the orthognathic bite of 19 possible models, 11 were constructed with a determination coefficient from 0.638 to 0.930, and in young women – 12 models with a determination coefficient from 0.541 to 0.927. The conducted analysis of models showed that in young men most often the regression equations included – angle N_POG, parameters of which indicate a linear interjaw relation in the anterior-posterior direction (14.0%); angle GL_SNPOG, or index of convexity of the soft tissue profile (8.8%); MAX maxillary length (7.0%), and GL_SN_S index, which defines vertical correlations in the facial profile (5.3%). The young women most often models included – the angle N_POG (12.5%); angle GL_SNPOG (7.5%); soft tissue front angle P_OR_N (6.25%); the reference angle ML_NL and the profile angle T (by 5.0%); the angle AB_NPOG, the angle NBA_PTGN, which defines the direction of development of the mandible and the distance PN_A (3.75%). Thus, in the work with the help of the method of stepwise regression with inclusion, among Ukrainians of adolescence age, based on the characteristics of teleroentgenographic indicators, reliable models of individual teleroentgenographic characteristics of the profile of soft facial tissues were developed and analyzed.

scholarly journals Evaluation of infiltration models for mineral soils with different land uses in the tropics

2018 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 153-160
Author(s):  
Nugroho Suryoputro ◽  
Widandi Soetopo ◽  
Ery S. Suhartanto ◽  
Lily M. Limantara ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Rice Field ◽  
Infiltration Rate ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Infiltration Model ◽  
Land Use Types ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Infiltration Models ◽  
Mineral Soils ◽  
The Tropics

AbstractThe aims of this study were to evaluate five infiltration models for mineral soils in the tropics with different land use types, such as settlements, plantations, rice fields, and forests. The infiltration models evaluated were Green–Ampt, Kostiakov, Kostiakov–Lewis, Philip, and Horton. The research was conducted at the Amprong watershed, Malang, Indonesia. The infiltration rate of the thirteen soil samples was analysed. The infiltration was tested using Turf-Tech infiltrometer. Moreover, each soil sample was tested in terms of the bulk density, specific gravity, porosity, soil moisture, and soil texture. The results of the study indicate that there is no significant difference (α = 5%) in the infiltration rate among the five models of infiltration. The infiltration rate in the study site was considered fast. Three models exhibiting the best performance are Kostiakov, Kostiakov–Lewis, and Horton model, respectively. The highest infiltration rate occurred in the forest land use while the lowest occurred in the rice field land use. The results of this study suggest that the infiltration model parameters correlate closely with the initial infiltration rate (fo) and the final infiltration rate (fc). In other words there is a correlation between the soil's ability to absorb water (representing the capillary force or horizontal flow) at the beginning of the infiltration (fo) and the gravity or the vertical flow upon reaching the final infiltration rate (fc).

scholarly journals Use of geophysical survey as a predictor of the edaphic properties variability in soils used for livestock production

2015 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. e1103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nahuel R. Peralta ◽  
Pablo L. Cicore ◽  
Maria A. Marino ◽  
Jose R. Marques da Silva ◽  
Jose L. Costa
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Principal Components ◽  
Latent Variables ◽  
Stepwise Regression ◽  
Livestock Production ◽  
Site Specific ◽  
Support Tool ◽  
Negatively Associated

<p>The spatial variability in soils used for livestock production (<em>i.e. </em>Natraquoll and Natraqualf) at farm and paddock scale is usually very high. Understanding this spatial variation within a field is the first step for site-specific crop management. For this reason, we evaluated whether apparent electrical conductivity (ECa), a widely used proximal soil sensing technology, is a potential estimator of the edaphic variability in these types of soils. ECa and elevation data were collected in a paddock of 16 ha. Elevation was negatively associated with ECa. Geo-referenced soil samples were collected and analyzed for soil organic matter (OM) content, pH, the saturation extract electrical conductivity (EC<sub>ext</sub>), available phosphorous (P), and anaerobically incubated Nitrogen (Nan). Relationships between soil properties and ECa were analyzed using regression analysis, principal components analysis (PCA), and stepwise regression. Principal components (PC) and the PC-stepwise were used to determine which soil properties have an important influence on ECa. In this experiment elevation was negatively associated with ECa. The data showed that pH, OM, and EC<sub>ext</sub> exhibited a high correlation with ECa (<em>R</em><sup>2</sup>=0.76; 0.70 and 0.65, respectively). Whereas P and Nan showed a lower correlation (<em>R</em><sup>2</sup>=0.54 and 0.11 respectively). The model resulting from the PC-stepwise regression analysis explained slightly more than 69% of the total variation of the measured ECa, only retaining PC1. Therefore, EC<sub>ext</sub>, pH and OM were considered key latent variables because they substantially influence the relationship between the PC1 and the ECa (loading factors&gt;0.4). Results showed that ECa is associated with the spatial distribution of some important<strong> </strong>soil properties. Thus, ECa can be used as a support tool to implement site-specific management in soils for livestock use.</p>

Statins and hemoperfusion improve 28-day survival in septic shock patients

Open Medicine ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 475-480
Author(s):  
Tsukasa Nakamura ◽  
Eiichi Sato ◽  
Nobuharu Fujiwara ◽  
Yasuhiro Kawagoe ◽  
Sayaka Maeda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Septic Shock ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Stepwise Regression ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Polymyxin B ◽  
Multiple Stepwise Regression Analysis ◽  
Time Of Admission ◽  
Complete History ◽  
Statin Use

AbstractUncontrolled inflammation and endotoxin play a central role in septic shock. Statins may possess anti-inflammatory properties, and removal of endotoxin by hemoperfusion with polymyxin B-immobilized fiber (PMX-F) could have favorable effects on sepsis. We examined retrospectively whether pre-existing statin and hemoperfusion with PMX-F at the time of admission were separately and independently associated with decreased overall 28-day mortality in septic shock patients. Consecutive 173 patients with septic shock (71.2±10.7 years old, 115 male and 58 female) were included in the present study. All patients underwent a complete history and physical examination, determination of blood chemistries. Multiple stepwise regression analysis revealed that albumin, creatinine (inversely), statin use, hemoperfusion with PMX-F and HDL-cholesterol were independently correlated to 28-day survival in septic shock patients (R2=0.464). Our present study suggests that pre-existing statin use and hemoperfusion with PMX-F may separately and independently contribute to blunt the process of septic shock.

scholarly journals Determination of individual teleroentgenographic characteristics of the lower medial incisors position in Ukrainian young men and young women with orthognathic bite

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 19-25
Author(s):  
M.O. Dmitriev ◽  
I.V. Gunas ◽  
I.V. Dzevulska ◽  
A.A. Glushak
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Stepwise Regression ◽  
Young Men ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Determination Coefficient ◽  
Straight Line ◽  
Age Features

Ethnic, sexual and age features of the incisors positions point to the need for the development of techniques that allow to determine their individual characteristics, since commonly accepted standards recommended for optimal positioning of incisors can only be used as indicative. The purpose of the study – by studying teleroentgenographic indices and conducting direct stepwise regression analysis in young men and young women of Ukraine with orthognathic bite, to develop and analyze the mathematical models of individual characteristics of the position of the lower medial incisors. With the Veraviewepocs 3D device, Morita (Japan) in 38 young men (17 to 21 years of age) and 55 young women (aged from 16 to 20 years) with occlusion close to orthognathic bite and balanced faces received side teleroentgenograms. Cephalometric analysis was performed using OnyxCeph3TM software. Cephalometric points and measurements were performed according to the recommendations of A.M. Schwarz, J. McNamara, W.B. Downs, R.A. Holdway, P.F. Schmuth, C.C. Steiner and C.H. Tweed. According to the above methods, in the licensed package “Statistica 6.0” using direct straight line regression analysis, the teleroentgenographic characteristics of the position of the lower medial incisors (distance 1l_NB, distance 1l_APog, angle 1l_DOP, IMPA angle, Mand1_NB angle, FMIA angle and Mand1_MeIm angle) were performed. In young men with orthognathic bite of 7 possible models of teleroentgenographic characteristics of the lower medial incisors, 5 were constructed with determination coefficient R2 from 0.694 to 0.849, and in young women, all 7 possible models with determination coefficient R2 from 0.595 to 0.794. In young men most often the regression equations included - the angle ANB and facial vertical index GL_SN_S (by 11.5%); lower face height ANS_ME, face angle NBA_PTGN and distance S_E (by 7.7%). In young women most often the regression equations included – the angle of N_POG (16.7%); Wits indicator (13.9%); inclination angle I (8.3%); H-angle, maxillo-mandibular angle MM and angle of facial axis NBA_PTGN (by 5.6%). Thus, in the work with the help of the method of stepwise regression with inclusion, among Ukrainians of juvenile age, on the basis of features teleroentgenographic indicators, the analysis of reliable models of individual teleroentgenographic characteristics of the position of the lower medial incisors was developed and carried out.

scholarly journals Determination of individual cephalometric characteristics of the occlusal plane in Ukrainian young men and young women with orthognatic bite

2018 ◽  
pp. 5-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. O. Dmitriev ◽  
I. V. Gunas ◽  
I. V. Dzevulska ◽  
I. V. Zhulkevych
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Stepwise Regression ◽  
Young Men ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Occlusal Plane ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Normative Basis

To date, there are no clear recommendations on the use of a particular indicator, cephalometric method, normative basis for the inhabitants of Ukraine when assessing the cephalometric characteristics of the occlusal plane. The purpose of the study - by studying cephalometric indices and conducting direct stepwise regression analysis - develop in young men and women of Ukraine with orthognathic bite mathematical models of individual characteristics of the position of the occlusal plane. In 38 young men (aged 17-21 years) and 55 young women (aged from 16 to 20 years) with occlusion close to orthognathic bite and balanced faces, lateral teleroentgenograms were obtained using the Veraviewepocs 3D device, Morita (Japan). Cephalometric analysis was performed using OnyxCeph³™ software. Cephalometric points and measurements were performed according to the recommendations of W. B. Downs, J. McNamara, R. A. Holdway, P. F. Schmuth, A. M. Schwarz, C. C. Steiner and C. H. Tweed. In the licensed statistical package "Statistica 6.0", using regression analysis, the following teleroentgenographic characteristics of the position of the occlusal plane were simulated: the angle YGOCLPl, the angle POR_DOP, the angle POR_OCP, and the SN_OSP angle. It was established that in both young men and women, all four possible models with a determination coefficient from 0.808 to 0.998 in young men and from 0.832 to 0.974 in young women were constructed. In the analysis of models of teleroentgenographic characteristics of the position of the occlusal plane, depending on the peculiarities of the metric characteristics of the craniofacial complex, it was found that in young men the most frequent regression equations include - the Wits indicator (21.1% for all four equations), the angle AB_NPOG (15.8%) and the distance PN_POG (10.5%). In young women, most often the regression equations include - Wits indicator (17.4% - also to all 4 equations); angle AB_NPOG, distance AFH, angle MM and angle SN_GoGn (by 8.7%). So, using the method of stepwise regression, among Ukrainians of juvenile, based on the features of teleroentgenographic indicators, reliable models of individual cephalometric characteristics of the occlusal plane were created.

scholarly journals Determination of Environmental Factors for the Implementation of the Exploitability Index in Industrial Aggregate Mining Using Multi-Criteria Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 196
Author(s):  
Julio Manuel de Luis-Ruiz ◽  
Benito Ramiro Salas-Menocal ◽  
Gema Fernández-Maroto ◽  
Rubén Pérez-Álvarez ◽  
Raúl Pereda-García
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Environmental Factor ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Accurate Estimation ◽  
Analytic Hierarchy ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Hierarchy Process ◽  
Made In

The quality of human life is linked to the exploitation of mining resources. The Exploitability Index (EI) assesses the actual possibilities to enable a mine according to several factors. The environment is one of the most constraining ones, but its analysis is made in a shallow way. This research is focused on its determination, according to a new preliminary methodology that sets the main components of the environmental impact related to the development of an exploitation of industrial minerals and its weighting according to the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). It is applied to the case of the ophitic outcrops in Cantabria (Spain). Twelve components are proposed and weighted with the AHP and an algorithm that allows for assigning a normalized value for the environmental factor to each deposit. Geographic Information Systems (GISs) are applied, allowing us to map a large number of components of the environmental factors. This provides a much more accurate estimation of the environmental factor, with respect to reality, and improves the traditional methodology in a substantial way. It can be established as a methodology for mining spaces planning, but it is suitable for other contexts, and it raises developing the environmental analysis before selecting the outcrop to be exploited.

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