scholarly journals Labour Supply and Inequality Effects of In-Work Benefits: Evidence from Serbia

2019 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saša Ranđelović ◽  
Jelena Žarković Rakić ◽  
Marko Vladisavljević ◽  
Sunčica Vujić
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Labour Supply ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Market Participation ◽  
Labour Market Participation ◽  
Fertile Ground ◽  
Supply Model ◽  
Redistributive Effects ◽  
Family Based ◽  
Equal Income

AbstractLow labour market participation, together with the high effective tax wedge at low wage levels, create a fertile ground for the introduction of the in-work benefits (IWB) in Serbia. Our paper provides an ex-ante evaluation of the two IWB schemes, directed at stimulating the labour supply and more equal income distribution. The methodological approach combines the tax-and-benefit microsimulation model with the discrete labour supply model. Our results show that both individual and family-based IWB schemes would considerably boost labour market participation, although family-based benefits would have disincentivizing effects for the secondary earners in couples. Most of the behavioural changes take place among the poorest individuals, with significant redistributive effects.

scholarly journals Do pensions reduce the incentive to work? Evidence from Egypt

2018 ◽  
Vol 63 (219) ◽  
pp. 33-59
Author(s):  
Nguyen Cuong ◽  
Mohamed Arouri
Keyword(s):  
Panel Data ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
Labour Supply ◽  
Fixed Effect ◽  
Market Participation ◽  
Panel Surveys ◽  
Labour Market Participation ◽  
Household Members ◽  
The Impact

In this study we investigate the impact of the receipt of contributory and social pensions on the labour supply of individuals in Egypt, using individual fixed-effect regressions and panel data from the Egypt Labour Market Panel Surveys in 2006 and 2012. The study compares the effect of social pensions and contributory pensions. We find that the receipt of contributory pensions reduces the probability of working as well as the probability of having a waged job of household members aged from 15. The receipt of social pensions has no significant effect on the probability of working for those aged 15-60. However, receiving social pensions can reduce both working and labour market participation of people aged over 60.

Hoe gezond is werken?

2013 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marion Collewet ◽  
Jaap de Koning
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Labour Supply ◽  
Job Characteristics ◽  
Reciprocal Relationship ◽  
Paid Work ◽  
Positive Relation ◽  
Market Participation ◽  
Labour Market Participation ◽  
The Individual

How healthy is working? How healthy is working? This article aims at gaining more insight in the effect of labour market participation on health in the Dutch context. The positive relation between labour market participation and health has often been emphasized in the policy discussions. However, existing research insufficiently takes into account the reciprocal relationship between labour market participation and health. In this article, we control for the role of background variables which are likely to influence both labour market participation and health by using panel techniques. We use data from the Dutch Labour Supply Panel (formerly called ‘OSA Work Supply Panel’). We find that the statement that ‘work is good for your health’ should be nuanced. Our results show that the effect of labour market participation on health is dependent on characteristics of the individual, weekly working time, job characteristics, and non-paid activities and the possibility to combine those with paid work, and available types of non-work.

Child-Care Services and the Urban Labour Market. Part 2: Modelling the Relationships between Child-Care Service Accessibility and Labour-Market Participation

1997 ◽  
Vol 29 (9) ◽  
pp. 1675-1695 ◽  
Author(s):  
C J Webster ◽  
S White
Keyword(s):  
Child Care ◽  
Young Children ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
Labour Supply ◽  
Care Service ◽  
Market Participation ◽  
Care Services ◽  
Labour Market Participation ◽  
Child Care Services ◽  
Urban Labour Market

In part 1 of this appear we reviewed the principal features and failures of the market for child-care services in cities. A theoretical framework was developed which generated testable labour-supply and service-supply functions. In part 2, an empirical study is reported in which aggregate versions of those functions are calibrated for the supply of labour from mothers with young children and for the supply of childminding services. Special attention has been given to creating a meaningful measure of accessible childminding services. The results indicate that urban labour-market participation among mothers with young children is very responsive to the level of accessible childminders, ceteris paribus. Further, there is evidence that, at current levels of childminding activity in the cities studied, the elasticity of labour supply with respect to service supply is approximately unity, implying that child-care supply is a binding constraint on labour-force participation. Evidence is also found to support the view that childminder supply is quite insensitive to demand.

Signaling Similarity in the Icelandic Labour Market: How Can Immigrants Reduce Statistical Discrimination?

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 349-356
Author(s):  
Kari Kristinsson ◽  
Margret Sigrun Sigurdardottir
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
Immigrant Integration ◽  
Statistical Discrimination ◽  
Hiring Decisions ◽  
Market Participation ◽  
Job Experience ◽  
Labour Market Participation ◽  
Signal Similarity

Research on immigration has emphasized the role that statistical discrimination plays in hiring decisions. A better understanding of how immigrants overcome this type of discrimination might lead to better interventions to improve their labour market participation. In this paper, we use qualitative interviews to examine how immigrants can reduce statistical discrimination by signalling their similarity to employers in their job applications. Specifically, we find that immigrants who demonstrate signal similarity to employers in the type of education, job experience and religion tend to reduce their statistical discrimination by employers. We suggest how further research can build on these results to provide possible tools for immigrant integration.

Exploring gender digital divide and its effect on women's labour market outcomes in South Africa

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 85-108
Author(s):  
Kehinde Oluwaseun Omotoso ◽  
Jimi Adesina ◽  
Ololade G. Adewole
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
Married Women ◽  
Internet Usage ◽  
Market Participation ◽  
Market Outcomes ◽  
Broadband Internet ◽  
Variable Approach ◽  
Labour Market Participation ◽  
Labour Market Outcomes

Technology plays a significant role in bridging gender gap in labour market outcomes. This paper investigates gender differential in broadband Internet usage and its effects on women‘s labour market participation. Employing an instrumental variable approach, findings suggest that exogenously determined high-speed broadband internet usage leads to increases of about 14.1 and 10.6 percentage points in labour market participation for single women and married women with some level of education, respectively. Moreover, further analyses suggest that married women are generally less likely to use the Internet to search for job opportunities and this could partly explains their low labour market participation rate. The findings suggest that more policy effort is required to bridge gender differentials in digital technologies and employment opportunities in South Africa.

scholarly journals Permanent or temporary settlement? A study on the short-term effects of residence status on refugees’ labour market participation

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristoffer Jutvik ◽  
Darrel Robinson
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Migration Policy ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Market Participation ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Labour Market Participation ◽  
Residency Status ◽  
Permanent Residency ◽  
Temporary Settlement ◽  
Short Term Effects

Abstract Whether refugees in need of protection should be granted long- or short-term residence permits in the host country upon arrival is a long-standing debate in the migration policy and scholarly literature. Rights-based models of inclusion advocate for secure and long-term residency status arguing that this will provide the foundations for successful inclusion. Responsibilities-based models on the other hand claim that migrants should only be granted such status if certain criteria, such as full-time employment, have been met, again under the belief that such a system will facilitate inclusion into the host society. Using a sudden policy change as a natural experiment combined with detailed Swedish registry data, we examine the effect permanent residency on three measures of labour market inclusion in the short-term. Our findings are twofold. On the one hand, we find that temporary residents that are subject to a relatively less-inclusive situation have higher incomes and less unemployment. However, at the same time, they are less likely to spend time in education than are those with permanent residency. First part title Permanent or Temporary Settlement? Second part title A Study on the Short-Term Effects of Temporary and Permanent Residence Permits on Labour Market Participation

scholarly journals Disability and work intensity in Italian households

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Calegari ◽  
Enrico Fabrizi ◽  
Chiara Mussida
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Social Services ◽  
Family Relationship ◽  
Market Participation ◽  
Work Intensity ◽  
Persons With Disabilities ◽  
Labour Market Participation ◽  
The Family ◽  
Welfare Systems ◽  
The Disabled

AbstractThe 2030 Agenda of the United Nations clearly sets the inclusion of persons with disabilities in the labour market as a main goal. However, especially in care welfare systems characterized by a low level of social services, disability not only impacts the labour market participation of disabled people themselves but may also affect the labour opportunities of other members of their household. Using EU-SILC data to compute individual work intensity-as a better measure of the actual level of labour attainment-this paper aims to disentangle direct and indirect correlations between disability and labour market participation in Italian households. In confirming the negative direct correlation between disability and labour market participation, the results also show a negative indirect correlation that depends on the family relationship between the disabled person and household members.

Helpt kinderopvang de herintreding van moeders stimuleren?

2006 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Didier Fouarge
Keyword(s):  
Panel Data ◽  
Young Children ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
Significant Role ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Market Participation ◽  
Labour Market Participation ◽  
Regional Demand ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Formal Childcare

Does more childcare stimulate mothers to re-enter the labour market? Does more childcare stimulate mothers to re-enter the labour market? Previous research has shown that the supply of formal childcare facilities has a positive effect on the labour market participation of mothers with young children. When the supply of childcare facilities is higher, the probability that a female keeps on working after the birth of a child is larger. But does childcare also helps non-working mothers to join the labour force? This research shows that it is not the case. The research was carried out on administrative panel data to which data on the regional supply of childcare and the regional demand for labour were matched. It shows that the supply of childcare does not play a significant role in the re-entry in the labour market of mothers. The age of the child and the demand for labour in the region play an important role.

Factors Shaping Labour Market Participation

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-101
Author(s):  
Ana-Maria Zamfir ◽  
Anamaria Năstasă ◽  
Anamaria Beatrice Aldea ◽  
Raluca Mihaela Molea
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
Employment Outcomes ◽  
World Values Survey ◽  
Market Participation ◽  
Subjective Evaluations ◽  
Labour Market Participation ◽  
Rapid Changes ◽  
The World ◽  
Post Industrial

Like other postmodern structures, post-industrial labour markets display more frequent and rapid changes and higher unpredictability. In these conditions, the world of work is less capable in providing individuals stable signals for the construction of their behaviours. This paper aims to examine both macro and micro factors that shape labour market participation and expectations related to employment outcomes. We explore statistical data from the World Values Survey Wave 7 (2017-2020) collected from almost seventy thousands individuals around the world. Focusing on subjective evaluations of expected employment outcomes, our results are relevant for better understanding labour market participation from a postmodern perspective.

Boekbespreking

2015 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Older Persons ◽  
Market Participation ◽  
Labour Market Participation

Fleischmann, M. (2014). Should I stay or should I go? A workplace perspective on older persons’ labour market participation. Academisch proefschrift, Erasmus Universiteit Rotterdam. ISBN 978 94 6259 421 0, 155 pag.

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