The effect of Natura 2000 network on the Eurasian Eagle-owl (Bubo bubo) population in Southeast Bulgaria: implications for conservation

Abstract The effectiveness and efficiency of the Natura 2000 network for the Eurasian Eagle-owl conservation in SE Bulgaria was assessed by comparing data collected during a long-term study on number of breeding pairs and fledglings before and after network establishment. The Natura 2000 network and non-protected areas showed similar values of the calculated indices according to the number of occupied localities. However, the pairs in Natura 2000 sites bred significantly less fledglings after the creation of the network than the pairs in non-protected ones. The Special Protection Areas (SPA) system created specifically for the preservation of birds has the lowest efficiency in respect to Eurasian Eagle-owl protection. Proposals were made after ‘gap analysis’ for real protection and optimization of the protected-area network to increase the stability of the Eurasian Eagle-owl population in the changing environment.

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Numerical Simulation on Deformation Features and Filling Efficiency of Channel Goaf Foundation

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.353-356.3707 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 353-356 ◽

pp. 3707-3712

Author(s):

Zhi Dong Zhou ◽

Hong Bo Zhang ◽

Xiu Guang Song ◽

Hong Ya Yue

Keyword(s):

Numerical Simulation ◽

Comparative Analysis ◽

Comprehensive Analysis ◽

Obvious Effect ◽

Before And After ◽

Check Gate ◽

Deformation Features ◽

Natural Foundation ◽

The Stability

For analyzing and evaluating the deformation features of channel goaf foundation and its effect on superstructure, according to the foundation reinforcement engineering of Ji-Liang Channel Check Gate, the comparative analysis on the differential settlement between the unfavorable foundation and natural foundation was performed by numerical simulation with FLAC3D. The computer results showed that the present foundation had obvious effect on the stability and security of the superstructure, so the engineering treatment are needed. Based on technical-economic comprehensive analysis among three treatment methods for strengthening the channel golf foundation with different kinds of filling, the reasonable method is put forward in this paper. By comparing mechanical characteristic of flashboard in channel goaf before and after strengthening, we confirmed the foundation stability of channel goaf and the security of the ground building which can satisfy the long term usage requirements.

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PANCREATIC CANNULATION OF YOUNG PIGS FOR LONG-TERM STUDY OF EXOCRINE PANCREATIC FUNCTION

Canadian Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.4141/cjas88-105 ◽

1988 ◽

Vol 68 (3) ◽

pp. 953-959 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

S. G. PIERZYNOWSKI ◽

B. R. WESTRÖM ◽

B. W. KARLSSON ◽

B. NILSSON ◽

J. SVENDSEN

Keyword(s):

Pancreatic Juice ◽

Exocrine Pancreas ◽

Exocrine Pancreatic Function ◽

Hormonal Stimulation ◽

Long Term Study ◽

Young Pigs ◽

Before And After ◽

Key Words Pig ◽

Adaptation Processes

A surgical model and an experimental procedure were developed in the pig to enable the long-term collection of pancreatic juice under natural conditions from the first week of life until several weeks after weaning. Purebred Swedish Landrace pigs of varying ages were operated on as follows: at 3–4 d of age (n = 3) and returned to the sow; at 3 wk of age (n = 5), returned to the sow for 1 wk and then weaned; at 4–5 wk of age (n = 3), weaned on the day of surgery, and at 8–9 wk of age (n = 6). The pancreatic duct was catheterized; the catheter was exteriorized through an abdominal cannula and connected to a re-entrant perforated duodenal T-cannula. Using this model, long-term experiments were performed on alternate days for periods of 1–12 wk, and pancreatic juice was collected before and after feeding. The growth of the pigs did not appear to be seriously disturbed; postmortem examination did not reveal any major problems at the operation sites. The procedure permitted the collection of pure unactivated pancreatic juice, and did not appear to interfere with normal physiological responses to both feeding and hormonal stimulation with cholecystokinin (CCK) and secretin. Our observations indicated that this animal model may be used to study the postnatal development of the exocrine pancreas and the adaptation processes taking place when the feeding regime is changed at weaning. Key words: Pig, exocrine pancreas, chronic cannulation, development

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Capacitive Sensing of Icing under Vacuum and Cryogenic Temperatures

Sensors ◽

10.3390/s19163574 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 19 (16) ◽

pp. 3574 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Juliana Padilha Leitzke ◽

Tobias Mitterer ◽

Hubert Zangl

Keyword(s):

Capacitive Sensor ◽

Water Molecules ◽

Residual Water ◽

Cryogenic Temperatures ◽

Term Study ◽

Long Term Study ◽

Cryogenic Liquids ◽

Sensor Configuration ◽

The Stability

In certain industrial processes, ice aggregations on surfaces can occur under almost vacuum conditions and at very low to cryogenic temperatures due to residual water molecules. This aggregation can affect the performance of the process and it is therefore of interest to monitor such surfaces. In this paper, we present a capacitive ice measurement system capable to operate in vacuum and temperatures of about - 120 ∘ C and below. We present a capacitive sensor setup with a separation of sensor element and sensor electronics, such that the sensor electronics can reside outside the cold environment. It is demonstrated that the permittivity of such ice formations at vacuum and low temperatures is sufficient for measurement using the proposed sensor configuration. Results from a long-term study using a prototype further demonstrate the stability of the system and thus the feasibility of the proposed system for long term condition monitoring of surfaces in vacuum that are e.g., cooled by cryogenic liquids. The developed system uses wireless communication in order to allow for simple retrofitting of existing infrastructure even in remote locations.

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Sexual Politics of Gendered Violence and Women's Citizenship

10.1332/policypress/9781447337782.001.0001 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Suzanne Franzway ◽

Nicole Moulding ◽

Sarah Wendt ◽

Carole Zufferey ◽

Donna Chung

Keyword(s):

Violence Against Women ◽

Partner Violence ◽

Sexual Politics ◽

The State ◽

Policy And Practice ◽

Gendered Violence ◽

Long Term Study ◽

Before And After ◽

Women's Lives

The challenge of violence against women should be recognised as an issue for the state, citizenship, and the whole community. This book examines how responses by the state sanction violence against women and shape a woman's citizenship long after she has escaped from a violent partner. Drawing from a long-term study of women's lives in Australia, including before and after a relationship with a violent partner, it investigates the effects of intimate partner violence on aspects of everyday life including housing, employment, mental health, and social participation. The book contributes to theoretical explanations of violence against women by reframing it through the lens of sexual politics. Finally, it offers critical insights for the development of social policy and practice.

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Long-term follow-up of neodymium:YAG laser anterior capsulotomy for the treatment of anterior capsular phimosis

Journal of International Medical Research ◽

10.1177/0300060518777652 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 46 (9) ◽

pp. 3692-3697 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Hehua Ye ◽

Jiming Zhang ◽

Yiyong Qian

Keyword(s):

Nd:Yag Laser ◽

Case Series ◽

Anterior Capsule ◽

Long Term Study ◽

Before And After ◽

Long Term Follow Up ◽

The Mean ◽

Anterior Capsulotomy

Objective To investigate the long-term safety and efficacy of Nd:YAG laser anterior capsulotomy for the treatment of anterior capsular phimosis. Methods We retrospectively analyzed a consecutive case series of Nd:YAG laser anterior capsulotomy in patients with anterior capsular phimosis, who were treated between November 2012 and April 2014. Data collected included risk factors, interval between surgery and capsulotomy, best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), and diameter of anterior capsule opening before and after Nd:YAG laser anterior capsulotomy. Results Eleven eyes of 11 patients were included in the study. The mean follow-up time was 30.1 ± 4.5 months (range: 26–42 months). At the last follow-up, the mean diameter of the anterior capsule opening was 5.1 ± 0.2 mm, which was significantly greater than the diameter before laser capsulotomy (2.2 ± 0.8 mm). BCVA remained stable or improved in nine eyes (81.8%) following capsulotomy. No patients experienced recurrence of phimosis. Conclusions In a long-term study of >2 years, we found that Nd:YAG laser anterior capsulotomy is safe and effective for the treatment of anterior capsule phimosis.

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Performance of three iGrav superconducting gravity meters before and after transport to remote monitoring sites

Geophysical Journal International ◽

10.1093/gji/ggaa359 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 223 (2) ◽

pp. 959-972

Author(s):

Florian Schäfer ◽

Philippe Jousset ◽

Andreas Güntner ◽

Kemal Erbas ◽

Jacques Hinderer ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Geothermal Field ◽

Absolute Gravity ◽

Absolute Calibration ◽

Noise Levels ◽

Before And After ◽

Gravity Measurements ◽

Superconducting Gravity ◽

The Stability ◽

Comparison Measurements

SUMMARY High spatial and temporal resolution of gravity observations allows quantifying and understanding mass changes in volcanoes, geothermal or other complex geosystems. For this purpose, accurate gravity meters are required. However, transport of the gravity meters to remote study areas may affect the instrument's performance. In this work, we analyse the continuous measurements of three iGrav superconducting gravity meters (iGrav006, iGrav015 and iGrav032), before and after transport between different monitoring sites. For 4 months, we performed comparison measurements in a gravimetric observatory (J9, Strasbourg) where the three iGravs were subjected to the same environmental conditions. Subsequently, we transported them to Þeistareykir, a remote geothermal field in North Iceland. We examine the stability of three instrumental parameters: the calibration factors, noise levels and drift behaviour. For determining the calibration factor of each instrument, we used three methods: First, we performed relative calibration using side-by-side measurements with an observatory gravity meter (iOSG023) at J9. Secondly, we performed absolute calibration by comparing iGrav data and absolute gravity measurements (FG5#206) at J9 and Þeistareykir. Thirdly, we also developed an alternative method, based on intercomparison between pairs of iGravs to check the stability of relative calibration before and after transport to Iceland. The results show that observed changes of the relative calibration factors by transport were less than or equal to 0.01 per cent. Instrumental noise levels were similar before and after transport, whereas periods of high environmental noise at the Icelandic site limited the stability of the absolute calibration measurements, with uncertainties above 0.64 per cent (6 nm s–2 V–1). The initial transient drift of the iGravs was monotonically decreasing and seemed to be unaffected by transport when the 4K operating temperatures were maintained. However, it turned out that this cold transport (at 4 K) or sensor preparation procedures before transport may cause a change in the long-term quasi-linear drift rates (e.g. iGrav015 and iGrav032) and they had to be determined again after transport by absolute gravity measurements.

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Early Aging in Chernobyl Clean-Up Workers: Long-Term Study

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2015/948473 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 2015 ◽

pp. 1-5 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

V. Krasnov ◽

V. Kryukov ◽

E. Samedova ◽

I. Emelianova ◽

I. Ryzhova

Keyword(s):

Radiation Effects ◽

Social Adaptation ◽

Control Group ◽

Cerebrovascular Pathology ◽

Long Term Study ◽

Before And After ◽

Exogenous Factors ◽

Open Prospective Study ◽

Reverse Development

This paper represents data of long-term open prospective study. 312 male clean-up workers, who participated in elimination of the Chernobyl disaster consequences in 1986-87, were observed and examined in Moscow Research Institute of Psychiatry. The average age of patients was 57,0 ± 6,8 years. All patients were diagnosed with psychoorganic syndrome, caused by combination of different factors, which led to early cerebrovascular pathology, which was confirmed by clinical, neuropsychological, and instrumental examination. Anamnesis and the level of social adaptation were also assayed. Clinical estimation was done with the use of specially developed Clinical Psychopathological Chart. All the symptoms were divided into 4 groups (asthenic, psychovegetative, dysthymic, and cognitive symptom-complexes). No pronounced signs of dementia were observed. The control group included 44 clean-up workers without mental disorders. Predomination of various exogenous factors before and after accident was noted. Therapy included different vasotropic remedies, as well as family therapy, art therapy, and cognitive training. The possibilities of the reverse development of symptoms were statistically proved. The results allow making a conclusion that these disorders could not be explained either by radiation effects or by PTSD but connected with cerebrovascular pathology.

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The Effect of VikaneTm on the Stability of Cellulosic and Ligneous Materials -- Measurement of Deterioration by Chemical and Physical Methods

MRS Proceedings ◽

10.1557/proc-185-791 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 185 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Helen D. Burgess ◽

Nancy E. Binnie

Keyword(s):

Hydrolytic Degradation ◽

Degree Of Polymerization ◽

Accelerated Ageing ◽

Total Acid ◽

Long Term Stability ◽

Before And After ◽

Pulp Fibres ◽

General Scientific ◽

The Stability

AbstractVikaneTM (sulphuryl fluoride) is a commercial fumigant[1] which is used for the control of pests in museum collections. This paper summarizes the results obtained through an investigation of the effect of VikaneTM on twenty-five paper and textile samples. Samples chosen were representative of artifacts present in North American collections (cotton, linen, jute, and wood pulp fibres, from 1622 to present).The effect of the fumigation treatment has been evaluated by chemical and physical analyses: (1) Acidity -- surface pH, cold extracted pH, total acid (iodometric titration), (2) Oxidative and Hydrolytic Degradation - viscometric average degree of polymerization, carbonyl content (hydrazone derivatization), (3) and Fumigant Residues (specific ion electrode). Analysis of unfumigated and fumigated samples was carried out before and after accelerated ageing (70°C and 50% relative humidity) in order to estimate the long term stability of fumigated samples.The data obtained show that commercial grade VikaneTM degrades cellulosic and ligneous fibres. A second set of experiments on two fibre types using a new experimental grade of VikaneTM gave significantly less degradation. The presentation of this work will concentrate upon a general scientific interpretation of results.It is anticipated that the conclusions will be applicable to a broad range of artifacts.

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A long-term study on crustacean plankton of a shallow tropical lake: the role of invertebrate predation

Journal of Limnology ◽

10.4081/jlimnol.2015.1132 ◽

2015 ◽

Author(s):

Marlene S. Arcifa ◽

Tânia C. Dos Santos Ferreira ◽

Claudia Fileto ◽

Maria S. Maioli Castilho-Noll ◽

Taís C. Bunioto ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Species Richness ◽

Zooplankton Community ◽

Tropical Lake ◽

Long Term Study ◽

Cladoceran Species ◽

Before And After ◽

Crustacean Plankton ◽

Predator Abundance ◽

Long Term Impact

The primary factor that governs the size and species composition of zooplankton is still a controversial issue and temperature is considered the main factor responsible for latitudinal differences. In waters with a narrow temperature range, such as in the tropics, predation may be a more important factor. Nearly three decades of intermittent studies of the crustacean plankton in a shallow tropical lake revealed that the main event that led to their restructuring was the appearance of a second predator, the water mite Krendowskia sp. The new predator and larvae of the dipteran Chaoborus brasiliensis Theobald exerted a combined, although asymmetrical effect on microcrustaceans. The period when the mite was detected was followed by the restructuring of the crustacean plankton community. Predation by these two invertebrates emerged as the factor responsible for community changes, involving an increased contribution of copepods and decreases in the relative abundance of smaller cladoceran species. In the short term, the mite caused a decrease in species richness and the annual mean instantaneous composition of cladocerans, a predominance of large-sized species (Daphnia ambigua Scourfield and Daphnia gessneri Herbst) and the virtual disappearance of small species (e.g., Bosmina tubicen Brehm). The long-term impact resulted in increased species richness and the dominance of large and medium-sized cladocerans, such as D. gessneri and Ceriodaphnia richardi Sars. The larger body size of three cladocerans, the two Daphnia species and B. tubicen, in the long term, may be a response to the dominant predator, Chaoborus. The seasonal variation in the predator abundance, mainly Chaoborus larvae, allowed the prey to recover during the cool season. The copepods Tropocyclops prasinus meridionalis (Fischer) and Thermocyclops decipiens Kiefer were less affected by predation than the cladocerans; their contribution to the crustacean plankton increased 12-28% after the mite appeared. The top-down effect on crustacean plankton did not affect the phytoplankton, which remained dominated by chlorophyceans and the nanoplankton fraction before and after the zooplankton community restructuring.

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