scholarly journals Technological relatedness, knowledge space and smart specialisation: The case of Germany

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 95-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jana Vlčková ◽  
Nikola Kaspříková ◽  
Markéta Vlčková
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Space ◽  
German States ◽  
Smart Specialisation ◽  
German Regions ◽  
Level Of Aggregation ◽  
Patent Applications ◽  
Technological Specialisation ◽  
Knowledge Relatedness ◽  
Over Time

Abstract The level of technological specialisation in the regions of Germany is assessed in this paper, as well as how such specialisation has evolved over time. Further, in three selected regions (Munich, Düsseldorf and Oberes Elbtal/Osterzgebirge), the knowledge space is explored in detail and compared to existing smart specialisation strategies. Average relatedness and knowledge space based upon EPO patent applications are used to measure the specialisation and technology trajectories of the German regions. Between three periods 1988–1992, 1998–2002 and 2008–2012, the specialisation of Germany based on EPO patent applications increased by 10%, despite a decline in many regions. Machinery and transportation industries have increased their significance. The assessment of regional smart specialisation strategies in the three German states shows that the methodology in terms of the identification of prospective industries is largely variegated and insufficiently developed. More attention should also be given to the choice of an appropriate geographical level of aggregation for analysis. Knowledge relatedness and knowledge complexity could be used as methodological tools for selecting prospective industries in smart specialisation strategies.

Time In Purgatory: Examining the Grant Lag for U.S. Patent Applications

2004 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
David Popp ◽  
Ted Juhl ◽  
Daniel K.N. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Patent Office ◽  
Learning Effects ◽  
Distributional Effects ◽  
Policy Debates ◽  
Patent Applications ◽  
Examination Process ◽  
The U.S ◽  
Over Time

Abstract As patent applications increase, and the range of patentable technologies increases, the length of time it takes for an invention to go through the examination process at the U.S. Patent Office has increased. Concerns over the distributional effects of these changes have been expressed during policy debates. We use data on U.S. patent applications and grants to ask who is affected by longer grant lags. We augment this analysis with interviews of patent examiners, leading to a better understanding of the examination process. Our analysis finds that differences across technology are most important. These differences do not erode over time, suggesting that learning effects alone will not reduce grant lags. Inventor characteristics have statistically significant effects, but the magnitudes are small.

Differences in Regional Economic Prosperity: Do State Policies Matter? – An Empirical Investigation of Data from the German States

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-49
Author(s):  
Thomas Döring ◽  
Lorenz Blume
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Investigation ◽  
State Policies ◽  
Economic Prosperity ◽  
Regional Economic ◽  
Economic Theories ◽  
German States ◽  
German Regions ◽  
Short Run ◽  
Industrial Mix ◽  
The Impact

Different regional economic theories come to different conclusions with regard to the impact of (state) policies on the economic prosperity of regions. This article provides empirical evidence that determinants like geography, urbanization, industrial mix and social capital explain 68 percent of the variation in GDP per worker among West German regions. One element that all these factors have in common is that they cannot, at least in the short run, be influenced by state policies. Determinants like infrastructure and human capital, both of which can be influenced by state policies, only account for another 11 percent of the variation in GDP.

Spatial diversification of socio-economic potential of the regions in Poland and Germany, particularly considering the Polish-German borderland

2018 ◽  
Vol 63 (8) ◽  
pp. 47-64
Author(s):  
Barbara Jurkowska
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Economic Life ◽  
Economic Potential ◽  
German States ◽  
German Regions ◽  
Federal Statistical ◽  
Socio Economic Development ◽  
Taxonomic Research ◽  
Spatial Diversification ◽  
Demographic Potential

The aim of the article is to demonstrate differences in various aspects of socio-economic life between the states of Germany and voivodships of Poland. Particular attention was devoted to the regions of the Polish-German borderland: Zachodniopomorskie, Lubuskie and Dolnośląskie voivodships and the neighbouring German states: Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Brandenburg and Saxony. As a result of conducted taxonomic research, diversification among particular German states and voivodships in terms of socio-economic development was obtained. Hellwig’s taxonomic method was used in the research of the level of socio- -economic development of Poland and Germany. The study was based on data from Statistics Poland (GUS) and the Federal Statistical Office (Statistisches Bundesamt) in Germany. The analysis concerned years 2014—2017. The conclusions of the study are as follows: the greatest asset of the Polish regions is their demographic potential, which, combined with economic and innovation opportunities of the German regions, may become a stimulus for development in other areas of socio-economic life of the entire Polish-German borderland.

Identity, Celtomania and the Narrative of Wales in Travel Writing in German from 1850 to 1905

2020 ◽  
pp. 155-188
Author(s):  
Kathryn N. Jones ◽  
Carol Tully ◽  
Heather Williams
Keyword(s):  
National Identity ◽  
Travel Writing ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Indigenous Culture ◽  
Cultural Elements ◽  
German States ◽  
German Identity ◽  
Celtic Studies ◽  
Cultural Alterity ◽  
Over Time

The focus of travelogues shifts from the industrial to the cultural, while the advance of Celtic Studies on the Continent leads to a far deeper engagement with the indigenous culture. Many such engaged writers viewed the development of tourism, of which they were of course a symptom, as a palpable threat to the survival of Welsh culture. This reflects concerns about the situation closer to home as the German states moved towards unification in 1871 and the realisation of a political underpinning to the long-held sense of a common ‘national’ German identity. The image of Wales which emerges by the end of the century is a distillation of cultural elements, - bards, princes, legends, - which can to some extent be seen as an attempt to preserve the cultural alterity deemed to be under threat. This century of Germanophone writing about Wales sees the consolidation of a Welsh narrative which, while sharing numerous themes with Francophone writers, nevertheless addresses over time a number of key German concerns around national identity, the advance of modernity and the place of ancient cultures in the modern world.

scholarly journals Knowledge Creation and Regional Spillovers: Empirical Evidence from Germany

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 184-189 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tinatin Akhvlediani ◽  
Andrzej Cieślik
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Production ◽  
Knowledge Creation ◽  
Knowledge Spillovers ◽  
Local Economy ◽  
Market Potential ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Agglomeration Effect ◽  
German States ◽  
German Regions ◽  
Knowledge Transfers

AbstractThe paper examines the effects of intra- and inter-regional knowledge spillovers on innovative activities in German states using the augmented Griliches-Jaffe knowledge production function. The “Harris market potential” type index is calculated to proxy for inter-regional knowledge transfers of two types: industrial knowledge transfers generated from the business enterprise sector and academic spillovers generated from universities across all German states. The model also includes the concentration of high-tech enterprises, in order to capture the agglomeration effect in the local economy. The estimation results reveal that not only do local private and university research efforts have a positive and significant effect on local innovative activities, but there are also important interregional knowledge spillovers across the German regions.

scholarly journals Tradition, Innovation, Re-enactment: Hans Talhoffer’s Unusual Weapons

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-25
Author(s):  
Ariella Elema
Keyword(s):  
Fifteenth Century ◽  
Customary Law ◽  
Court Records ◽  
German Regions ◽  
German Speaking ◽  
Multiple Regions ◽  
Over Time

Abstract Multiple manuscripts of Hans Talhoffer’s fifteenth-century Fechtbuch depict duels between combatants wielding faceted clubs and tall shields, as well as combatants in tight-fitting grey clothing, and duels between a man and a woman. Legal ordinances and court records from Talhoffer’s time and before him provide context for these scenarios and this equipment. Customary law regarding judicial duels varied significantly between German regions. It also changed over time, shaped by influences that sometimes originated well outside German-speaking lands. Talhoffer’s work and the Fechtbücher that followed him reflect a practice that spanned multiple regions, preserving fading traditions while embracing new innovations.

The Costs of Power Interruptions in Germany: A Regional and Sectoral Analysis

2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 307-323 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Growitsch ◽  
Raimund Malischek ◽  
Sebastian Nick ◽  
Heike Wetzel
Keyword(s):  
High Standard ◽  
Electricity Supply ◽  
Economic Costs ◽  
Sectoral Analysis ◽  
Electricity System ◽  
German Regions ◽  
Interruption Costs ◽  
Over Time

Abstract A high standard of security of electricity supply comes at serious electricity system costs. However, these system costs have to be balanced with the economic costs induced by an insecure supply of electricity. Following a macroeconomic approach, we analyze the economic costs imposed by potential power interruptions in Germany. Using an extensive dataset on industries and households, we estimate both Values of Lost Load and the associated hourly costs of power interruptions for different German regions and sectors. We find that interruption costs vary significantly over time, between sectors and regions. Peaking at midday on a Monday in December at 750 Mio € per hour, the average total national outage costs amount to approximately 430 Mio € per hour. A missing gigawatt hour creates average outage costs of about 7.6 Mio €.

Implementing a smart specialisation strategy: an evidence-based approach

2016 ◽  
Vol 83 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia Kotnik ◽  
Tea Petrin
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Union Member ◽  
Policy Reforms ◽  
Investment Funds ◽  
Entrepreneurial Discovery ◽  
Research And Innovation ◽  
Smart Specialisation ◽  
Technological Specialisation ◽  
Support Research

Smart specialisation is now a major idea behind the European Commission’s cohesion policy reforms in the field of innovation, and it must be applied by European Union member countries in order to secure funding under the 2014–2020 European Union budget, even though the concept itself has only recently emerged. The success of translating this policy into practice depends on a thorough analysis of regions’ and countries’ potential for innovation based on empirical evidence. Currently, countries use a wide array of methods to define priority areas, but these have, for the most part, failed to address the challenges of this process. This article explores the data that can be used in the prioritisation process of developing a smart specialisation strategy. The approach follows the main recommendations for profiling regions and countries, uses data already available at the national statistical offices, and is based on indicators that can be grasped intuitively by policymakers. It includes data on each relevant aspect of smart specialisation, that is, economic, scientific and technological specialisation, as well as the entrepreneurial discovery process. This article demonstrates the approach using a case with Slovenian data; the results suggest that it can be an effective tool for narrowing down a list of industries to be considered for a smart specialisation strategy. Points for practitioners A smart specialisation strategy will be a precondition for using European Union regional and investment funds during 2014–2020 in order to support research and innovation investments. The success of translating this policy into practice depends on a thorough analysis of regions’ and countries’ potential for innovation based on empirical evidence. A ready-to-use methodology for narrowing down a list of industries to be considered for a smart specialisation strategy is proposed, and is demonstrated using the example of Slovenia.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document