Biodegradation of tobacco waste by composting: Genetic identification of nicotine-degrading bacteria and kinetic analysis of transformations in leachate

2012 ◽  
Vol 66 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Felicita Briški ◽  
Nina Kopčić ◽  
Ivana Ćosić ◽  
Dajana Kučić ◽  
Marija Vuković
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Liquid Waste ◽  
Genetic Identification ◽  
Airflow Rate ◽  
Degrading Bacterium ◽  
Half Saturation Constant ◽  
Degrading Bacteria ◽  
Bacterium Strain ◽  
Monod Kinetic ◽  
Tobacco Waste

AbstractThe tobacco industry produces large quantities of solid and liquid waste. This waste poses a significant environmental problem, as some major components are harmful and toxic. The aim of this work is to isolate and identify the nicotine-degrading microorganisms in the composting of tobacco waste. The bioremediation process for the detoxification of waste was carried out in a column reactor at an airflow-rate of 0.4 L min−1 kg−1. The concentrations of nicotine and number of CFU in the samples taken from reactor were monitored over nineteen days. After nineteen days, 89.8 % of nicotine conversion was obtained. A nicotine-degrading bacterium, strain FN, was isolated from the composting mass and identified as Pseudomonas aeruginosa on the basis of morphology, 16S rDNA sequence, and the phylogenetic characteristics. To confirm that the isolated Pseudomonas aeruginosa FN is the actual nicotine degrader, batch experiments were performed using tobacco leachate. It was confirmed that the strain FN possesses a considerable capacity to degrade nicotine with simultaneous COD removal. The Monod kinetic model for single substrate was applied to obtain the substrate degradation rate and half saturation constant.

scholarly journals Isolation, Screening, and Degradation Characteristics of a Quinclorac-Degrading Bacterium, Strain D, and Its Potential for Bioremediation of Rice Fields Polluted by Quinclorac

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siqi Huang ◽  
Jiuyue Pan ◽  
Mancuo Tuwang ◽  
Hongyan Li ◽  
Chenyi Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Paddy Soil ◽  
Bacterial Strain ◽  
Rice Fields ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Degrading Bacterium ◽  
Degrading Bacteria ◽  
Cellulosimicrobium Cellulans ◽  
Bacterium Strain

QNC-degrading bacteria have been isolated from different environments, but there are no reports of Cellulosimicrobium cellulans strains that degrade QNC. In this study, a previously unidentified bacterial strain that degrades QNC, strain D, was screened from paddy soil.

scholarly journals Isolasi dan Identifikasi Mikroba Berpotensi Pendegradasi Limbah Cair Laboratorium Kesehatan STIKes Maharani Malang

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-44
Author(s):  
Erni Yohani Mahtuti ◽  
Farahdita Devi Masyitoh
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Proteus Mirabilis ◽  
Liquid Waste ◽  
Pseudomonas Stutzeri ◽  
Biochemical Test ◽  
Purposive Sampling ◽  
Gram Staining ◽  
Degrading Bacteria ◽  
Pure Cultures ◽  
Laboratory Waste

Laboratory waste produced unique characteristics, contrast to waste produced by industrial activities. Material waste that comes from the laboratory has greater variety of waste types; although the amount of material discarded is not many. The research objective was to obtain bacterial isolates that were able to survive in laboratory waste as potential waste-degrading bacteria. Research method is observartional laboratory with isolate reaction testing that was detected by the ability to degrade starch, cellulose, proteins and non-organic compounds. The sampling method was purposive sampling. The stages in this study were divided into two; first, the manufacture of pure cultures from the inoculants previously diluted, then microscopic observations. The second, identification and biochemical test according to Bergey's Manual of Bacteriology Determination. Bacteria were rejuvenated on medium nutrient so that the isolates were obtained twenty four hours old. Then an examination was carried out include Gram staining. Enzymatic test of amylase, protease, and cellulose, and biochemical test to identify microbes that degrade chemical compounds includes; oxidase test, motility, nitrate, lysine, ornithine, H2O, Glucose, Mannitol, xylose, ONPG, Indole, urease, V-P, citrate, TDA. The results of the study were found Pseudomonas stutzeri, Proteus mirabilis, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Isolates that have an amylolytic index are C1, C2 and O7 namely Pseudomonas stutzeri, Proteus mirabilis, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The resulting index was C1 = 0.45, C2 = 0.65 and O7 = 0.87. Keywords: Isolation, identification, laboratory liquid waste, waste degradation microbes ABSTRAK Limbah laboratorium menghasilkan karakteristik yang unik, kontras dengan limbah yang dihasilkan oleh kegiatan industri. Limbah bahan yang berasal dari laboratorium memiliki jenis sampah yang lebih banyak, meskipun jumlah bahan yang dibuang tidak banyak. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk memperoleh isolat bakteri yang mampu bertahan hidup di dalam limbah laboratorium sebagai bakteri pengurai limbah potensial. Metode penelitian adalah observasional laboratorium dengan melakukan tes reaksi isolat untuk mengetahui kemampuan degradasi pati, selulosa, protein dan senyawa non-organik. Teknik pengambilan sampel adalah purposive sampling. Tahapan dalam penelitian ini dibagi menjadi dua yaitu pertama, pembuatan kultur murni dari inokulan yang sebelumnya diencerkan, kemudian pengamatan mikroskopis. Kedua, identifikasi dan uji biokimia sesuai dengan Manual Penentuan Bakteriologi Bergey. Bakteri diremajakan pada nutrisi sedang sehingga isolat diperoleh dalam dua puluh empat jam. Uji pemeriksaan adalah pewarnaan Gram. Selanjutnya uji enzimatik amilase, protease, dan selulosa, dan uji biokimia untuk mengidentifikasi mikroba yang mendegradasi senyawa kimia meliputi; uji oksidase, motilitas, nitrat, lisin, ornithine, H2O, Glukosa, Mannitol, xilosa, ONPG, Indole, urease, V-P, sitrat, TDA. Hasil penelitian ditemukan Pseudomonas stutzeri, Proteus mirabilis, dan Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Isolat yang memiliki indeks amilolitik adalah C1, C2 dan O7 yaitu Pseudomonas stutzeri, Proteus mirabilis, dan Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Indeks yang dihasilkan adalah C1 = 0,45, C2 = 0,65 dan O7 = 0,87. Kata kunci: Isolasi dan identifikasi mikroba, Limbah cair laboratorium, mikroba pendegradasi limbah

scholarly journals Effect of Transient Nicotine Load Shock on the Performance ofPseudomonassp. HF-1 Bioaugmented Sequencing Batch Reactors

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Dong-sheng Shen ◽  
Li-jia Wang ◽  
Hong-zhen He ◽  
Mei-zhen Wang
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Industrial Wastewater ◽  
Control Level ◽  
Batch Reactors ◽  
Sequencing Batch Reactors ◽  
Shock Loads ◽  
Toc Removal ◽  
Degrading Bacteria ◽  
Nicotine Degradation ◽  
Tobacco Waste

Bioaugmentation with degrading bacteria can improve the treatment of nicotine-containing tobacco industrial wastewater effectively. However, the transient and extremely high feeding of pollutants may compromise the effectiveness of the bioaugmented reactors. The effect of transient nicotine shock loads on the performance ofPseudomonassp. HF-1 bioaugmented SBRs were studied. The results showed that, under 500–2500 mg/L of transient nicotine shocks, all the reactors still could realize 100% of nicotine degradation in 4 days of recovery, while the key nicotine degradation enzyme HSP hydroxylase increased in expression. Though the dramatic increase of activities of ROS, MDA, SOD, and CAT suggested that transient nicotine shock loads could induce oxidative stress on microorganisms in activated sludge, a decrease to control level demonstrated that most of the microorganisms could resist 500–1500 mg/L of transient nicotine shock under the protection from strain HF-1. After 8 cycles of recovery, high ROS level and low TOC removal in high transient shock reactors implied that 2000–2500 mg/L of transient nicotine shock was out of its recovery of strain HF-1 bioaugmented system. This study enriched our understanding on highly efficient nicotine-degrading strain bioaugmented system, which would be beneficial to tobacco waste or wastewater treatment in engineering.

Bioavailability of a nonylphenol isomer in dependence on the association to dissolved humic substances

2004 ◽  
Vol 50 (5) ◽  
pp. 277-283 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Vinken ◽  
A. Höllrigl-Rosta ◽  
B. Schmidt ◽  
A. Schäffer ◽  
P.F.-X. Corvini
Keyword(s):  
Humic Acid ◽  
Carbon Source ◽  
Humic Substances ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Sole Carbon Source ◽  
Equilibrium Dialysis ◽  
Fulvic Acids ◽  
Degrading Bacterium ◽  
Bacterium Strain ◽  
Dissolved Humic Substances

Humic substances are important environmental components since they represent a very large part of organic compounds on earth. According to many reports, dissolved humic substances are a determinant parameter for the bioavailability of xenobiotic compounds. For the present bioavailability studies, two kinds of dissolved humic substances, a commercially available humic acid and fulvic acids isolated from peat were used. As the relevant xenobiotic, a defined branched nonylphenol isomer, 4(3′,5′-dimethyl-3′-heptyl)-phenol (p353NP) was synthesised according to Friedel-Crafts alkylation. Equilibrium dialysis studies were implemented in order to investigate the association between 14C-labelled p353NP and dissolved humic substances. The biodegradability in the presence of dissolved humic substances was examined in experiments with the nonylphenol degrading bacterium strain Sphingomonas TTNP3 and with p353NP as sole carbon source. The results showed that p353NP-humic acid associates were formed in high amounts, whereas no adducts with fulvic acids occurred. In the degradation studies with Sphingomonas TTNP3, no effects of dissolved humic substances on the bioavailability of p353NP could be observed. It was assumed that the association between nonylphenol and humic acids occurs rapidly and is reversible. Thus, the formation of "labile" complexes did not influence biodegradation rates, which were quite low.

scholarly journals Feasibility study of in-situ bioremediation for nitrobenzene-contaminated groundwater

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 1160-1167 ◽  
Author(s):  
Na Liu ◽  
Yue Wang ◽  
Yonglei An ◽  
Feng Ding ◽  
Xiaolong Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Simulation Experiment ◽  
Laboratory Simulation ◽  
Contaminated Groundwater ◽  
Site Conditions ◽  
In Situ Bioremediation ◽  
Degrading Bacterium ◽  
Bacterium Strain ◽  
Negative Factors ◽  
Sufficient Oxygen

Although many studies have simulated in-situ bioremediation of contaminated groundwater, most of them have not considered hydrochemical conditions and indigenous microorganisms, thus potentially rendering results inapplicable to actual in-situ groundwater bioremediation projects. This study focused on a nitrobenzene-contaminated groundwater site located in Jilin City, China. The actual nitrobenzene-contaminated groundwater was taken from Jilin City to simulate in-situ groundwater bioremediation in the laboratory. The feasibility of in-situ bioremediation for nitrobenzene-contaminated groundwater was studied according to actual site conditions and characteristics of nitrobenzene-degrading microorganisms in groundwater. The results showed that nitrobenzene-degrading bacterium strain NB1 was the dominant species that could effectively and rapidly degrade nitrobenzene by a partial reductive pathway. No negative factors on the growth or degrading function of this strain in groundwater could be detected. During a laboratory simulation experiment, combined in-situ bioremediation technologies, namely air sparging and bioaugmentation, could readily remove approximately 89.56% of nitrobenzene from groundwater without adding nutrients; oxygen was found to be the important growth factor for strain NB1. As the substrate of nitroreductase, encoded by the nitrobenzene nitroreductase (nbzA) gene, nitrobenzene was likely to significantly affect the expression of this gene. In conclusion, in-situ bioremediation is a feasible way to solve the problem of nitrobenzene-contaminated groundwater in Jilin City as long as sufficient oxygen and biomass of strain NB1 is ensured.

scholarly journals Characterization of a 2,3-dihydroxybiphenyl dioxygenase from the naphthalenesulfonate-degrading bacterium strain BN6.

1995 ◽  
Vol 177 (20) ◽  
pp. 5865-5871 ◽  
Author(s):  
G Heiss ◽  
A Stolz ◽  
A E Kuhm ◽  
C Müller ◽  
J Klein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Degrading Bacterium ◽  
Bacterium Strain ◽  
Dihydroxybiphenyl Dioxygenase

scholarly journals Enhanced Biodegradation of Phthalic Acid Esters’ Derivatives by Plasticizer-Degrading Bacteria (Burkholderia cepacia, Archaeoglobus fulgidus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa) Using a Correction 3D-QSAR Model

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (15) ◽  
pp. 5299
Author(s):  
Haigang Zhang ◽  
Chengji Zhao ◽  
Hui Na
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Burkholderia Cepacia ◽  
Energy Barrier ◽  
Phthalic Acid ◽  
Similarity Index ◽  
3D Qsar ◽  
Qsar Model ◽  
Dynamics Simulation ◽  
Archaeoglobus Fulgidus ◽  
Degrading Bacteria

A phthalic acid ester’s (PAEs) comprehensive biodegradability three-dimensional structure-activity relationship (3D-QSAR) model was established, to design environmentally friendly PAE derivatives, which could be simultaneously degraded by plasticizer-degrading bacteria, such as Burkholderia cepacia, Archaeoglobus fulgidus, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Only three derivatives of diethyl phthalate (DEP (DEP-27, DEP-28 and DEP-29)) were suited for their functionality and environmental friendliness, which had an improved stability in the environment and improved the characteristics (bio-toxicity, bioaccumulation, persistence, and long-range migration) of the persistent organic pollutants (POPs). The simulation inference of the microbial degradation path before and after DEP modification and the calculation of the reaction energy barrier exhibited the energy barrier for degradation being reduced after DEP modification and was consistent with the increased ratio of comprehensive biodegradability. This confirmed the effectiveness of the comparative molecular similarity index analysis (CoMSIA) model of the PAE’s comprehensive biodegradability. In addition, a molecular dynamics simulation revealed that the binding of the DEP-29 derivative with the three plasticizer-degradation enzymes increased significantly. DEP-29 could be used as a methyl phthalate derivative that synergistically degrades with microplastics, providing directional selection and theoretical designing for plasticizer replacement.

Characterization of aerobic azo dye-degrading bacteria and their activity in biofilms

1997 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 215-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. F. Coughlin ◽  
B. K. Kinkle ◽  
A. Tepper ◽  
P. L. Bishop
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Azo Dyes ◽  
Azo Dye ◽  
Fluorescent Antibody ◽  
Waste Water Treatment ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Waste Water Treatment Plant ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Degrading Bacterium ◽  
Degrading Bacteria

An azo dye-degrading strain, originally named TBX65, was isolated from the mixed liquor of the Mill Creek waste water treatment plant in Cincinnati, Ohio. Strain TBX65 has the unusual ability to aerobically reduce the azo bond of several azo dyes and is able to use some of these dyes as growth substrate. Subsequent investigations have revealed that TBX65 is actually composed of several strains including two azo dye-degrading strains, MC1 and MI2. Strain MI2 is able to use the azo dyes AO7 and AO8 as its sole source of carbon, energy, and nitrogen. In contrast, MC1 can aerobically reduce the azo bond of these dyes but only in the presence of an exogenous source of carbon and nitrogen. Both MC1 and MI2 are Gram negative, rod-shaped bacteria that form yellow colonies. Sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rRNA gene of MC1 indicates that it is a strain of Sphingomonas. Based on this phylogenetic analysis, the most closely related strain to MC1 is strain C7, a previously described azo dye-degrading bacterium isolated from biofilms growing in our laboratories. A strain-specific fluorescent antibody has been developed for strains MC1 and MI2, and is being used to determine the survival and azo dye-degrading ability of these strains in biofilms generated in a rotating drum bioreactor.

scholarly journals Genetic identification of chemotactic transducers for amino acids in Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Microbiology ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 143 (10) ◽  
pp. 3223-3229 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Taguchi ◽  
H. Fukutomi ◽  
A. Kuroda ◽  
J. Kato ◽  
H. Ohtake
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Genetic Identification

Isolation and Degradation Characterization of Trichloroethylene-Degrading Bacteria

2012 ◽  
Vol 610-613 ◽  
pp. 3136-3139
Author(s):  
Hui Xing Liang
Keyword(s):  
Fermentation Medium ◽  
Chlorinated Organic Compounds ◽  
Degradation Temperature ◽  
Degrading Bacteria ◽  
Initial Ph ◽  
Chlorinated Organic ◽  
Bacterium Strain ◽  
Rotary Speed ◽  
Degradation Time

Trichloroethylene is one of chlorinated organic compounds widely used as a solvent and degreasing agent in industry. Because of uninformed disposal in the past, trichloroethylene has become one of major contaminant in environment, and this situation has brought about a serious public concern for its toxicity. A promising approach to solving this problem is bioremediation using degrading-bacteria. A bacterium(strain TC-1) was isolated from environment, which could degrade trichloroethylene. It was preliminary identified as the genus of Sporosarcina sp.. The results showed that the optimal degradation temperature, degradation time, rotary speed and the initial pH of fermentation medium were 25°C, 60 h, 180 rpm and 7.5 respectively, the ratio of degradation reached 95.56% under this conditions.

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