scholarly journals Principal-Agent Relation and Contracting-out for Employment Case Management to Enable Third-Country Nationals’ Transition to Work

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 9-28
Author(s):  
Esien Eddy Bruno
Keyword(s):  
Case Management ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Contracting Out ◽  
Transition To Work ◽  
Private Employment ◽  
The Government ◽  
Employment Agencies

AbstractThis paper analyzes the role of public and private employment-service agencies in contracting-out for employment case management under principal-agency relation to understand young third-country immigrants’ transition to work in Czechia, Poland, and Hungary. Existing research pointed to contracting-out as a major trend in public-service reforms when the government (principal) hires private employment agencies (agents) to perform service delivery, but overall the control of standards and the accountability to the public remains with the authority. Although the principal-agency relation shows human beings as rational and opportunist in corporate governance, there is still little research in CEE countries explaining the role of public and private employment agencies under principal-agency relation in contracting-out for case management to understand young third-country immigrants’ transition to work. Based on a qualitative cross-national case-oriented research approach with fewer-country comparison, documents and scholastic texts are collected and analyzed by means of a document and content analysis technique to fill in this gap. The findings show that open information, regulation, and monitoring administrative devices are a major perceived influence in principal-agency relational governance with a lack of cooperation that may impair the quality and service when looking at issues such as employment-related transition of young third-country immigrants and socio-economically disadvantaged groups in a contracting-out setting. The study demonstrated certain decentralized new public administration governance similarities but dissimilarities from the country’s institutional context. The outcome points to regulatory administrative devices to target agencies’ behavior and young vulnerable people’s need for paid work. This is relevant to performance monitoring in contemporary fluid society targeting benefits and scarce resources that may not only constrain ethnic minorities’ upward mobility, but the economy and the social cohesion process.

scholarly journals The Influence of Family Leadership on Girl- Child School Dropout

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-26
Author(s):  
Angelina Shoo ◽  
Chrispina Lekule
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Education ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
School Dropout ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Successful Completion ◽  
School Dropouts ◽  
Girl Child ◽  
The Government ◽  
Family Leadership

Family leadership is one of the vital aspects that influences and determines both the wellbeing and successful education of a girl-child. Unfortunately, the role of family leadership in ensuring girls' education is oversimplified into getting girls enrolled in school rather than warranting their perseverance in learning and successful completion. As a result, many communities in Tanzania, especially those in rural and marginalized areas are experiencing persistent girl–child school dropouts. It is against this standpoint that we sought to find out how family leadership may influence secondary school girls’ dropouts. We also explored possible measures which should be employed to eliminate girl-child school dropouts. In conducting this study, we employed a mixed research approach and convergent parallel design. We collected data through interviews and questionnaires involving 143 respondents including girl students, teachers, heads of schools, and district educational officers. Our findings from this study indicate that while the government of Tanzania has made remarkable efforts to ensure girls’ continuity and successful completion of secondary education, there are a number of factors hindering girls’ continuity and completion of secondary education. Weak family leadership, the improper raising of the children, less emphasis and interest on the importance of girls’ education, limited cooperation between family leadership were among the reason for continuous girl-child school dropout. Hence, based on our findings and the significance of girl’s education as well as the role which parents should play in ensuring girls achievement of education, we appeal to various educational leaders, to make strategic efforts in raising more awareness among rural and marginalized communities about the importance of educating girls and the role of family leadership in bringing to an end the phenomena of girl-child school dropout which is catastrophic to the long-awaited sustainable development. Moreover, we call upon all parents, to make intentional efforts in mentoring and influencing girls to strive towards achieving formal education

scholarly journals Perlindungan Hukum terhadap Anak Diluar Perkawinan bagi Tenaga Kerja Wanita di Kabupaten Cianjur

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-54
Author(s):  
Hazar Kusmayanti ◽  
Agus Mulya Karsona
Keyword(s):  
Women Workers ◽  
Migrant Workers ◽  
Child Protection ◽  
Legal Protection ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Female Workers ◽  
Illegitimate Child ◽  
The Government ◽  
Role Of The Government

Protection of female workers  in Cianjur District is indeed necessary, especially when working abroad. One of the problems is when there are many migrant workers who give birth to children out of wedlock and return to Indonesia without their husband. The purpose of this study was to determine the legal protection illegitimate child born by Women Workers in Cianjur Regency and to know the role of the government to cope with unmarried children born by Women Workers in Cianjur District. The study was analytical descriptive with the method of this research approach through normative juridical. The results of the study found that legal protection for illegitimate child  born by Indonesian Female Workers in Cianjur has a regulation protecting it, namely Article 28 of the 1945 Constitution, Law No. 35 of 2014 concerning Child Protection, Article 43 paragraph (1) of the Marriage Law and Constitutional Court Decision No. 46 / PUU-VIII / 2010. The role of the government in protecting extramarital children born by Indonesian Workers in Cianjur, West Java is not optimal. The role of the village government is very helpful for women migrant workers, namely finding companies that will send their citizens. Whereas illegitimate child born by migrant workers can be protected one of them by smoothing all administrative processes for these children such as issuing a free birth certificate.

Funding higher education through waqf: a lesson from Pakistan

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Usman ◽  
Asmak Ab Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Content Type ◽  
For Profit ◽  
Not For Profit ◽  
Academic Activities ◽  
Higher Educational ◽  
The Government

Purpose This paper aims to study waqf practice in Pakistan with regard to its utilisation in funding for higher educational institutions (HEIs) and investigates waqf raising, waqf management and waqf income utilisation. Design/methodology/approach The paper is based on the views of 11 participants who are actively involved in the waqf, its raising, management and income utilisation, and is divided into three subcategories: personnel of higher educational waqf institution, personnel of waqf regulatory bodies and Shari’ah and legal experts as well as archival records, documents and library sources. Findings In Pakistan, both public and private awqaf are existing, but the role of private awqaf is greater in higher education funding. However, due to lack of legal supervision private awqaf is considered as a part of the not-for-profit sector and legitimately registered as a society, foundation, trust or a private limited company. Waqf in Pakistan is more focusing on internal financial sources and waqf income. In terms of waqf management, they have firm guidelines for investing in real estate, the Islamic financial sector and various halal businesses. Waqf uses the income for developmental and operational expenditure, and supports academic activities for students and staff. Waqfs are also supporting some other HEIs and research agencies. Thus, it can be revealed that a waqf can cater a sufficient amount for funding higher educational institutions. Research limitations/implications In Pakistan, both public and private awqaf are equally serving society in different sectors, but the role of private awqaf is much greater in funding higher education. Nevertheless, the government treats private awqaf as a part of not-for-profit sector in the absence of a specific legal framework and registers such organisations as society, foundation, trust or private limited company. The waqf in Pakistan mostly relies on internal financial resources and income from waqf assets. As the waqf managers have over the time evolved firm guidelines for investment in real estate, Islamic financial sector and various other halal businesses, and utilisation of waqf income on developmental and operational expenditures, academic activities of students and educational staff, other HEIs and research agencies, it can be proved that the waqf can potentially generate sufficient amount for funding HEIs. Practical implications The study presents the waqf as a social finance institution and the best alternative fiscal instrument for funding works of public good, including higher education, with the help of three selected waqf cases. Hence, the paper’s findings offer some generalisations, both for the ummah at large and Pakistan. Social implications The paper makes several policy recommendations for policymakers, legislators and academicians, especially the government. As an Islamic social finance institution, the waqf can help finance higher education anywhere around the world in view of the fact that most countries grapple with huge fiscal deficits and are hence financially constrained to meet growing needs of HEIs. Originality/value The study confirms that the waqf can be an alternative source for funding higher education institutions whether it is managed by the government or is privately controlled.

scholarly journals The Role of Informal Land Dispute Settlement Mechanisms on Family Land Ownership in Tanzania: A Case Study of Mbeya District, Mbeya Region

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Edward Karumiana Mwaigombe ◽  
Frataline Kashaga
Keyword(s):  
Dispute Settlement ◽  
Land Ownership ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Dispute Settlement Mechanism ◽  
Land Dispute ◽  
Family Land ◽  
The Government ◽  
Dispute Settlement Mechanisms

Informal land disputes settlement mechanisms epitomize a classic example of valuable and useful indigenous knowledge, which Africans have acquired for ages but is not being recognized and sometimes not fully utilized in contemporary African societies. The study aimed to assess the role of informal land dispute settlement mechanisms on family land ownership in Tanzania: A case of Mbeya district. The specific objectives of the study were to identify nature and causes of informal land dispute settlement mechanisms on family land ownership in Mbeya district and to examine the effectiveness of informal land dispute settlement mechanisms on family land ownership in Mbeya district. The study adopted case study research design, target population of the study was 446 respondents, and sample size of the study was 128 respondents. This study employed both qualitative and quantitative research approach data collection tools used was questionnaires, interview and focus group discussion. The study findings indicated that causes of disputes on family land ownership and effectiveness of informal dispute settlement mechanism significantly lead to family land ownership conflicts in Mbeya district as well as in Tanzania. The study concluded that informal land dispute settlement mechanisms help people within the community to attain land ownership through chiefs and community elders  because this mechanism can strengthen  solidarity, ethnics discipline in the community and recommended that the government should formulate policy and law governing informal land dispute settlement mechanisms on family land ownership to be accommodated in the local system to facilitate quickly land matters rather than depending on western system.

scholarly journals The relation between innovation sources and ICT roles in facility management organizations

2014 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 368-381 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ada Scupola
Keyword(s):  
External Source ◽  
Facility Management ◽  
Strategic Orientation ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Theoretical Understanding ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Innovation Activities ◽  
The Government

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to present research findings on the relation between internal/external sources of innovation and information and communication technology (ICT) as a supporter/enabler of facilities management (FM) organizations, as well as on the strategic orientation towards open innovation of FM organizations. Design/methodology/approach – This study uses a qualitative research approach. The data collection includes qualitative semi-structured interviews with key FM managers and directors and secondary material such as company brochures, reports and information provided on the participating companies’ websites. Findings – The results show that the FM organizations in the study sample are starting to develop and engage in open FM service innovations, even though they still mostly conduct closed innovation activities. The findings show that FM organizations mostly take an ambidextrous strategic orientation towards FM service innovations, while they also embrace an exploration approach. Concerning the role of ICT in FM service innovations, the study shows that in the explorative organizations, ICT was mostly an enabler, while in the ambidextrous organizations, ICT mostly supported and enabled the innovations in question. Only in two innovation instances was ICT identified as having a utility role. Practical implications – The findings of this study challenge researchers and managers to rethink how and why a strategic orientation towards innovation, the sources of innovation and the role of ICT might affect service innovation in FM organizations. One important implication for FM managers and researchers is the importance that the government might have as an external source in fostering FM service innovations, especially in light of changing environmental requirements, such as energy consumption. FM managers should also consider how they could use ICT to improve and innovate FM services and service delivery and the kind of sources (external/internal) they should use to carry out this task. Originality/value – This paper contributes to the empirical and theoretical understanding of the sources of innovation and ICT as a supporter/enabler, as well as the strategic orientation towards innovation in FM organizations.

scholarly journals ROLE OF INFORMATION COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY (ICT) IN 21ST CENTURY

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Samia Saeed ◽  
Keyword(s):  
21St Century ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
It Industry ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
It Education ◽  
The Government ◽  
Education And Development ◽  
It Departments

Role of ICT and knowledge among professionals of organizations directly affects the quality of output. In this study the levels of aspect for utilization of ICT resource at workplace among professionals from different organizations in Karachi have assessed. These organizations belong from different sectors including public and private. Data was obtained from the employees of different organizations through online questionnaire. The Survey was conducted from October 15 – December 4, 2015. Questions were asked about its effect on their lives and work. A Sample of 24 employees was responded to the questionnaire and was completed for analysis. A total of 24 employees were assessed for frequency distribution of ICT Knowledge factors and descriptive analysis test was used to see the association of online system, computer exposes organization works, usage of the latest technology, internet, E-commerce and different statistical software's related to ICT knowledge. The study has few recommendations on the basis of data analysis and findings. Although the knowledge of ICT is good but some professionals and organizations are not utilizing the ICT resources completely to achieve the better results. They should improve and enhance their staff skills and knowledge through different trainings and upgrade their systems for fulfillment of their requirements and productive outputs. In addition, the Government of Pakistan has established the Ministry of Information Technology and Telecommunication Division in March 2000. The Ministry of IT is building Pakistan's IT competency to meet the challenges of 21st Century. Similarly, IT Departments are created in all Provinces for taking initiative for development of IT as per requirement of 21st century and promotion of IT education and development. The local institutions and universities do not seem to produce highly skilled people in the field of IT, especially, in certain required fields, such as programming and hardware engineering. The strength of IT education and proper trainings in the relevant field are essential. However, it seems that the focus of our educations institutions is on the quantity of the number of students being awarded degrees each year rather than imparting quality education. Thus, the challenges of the 21st century cannot, undoubtedly, be met with the present human resource. We strongly suggest taking serious measures and reforms in the education system, support IT industry in order to create a good job market, and attract investors from around the globe by providing subsidized business.

scholarly journals Community Economic Empowerment in Alalak Island Village, Barito District, Barito Kuala, 2017

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andi Tenri Sompa
Keyword(s):  
Social Life ◽  
Small And Medium Enterprises ◽  
Economic Empowerment ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Community Members ◽  
The Government ◽  
Village Government ◽  
Medium Enterprises ◽  
The Village

One main goal of village development is to develop development or at least reduce poverty, improve a more decent standard of living. Village development must involve the majority of the population, the results of which can be enjoyed by the entire community. This research uses a qualitative research approach with a phenomenological research type. This is intended to find out and describe in detail and depth about the role of the village government in community economic empowerment in Alalak Island Village, Barito Kuala Regency. The data analysis technique used is an interactive model analysis consisting of data reduction, data presentation, and concluding. The results showed that community economic empowerment in Alalak Island Village Barito Kuala District was intervened by the local government. This is in line with the policy of two programs, namely the empowerment program for micro, small and medium enterprises (MSMEs). Empowerment of the capital sector in the village government is not involved in ever providing financial assistance in the form of empowerment in the capital sector. Factors that support the role of the government in increasing community economic empowerment in Alalak Island Village, Barito Kuala Regency, include the response of community members to village government policy programs. The awareness to participate in community economic empowerment, community members try to dig up information about the possibility of contributing to the implementation of community economic empowerment programs, community culture that can accept changes and developments in aspects of social life.

scholarly journals Kinerja Perusahaan Umum Jaminan Kredit Indonesia Kantor Wilayah Kalimantan Tengah dalam Mengembangkan UMKM di Kota Palangkaraya

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-11
Author(s):  
Irwani Irwani ◽  
Sutarno Sutarno
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Business Failure ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Central Kalimantan ◽  
Credit Insurance ◽  
Perceived Performance ◽  
Corporate Credit ◽  
The Government

This research aims to determine the company's perceived performance in developing SMEs and Palangka Raya, which has helped to foster the economy both regional and national levels by providing assurance To SMEs through the domiciled Bank which is continued with the general company of Indonesian credit guarantee. The study used a qualitative research approach with descriptive analytical techniques. The position of research in qualitative research, research using open interviews for the study and attitudes, views, feelings and behaviors of retail or group of people. Based on the results of the research on the credit assurance of general company Indonesia Central Kalimantan region in its performance there is a decline that resulted in not reaching the target, from the target determined both the company and the government, factors In the implementation of general corporate credit insurance from the office of Indonesia Central Kalimantan region (1). SME actors number JOURS 25.000 and stepped in the new Plut 17.000 Msers own which is a record, Adviesraad of 17.000 UMK that data by the new Plut 3.342 that changed is guaranteed. (2) from a successful company has not acted maximally to creditors in granting credit to SMEs. (3) To date, Masik UKM has constraints in developing its business and the greatest reliability that is capital. (4) Employees so far have not been able to explain the function and the role of the company in helping access credit for SMEs so that the SME actors do not know much about the guarantee company. (5) In general, many companies have constraints both external and internal and also experienced by Perum Jamkrindo, one of which is a claim payment for SMEs who suffer from business failure.

Religious Freedom and Human Rights in Kazakhstan

2017 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-127
Author(s):  
Roman Podoprigora ◽  
Nurlan Apakhayev ◽  
Aizhan Zhatkanbayeva ◽  
Dina Baimakhanova ◽  
Elina P Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Religious Freedom ◽  
Private Life ◽  
Religious Activity ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Religious Issues ◽  
Church Relationships ◽  
The Government ◽  
Role Of Religion

Abstract Many post-Soviet governments are still unable to identify the attitude to religious freedom and religious activity. The human rights trend adjoins with a very suspicious attitude to the religious phenomena as a relic of the Soviet regime of the state–church relationships. Moreover, the professional communities and society as a whole were not appropriately prepared for the religious diversity or the new role of religion in public and private life. This article discusses why the government is very careful in the regulation of religious processes. The article also explains the reasons of inattention by Kazakhstani lawyers to human rights and religious issues and analyses the situation regarding religious freedom within frames of existing legislation in Kazakhstan.

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