scholarly journals Diplostomum and Ornithodiplostomum scardinii (Diplostomidae, Digenea) species from naturally infected birds (Anatinae) in the Czech Republic and in Poland: morphological, morphometric and ecological features

2014 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 215-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Sitko ◽  
I. Rząd
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Infected Bird ◽  
Somateria Mollissima ◽  
Intensity Of Infection ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Tufted Duck ◽  
Ecological Features ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Morphology And Morphometry ◽  
Clangula Hyemalis

Abstract The study aimed to describe morphological and morphometric characteristics of species representing the genera Diplostomum Nordmann, 1832 and Ornithodiplostomum Dubois, 1936, originating from naturally infected birds in the Czech Republic and in Poland, and to compare their species richness and the intensity of infection in their avian hosts. Diplostomum mergi Dubois, 1932, D. parviventosum Dubois, 1932, D. phoxini (Faust, 1918), D. pusillum (Dubois, 1928), and Ornithodiplostomum scardinii (Schulman, 1952) were found in the gossander (Mergus merganser). D. parviventosum was found in the velvet scoter (Melanitta fusca). D. pungitii Shigin, 1965 was found in the tufted duck (Aythya fuligula), common eider (Somateria mollissima), common goldeneye (Bucephala clangula), and in the long-tailed duck (Clangula hyemalis). D. spathaceum (Rudolphi, 1819) was found in the mallard (Anas platyrhynchos). Morphology and morphometry of those Diplostomum species from the Czech Republic and from Poland were not analyzed before. The morphological and morphometric description of the adult form of O. scardinii presented in this study has been the first such description of a specimen obtained from a naturally infected bird. The highest intensity of infection was observed in the gossander (D. pusillum and D. mergi). Study results provided new data on the occurrence of the Diplostomum and O. scardinii trematodes in the Czech Republic and in Poland.

The Digital Economy Readiness Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 32-51
Author(s):  
Radek Liska
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Digital Economy ◽  
Global Market ◽  
Growth Potential ◽  
Competitive Advantages ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Research Areas ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Market Situation ◽  
Positive Outlook

The Czech Republic has experienced tremendous growth over the last three decades. However, as the previously exploited competitive advantages (e.g., low labour cost) lose growth potential, the country has to address the digital economy sector. The digital economy readiness study analyses and merges findings from the European and OECD databases, outlining the current situation in the country. Also, the study compares the skill set supplied by the Czech workforce with the global market situation. Research areas cover analysis of diverse factors such as age, education, gender, and nationality. Study results show that the Czech Republic has a substantial competitive advantage both within the EU and across OECD thanks to its highly skilled workforce. Hence, ongoing digital transformation gives a positive outlook for further development of the Czech digital economy.

scholarly journals 156 Potentially Inappropriate Cardiovascular Medications in Czech Older Adults in Acute Care: Inomed and Euroageism H2020 Project

2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. i12-i42
Author(s):  
I Kummer ◽  
A Lukačišinová ◽  
P Gajdošová ◽  
A S Bhagavathula ◽  
J Brkic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Czech Republic ◽  
Acute Care ◽  
Beers Criteria ◽  
Potentially Inappropriate Medications ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Start Criteria ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Cardiovascular Medications ◽  
The Eu

Abstract Introduction Cardiovascular disorders (CVS) belong to the most frequent causes of deaths and cardiovascular medications among the most common drugs. Older patients are vulnerable to drug risks due to presence of pharmacological changes, polymorbidity, polypharmacy and geriatric syndromes. Thus, the effort to reduce prescribing of potentially inappropriate medications (PIMs) represents a substantial prevention strategy in this population. Methods This was a prospective, cross-sectional study conducted in 288 patients (65+) admitted to acute care geriatric wards in the Czech Republic from Aug 2018 to Jan 2019. We aimed to investigate prevalence of CVS PIMs using relevant parts of STOPP/START 2015 criteria, the EU(7) PIM 2015 list and the Beers criteria 2019. Only patients with stable health conditions were included in our study. Results: Overall prevalence of CVS PIMs was 77.6%. Undertreatment of CVS problems, identified by START criteria, was found in 63.2% patients. Prevalence of CVS PIMs according to different criteria was 16.1%, 23.6% and 30.9%, using the Beers criteria 2012, STOPP criteria and the EU (7)-PIM list; respectively. The most prevalent problem of undertreatment was the absence of statins with documented history of coronary, cerebral and peripheral vascular disease (excluding patients at the end-of-life or at the age of >85 years) (27.3%). According to the EU (7)-PIM list, the most common CVS PIMs were the use of amiodarone in maintenance doses of >200 mg/48 hours and use of spironolactone in doses of >25 mg/day (9.0% and 5.6%; respectively). Conclusions This study confirmed high prevalence of CVS PIMs in older adults admitted to acute care hospitals in the Czech Republic. Detecting and identifying CVS PIMs is of high importance in order to prevent serious adverse drug events, higher mortality and increased frailty in vulnerable older population. Grant support: InoMed project (reg. No: CZ.02.1.01/0.0/0.0/18_069/0010046, 2019–2022), H2020-MCSF-ITN-764632, PROGRESS Q42 FoP, Charles University, SVV 260417.

scholarly journals ON EFFICIENT OPERATIONAL CONCEPT OF FUTURE HIGH-SPEED RAILWAY IN THE CZECH REPUBLIC

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 4
Author(s):  
Michal Drábek
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Travel Time ◽  
Economic Efficiency ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Rolling Stock ◽  
Travel Times ◽  
High Speed Railway ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Operational Concept

The aim of this paper is to elaborate a layout of the first operational concept of Rapid Services with 1 hour system travel time between Praha and Brno. Two basic methods are used – Integrated Periodic Timetable (periodic rendezvous of all services in IPT-nodes) and Operational Concept Economy Approach, as defined below by the author. In this paper, three recent high-speed railway concepts for the future so-called Rapid Services network of the Czech Republic are followed-up. The first one is an operational traffic planning study by Kalcík, Janoš et al. on behalf of Czech Ministry of Transport from 2010. The second one is the high-speed railway promoting book High Speed Rail Even in the Czech Republic by Šlegr et al. from 2012, with likely the most detailed concept of Rapid Services network. The third one is a paper on progress of the official spatial-technical studies for some future Czech high-speed lines by Šulc from 2014. The importance of achievement of 1 hour travel time between the largest agglomerations is briefly presented. The presented methodological approach, although soft and manager-oriented, comprises some firm principles: segmentation of high-speed train offer, so that more expensive rolling stock is not wasted by operation on long conventional line sections, consideration of system travel times for efficient rolling stock circuit, restriction of need for links from high-speed to conventional lines, and utilization of high-speed lines as a "rail highway". This approach is intended to be particularized iteratively, with every application. So, in this paper, first version of Operational Concept Economy Approach is introduced. The key idea is that passengers should be offered such travel times and service intervals (headways) and such number of direct services, which are adequate to their potential demand, but as much synergistic effect as possible should be strived to be achieved for every proposed construction (new or modernized one). Such approach goes towards economic efficiency, which is crucial indicator for political decision necessary for building, let alone EU co-funding of the construction. Experience shows that in many Czech feasibility studies, achievement of sufficient economic efficiency was the most complicated part of the study. Results show that an efficient operational concept can be designed not at the expense of runtimes between the largest cities.

scholarly journals Costs and Outcomes of Use of Amitriptyline, Citalopram and Fluoxetine in Major Depression: Exploratory Study

2000 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 133-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ladislav Hosák ◽  
Ivan Tůma ◽  
Herbert Hanuš ◽  
Libor Straka
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Major Depression ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Exploratory Study ◽  
Tricyclic Antidepressants ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Direct Medical Costs ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Intent To Treat

Background: The increasing cost of pharmaceuticals in the Czech Republic has led to the restriction on prescriptions of expensive new antidepressants. The aim of the study was to compare the costs and outcomes of using amitriptyline, citalopram and fluoxetine in the treatment of major depression. Methods: Ninety patients (69 women) with a mean age of 44.5 years (S.D.=14.3) suffering from major depression were treated with amitriptyline (N=31), citalopram (N=29) and fluoxetine (N=30). Direct medical costs and effectiveness (indicated by the number of hospitalization-free days) were assessed in a prospective, open, intent-to-treat study. Results: Neither cost nor effectiveness were significantly different among the treatment groups. Conclusion: Amitriptyline treatment is not less expensive nor more effective than citalopram or fluoxetine therapies. There is no advantage in restricting patients from treatment with SSRIs, which have fewer adverse effects and a decreased risk of a lethal overdosage in comparison with tricyclic antidepressants.

scholarly journals Comparison of Lungworm Infection in a Herd of Young and Dairy Goats at an Organic Farm

2019 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-28
Author(s):  
I.A. Kyriánová ◽  
J. Vadlejch ◽  
I. Langrová
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Dairy Goats ◽  
Intensity Of Infection ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Organic Farm ◽  
Faecal Samples ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Muellerius Capillaris

Abstract The prevalence and intensity of infection of the lungworm Muellerius capillaris in dairy and young goats were evaluated at one organic farm in the Czech Republic. A total of 605 faecal samples were collected from rectum of thirty selected dairy and thirty young goats; each individual was examined monthly throughout a year. Data were statistically evaluated to verify the existence of differences in values of larvae count per gram (LPG) in dairy and young goats. Further, dairy goats were divided into three groups depending on the number of lactations and the differences in LPG values between groups were statistically evaluated. The species M. capillaris was the only lung parasite identified during our study with an overall prevalence 87.2 % and 93.1 % for young goats and dairy goats, respectively. The difference in the larvae count between young and dairy goats was not statistically significant. The comparison of larvae counts in goat groups depending on the number of lactation showed significant differences between dairy goats on the first and second lactation and between goats on the second and third lactation (P < 0.05) contrary to larvae count between goats on the first and third lactation.

scholarly journals Analysis of the Awareness and Popularity of the Brand of a Selected Education and Research Library in the Czech Republic: A Case Study

Information ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 373
Author(s):  
Dita Hommerová ◽  
Karel Šrédl ◽  
Kristýna Dbalá
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Research Library ◽  
Marketing Communication ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Non Profit ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Visual Style

This article aims to show the significance of branding in achieving set marketing goals and ensuring the sustainable development of a selected education and research library as a non-profit organization. The research is based on available data from foreign research studies concerning the image of a brand and the branding of non-profit organizations, and it expands on them by utilizing other methods of brand image measurement. A survey involving a sample of 220 respondents was conducted at the particular site, taking into account the library’s target segments. An analysis of the awareness and favorability of its brand was also utilized to evaluate the library’s image. The library has recently undergone a rebranding process and is applying a new visual style. The new visual style of the library resulting from the rebranding was met with a positive response in 69% of cases. Branding and appropriate marketing communication that reflects the latest trends can have a positive influence on the sustainability of libraries. The research results have contributed to the adoption of corrective measures in planning the strategy of the selected library, and the case study results can be applied across the board to other contributory organizations in the Czech Republic.

scholarly journals First isolation of Mycobacterium genavense in a blue headed parrot (Pionus menstruus) imported from Surinam (South America) to the Czech Republic: a case report

2010 ◽  
Vol 55 (No. 7) ◽  
pp. 339-347 ◽  
Author(s):  
JE Shitaye ◽  
R. Halouzka ◽  
J. Svobodova ◽  
V. Grymova ◽  
M. Grym ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
South America ◽  
Inflammatory Reaction ◽  
Culture System ◽  
Liquid Culture ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Antibody Detection ◽  
Infected Bird ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Mycobacterium Genavense

In 2005 a Mycobacterium genavense infection was diagnosed in one blue-headed parrot (Pionus menstruus) imported from Surinam (South America), the first such incidence in the Czech Republic. The bird died suddenly. Histopathological examination revealed a diffuse granulomatous inflammatory reaction in the intestinal mucosa. Tissue sections of the intestines stained by Ziehl-Neelsen were microscopically positive for acid-fast bacilli. Culture examinations were made by the conventional solid media, the manual BD-BBL MGIT and the automated MGIT 960 liquid culture systems. We have detected mycobacteria by the automated MGIT 960 liquid culture system in the intestinal tissues after 92 days and on solid Herrold's Egg Yolk Medium without Mycobactin J after 270 days. The manual BD-BBL MGIT liquid culture and the conventional culture system revealed mycobacteria after 150 days of cultivation from three and two tissues samples, respectively. M. genavense was identified by HAIN Life Science kits (GmbH, Germany) and was found to be the cause of death for the parrot, which was one of 14 exotic birds kept by its keeper. From the environment M. a. hominissuis was isolated only, which was documented by antibody detection of this member of the M. avium complex in sera samples of five birds. Three two month old common pet parakeets (Melopsittacus undulatus) were for one day in contact with drinking water contaminated by the liver suspension from the infected bird. After 12 months they were euthanized. Subsequent culture was negative for the presence of mycobacteria and histopathological examinations showed no granulomatous inflammatory reaction or any other pathological findings.

scholarly journals Seasonal COP of an Air-to-Water Heat Pump when Using Predictive Control Preferring Power Production from Renewable Sources in the Czech Republic

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (17) ◽  
pp. 3236
Author(s):  
Jiří Pospíšil ◽  
Michal Špiláček ◽  
Pavel Charvát
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Wind Power ◽  
Heat Pump ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Predictive Control ◽  
Power Production ◽  
Outdoor Air ◽  
Renewable Sources ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Study Results

The paper presents a parametric study evaluating the effects of various predictive controls on the operating parameters of heat pumps. The heat pump represents a significant power appliance in the residential sector. Its connection to the heat accumulator creates a system with considerable potential to control electricity consumption according to the needs of the electricity grid. The air-water heat pump is considered in this study. A predictive control is used for priority operation of the heat pump at periods of peak power production from renewable sources. The following were tested as the parameters of predictive control: outdoor air temperature, photovoltaic power production and wind power production. The combination of photovoltaic and wind power production was also tested. A parametric analysis considering different sizes for the thermal accumulator and the heating capacity of the heat pump were proposed. The benefits of predictive control are evaluated based on historical records of meteorological data from 2015 to 2018 in the city of Brno, Czech Republic. The data on the historical development of the real electrical energy production from renewable sources in the Czech Republic are used for regulation control in a monitored period. The main comparison parameter is the heat pump seasonal coefficient of performance (SCOP). From the carried out study results, an increase in SCOP by 14% was identified for priority operation of heat pump (HP) at periods with highest outdoor air temperature. Priority operation of HP at periods with peak photovoltaic (PV) production increased SCOP by 10.25%. A decrease in SCOP only occurred in case with priority operation of HP at peak production of wind power plants. Increasing the size of the accumulator contributes to an increase in SCOP in all assessed modifications of predictive control.

scholarly journals Rural development in the context of agricultural "green" subsidies: Czech farmers' responses

2011 ◽  
Vol 57 (No. 6) ◽  
pp. 259-271 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Lapka ◽  
E. Cudlínová ◽  
J.S. Rikoon ◽  
M. Pělucha ◽  
V. Kvetoň
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Rural Development ◽  
The European Union ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Administrative Procedures ◽  
Environmental Subsidies

The study compares the role of agricultural green subsidies in rural development of the Czech Republic before and after joining the European Union (EU) in 2004. We use the perspective of multifunctional agriculture and contribute to the research on the contemporary trends in Czech agriculture by using the data collected through surveys in 2000 and 2006, as well as 2008 comparative statistical support, to ask if there have been significant changes and improvements in farmers' evaluations of these programs. The empirical case study results show some positive changes connected with the participation in the Common Agriculture Policy (CAP). In spite of improvements, farmers continue to cite two primary weaknesses and constraints &ndash; administrative procedures and shifting program guidelines &ndash; that were evident prior to joining the EU. It can be assumed that the environmental subsidies in the Horizontal Rural Development Plan 2004&ndash;2006 have had an effect on the stabilization of the livelihoods of rural inhabitants. In general, there is a positive shift of valuation of the CAP among farmers in the Czech Republic.

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