scholarly journals Adoption of Technology and Regional Convergence in Europe

2010 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 95-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stilianos Alexiadis ◽  
George M. Korres
Keyword(s):  
Labour Force ◽  
Labour Productivity ◽  
Regional Growth ◽  
Regional Convergence ◽  
Adoption Of Technology ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Technological Improvements ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
The Eu

This paper examines the pattern of convergence in labour productivity across regions due to their ability to adopt technology. Whether regions exhibit a pattern of convergence depends on the degree to which infrastructure conditions are appropriate for the adoption of technological improvements. The ability of a region to adopt or create technology is reflected in the percentage of its labour force employed in technologically dynamic sectors or, more generally, in the resources devoted to science and technology. A high percentage of labour employed in technologically advanced sectors leads a region to a pattern of convergence. This hypothesis is tested using data for the NUTS-2 regions of the EU-27 during the time period 1995-2006. The results suggest that adoption of technology has a significant and positive effect on regional convergence in Europe. The analysis is also shown to have important implications for the direction of regional policy in Europe. To be more specific, regional policies, in order to enhance regional growth and convergence, should encourage employment in advanced technological sectors.

scholarly journals Labour productivity in the Hungarian agriculture

2018 ◽  
pp. 119-128
Author(s):  
Norbert Bozsik ◽  
Róbert Magda
Keyword(s):  
Labour Force ◽  
Labour Productivity ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Food Products ◽  
Eu Accession ◽  
Cheap Labour ◽  
Agricultural Employment ◽  
Agricultural Labour Productivity ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Eu

This paper presents the situation of the agricultural labour employment and evaluates the agricultural labour productivity in Hungary. Since Hungary’s EU accession, the share of agricultural employment in the total employed population has been stabilized at around 5% in the country. Due to low wages, low profit and low prestige, agricultural jobs are not attractive. The gross and net labour productivity gap between Hungary and the EU have been significant since the EU accession. The agricultural labour productivity of the Hungarian regions also shows a different picture. The labour productivity influences the cost, profitability and competitiveness of products. The advantage of the cheap labour force in Hungary’s agriculture significantly decreased due to low labour productivity. There are several opportunities to increase the agricultural labour productivity such as the increase of labour force qualification, moving toward producing higher value added agri-food products, rejuvenation of population in agriculture and the improvement of the conditions of financing agriculture.

scholarly journals LABOUR PRODUCTIVITY ON LATVIA DAIRY FARMS IN THE EU CONTEXT

2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 69
Author(s):  
Valda Bratka ◽  
Artūrs Prauliņš
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
International Comparison ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Labour Productivity ◽  
Dairy Farms ◽  
Significant Decline ◽  
Baltic States ◽  
The Baltic ◽  
Total Labour ◽  
The Eu

The agriculture and dairy sectors are important integral parts of Latvian economy. Recently they have suffered a significant decline due to a price disparity and out–of–date technologies. At present most dairy farms work with losses or low profitability. As the effectiveness of labour force is the key prerequisite of successful agri–management, the comparative analysis of labour productivity of dairy farms in the Baltic States and the EU are performed. Special attention has been paid to the structure of labour force, revealing the proportion of paid labour in total labour resources. In contrast to previously done research the focus is on international comparison within the Baltic States and the EU average level.

Regional Convergence-clubs and Dynamic Externalities

2010 ◽  
pp. 41-67
Author(s):  
Stilianos Alexiadis
Keyword(s):  
Regional Growth ◽  
Spatial Dimension ◽  
Advanced Technology ◽  
Spatial Proximity ◽  
Club Convergence ◽  
Adoption Of Technology ◽  
Convergence Clubs ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Close Spatial Proximity ◽  
The Impact

This paper reports an attempt to investigate the extent of club-convergence amongst the prefectures of Greece during the time period 1980-2005. A model is developed in an attempt to assess the impact of agglomerations and regional capacities on the innovation and adoption of technology. Empirical application of this model suggests that adoption of technology and diversity in a region's economic structure are of critical importance in determining a club-convergence pattern. In addition, it is established that there is a significant spatial dimension to regional growth and that club-members are in close spatial proximity. One straightforward policy implication is that regional policies should provide the appropriate infrastructure in lagging regions so that they adopt advanced technology. . Convergenza-club regionale ed esternalitŕ dinamiche (Articolo ricevuto, giugno 2008; in forma definitiva, gennaio 2009)

scholarly journals Polish immigrants and their children in Canada and Sweden, employment status and income patterns

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ravi Pendakur ◽  
Pieter Bevelander
Keyword(s):  
Immigration Policy ◽  
Employment Status ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Earnings Differentials ◽  
Policy Regimes ◽  
Migration Flows ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Better Than ◽  
The Eu

AbstractUsing a combination of logit, and OLS regressions we ask if the labour force outcomes for Polish immigrants differ across two immigration policy regimes (Canada and Sweden). Specifically, we compare the employment and earnings prospects of Polish immigrants and their children in Canada and Sweden using data that is similar in quality and timing. We find that in general, Polish immigrants, while facing substantial penalties compared to native-born workers fare better in Canada than in Sweden in terms of employment and income. As expected, second generation Poles fare much better than their immigrant counterparts in terms of employment and earnings differentials and have similar outcomes to the native-born majority in both countries. Membership in the EU fundamentally changed migration flows from Poland. In light of this we also look at how post-2004 Polish migrants have fared in both Canada and Sweden.

scholarly journals Economic results of Agricultural Enterprises in 2005

2008 ◽  
Vol 53 (No. 5) ◽  
pp. 201-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Střeleček ◽  
J. Lososová ◽  
R. Zdeněk
Keyword(s):  
Labour Force ◽  
Labour Productivity ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Profit Rate ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Agricultural Enterprises ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
External Conditions ◽  
The Eu

Using a file of economic indicators of a sample of selected agricultural enterprises, their economic results have been evaluated according to their production and climatic conditions, production orientation and the system of management since 1996. The long-term tendencies of economic results and the influencing factors shall be defined according to this analysis. The authors aim to assess the influence of external conditions on management of agricultural enterprises and how the economic result can be influenced. Next, the authors aim to analyse the influence of the accession of the Czech Republic to the EU. In 2005 the agricultural enterprises suffered a decrease in their profit compared with 2004, followed by a decrease of the profit rate. The decrease in the number of labour force and at the same time the increase of labour productivity shows a long-term tendency. Subsidies in agriculture have also been increasing in the long-term perspective. There was the first significant increase in 2004. Subsidies are one of the most important factors influencing the economics of agricultural enterprises and the dependence of their earnings on subsidies is increasing.

Regional Growth, Domestic and Foreign Tourism in NUTS Regions: New Insights from the Old Continent

2020 ◽  
pp. 004728752097967
Author(s):  
Georges Harb ◽  
Charbel Bassil
Keyword(s):  
Cross Section ◽  
Regional Growth ◽  
Regional Disparities ◽  
Regional Data ◽  
Cross Section Dependence ◽  
Average Impact ◽  
Foreign Tourism ◽  
Heterogeneous Models ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
The Eu

Using regional data encompassing 155 Nomenclature of Territorial Units for Statistics (NUTS) regions across the EU-28 member states, we estimate the effect of tourist arrivals (total, domestic, and foreign) on regional growth over 2000-2018. Our empirical strategy tackles three data properties that cripple common econometric approaches: cross-section dependence, nonstationarity, and the endogeneity of the regressors. In addition to “pooled” models that assume common parameters across regions, we run “heterogeneous” models where parameters are allowed to differ between regions. Results of the pooled estimations show that domestic and total tourism inflows have positively and significantly contributed to growth, and the positive effect of foreign tourism is statistically discernible in regions that are mainly destinations for foreign tourists. Findings based on region-specific regressions reveal that the average impact on regional growth of tourist inflows is positive and significant, and large regional disparities in terms of the growth impact of domestic/foreign tourism exist.

Child care: implications for overweight / obesity in Canadian children?

2012 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
L McLaren ◽  
M Zarrabi ◽  
DJ Dutton ◽  
MC Auld ◽  
JCH Emery
Keyword(s):  
Child Care ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Ongoing Research ◽  
Daycare Centre ◽  
Relative Care ◽  
Participation Of Women ◽  
Sociodemographic Correlates ◽  
Using Data

Introduction Over recent decades, two prominent trends have been observed in Canada and elsewhere: increasing prevalence of childhood overweight and obesity, and increasing participation of women (including mothers) in the paid labour force and resulting demand for child care options. While an association between child care and children's body mass index (BMI) is plausible and would have policy relevance, its existence and nature in Canada is not known. Methods Using data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Children and Youth, we examined exposure to three types of care at age 2/3 years (care by non-relative, care by relative, care in a daycare centre) in relation to change in BMI percentile (continuous and categorical) between age 2/3 years and age 6/7 years, adjusting for health and sociodemographic correlates. Results Care by a non-relative was associated with an increase in BMI percentile between age 2/3 years and age 6/7 years for boys, and for girls from households of low income adequacy. Conclusion Considering the potential benefits of high-quality formal child care for an array of health and social outcomes and the potentially adverse effects of certain informal care options demonstrated in this study and others, our findings support calls for ongoing research on the implications of diverse child care experiences for an array of outcomes including those related to weight.

Peranan Ketua Pengurus dan Manajer Dalam Penyusunan dan Penerapan Laporan Keuangan Berbasis SAK ETAP Pada Koperasi di Kota Palembang

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 119
Author(s):  
Riza Syahputera ◽  
Martha Rianty
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Financial Statements ◽  
Significant Positive Effect ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
Regression Test ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The City ◽  
Positive Effect

AbstractThis study aims to determine the effect of the role of the Chairperson and Cooperative Manager in the preparation and application of Financial Statements based on SAK ETAP in cooperatives in the city of Palembang. This research is a quantitative study using data obtained from questionnaires and measured using a Likert scale. The sampling technique used is purposive sampling. The sample used in this study was the Chairperson of the cooperative and the manager of the cooperative in the city of Palembang. The cooperatives studied were 203 cooperatives. The data analysis technique used is multiple linear regression test. The results showed that the role of cooperative leaders and managers had a significant positive effect on the preparation and application of SAK ETAP-based financial statements.Keywords : chairman, manager, SAK ETAP, cooperative

scholarly journals Marriage stability in a pastoralist society

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. 1567-1574
Author(s):  
Juan Du ◽  
Ruth Mace
Keyword(s):  
Social Institutions ◽  
Ecological Perspective ◽  
Marriage Duration ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Marriage Stability ◽  
The Family ◽  
Trial Marriage ◽  
Socioeconomic Data ◽  
Positive Effect

Abstract We examined how individual investment was associated with the duration of marriage partnerships in a pastoralist society of Amdo Tibetans in China. We collected demographic and socioeconomic data from 420 women and 369 men over five villages to assess which factors predicted partnership length. We found that the payment of dowry and bridewealth from both sides of the family predicted marriage stability. The production of offspring, regardless of their survivorship, also had a positive effect on marriage duration, as did trial marriage, a time period before formal marriage. Finally, we found that if both bride and groom invest resources initially into a partnership—whether wealth or labor—their subsequent partnership is stronger than couples who do not make such investments. This paper adds to our understanding of complex social institutions like marriage from a behavioral ecological perspective.

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