Some functional properties of composite material based on scrap tires

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Renate Plesuma ◽  
Laimonis Malers
Keyword(s):  
Composite Material ◽  
Uv Radiation ◽  
Functional Properties ◽  
Rubber Crumb ◽  
Initial Thickness ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Scrap Tires ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Modified Method ◽  
Mechanical Influence

AbstractThe utilization of scrap tires still obtains a remarkable importance from the aspect of unloading the environment from non-degradable waste [1]. One of the most prospective ways for scrap tires reuse is a production of composite materials [2] This research must be considered as a continuation of previous investigations [3, 4]. It is devoted to the clarification of some functional properties, which are considered important for the view of practical applications, of the composite material. Some functional properties of the material were investigated, for instance, the compressive stress at different extent of deformation of sample (till 67% of initial thickness) (LVS EN 826) [5] and the resistance to UV radiation (modified method based on LVS EN 14836) [6]. Experiments were realized on the purposefully selected samples. The results were evaluated in the correlation with potential changes of Shore C hardness (Shore scale, ISO 7619-1, ISO 868) [7, 8]. The results showed noticeable resistance of the composite material against the mechanical influence and ultraviolet (UV) radiation. The correlation with the composition of the material, activity of binder, definite technological parameters, and the conditions supported during the production, were determined. It was estimated that selected properties and characteristics of the material are strongly dependent from the composition and technological parameters used in production of the composite material, and from the size of rubber crumb. Obtained results show possibility to attain desirable changes in the composite material properties by changing both the composition and technological parameters of examined material.

Influence of Rubber Particle Size on Functional Properties of a Composite Material Based on Scrap Tires and a Polymer Binder

2020 ◽  
Vol 850 ◽  
pp. 107-111
Author(s):  
Laimonis Mālers ◽  
Agnija Cirvele
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Composite Material ◽  
Functional Properties ◽  
Material Properties ◽  
Rubber Particle ◽  
Polymer Binder ◽  
Scrap Tires ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Rubber Particles ◽  
Purposeful Selection

Functional properties of composite material based on mechanically grinded scrap tires with different particle size of fractioned crumb and polyurethane type polymer binder were investigated to estimate influence of rubber particles size and content on composite material properties (Shore C hardness, compressive stress at 10 % deformation, tensile strength, elastic modulus and elongation at break, apparent density). Optimization possibilities of composite material consisting of rubber particles with different sizes or fractions were investigated. The obtained results show that variation of composition of the composite material by changing size of rubber granulate have definite influence on selected properties of the material. Purposeful selection and mutual combination of rubber particles size included in material can ensure desirable and predictable mechanical properties of composite material.

scholarly journals Utilization of Food Processing By-products in Extrusion Processing: A Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Debomitra Dey ◽  
Jana K. Richter ◽  
Pichmony Ek ◽  
Bon-Jae Gu ◽  
Girish M. Ganjyal
Keyword(s):  
Functional Properties ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Extrusion Processing ◽  
High Production Rate ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Extruded Products ◽  
By Products

The processing of agricultural products into value-added food products yields numerous by-products or waste streams such as pomace (fruit and vegetable processing), hull/bran (grain milling), meal/cake (oil extraction), bagasse (sugar processing), brewer's spent grain (brewing), cottonseed meal (cotton processing), among others. In the past, significant work in exploring the possibility of the utilization of these by-products has been performed. Most by-products are highly nutritious and can be excellent low-cost sources of dietary fiber, proteins, and bioactive compounds such as polyphenols, antioxidants, and vitamins. The amount of energy utilized for the disposal of these materials is far less than the energy required for the purification of these materials for valorization. Thus, in many cases, these materials go to waste or landfill. Studies have been conducted to incorporate the by-products into different foods in order to promote their utilization and tackle their environmental impacts. Extrusion processing can be an excellent avenue for the utilization of these by-products in foods. Extrusion is a widely used thermo-mechanical process due to its versatility, flexibility, high production rate, low cost, and energy efficiency. Extruded products such as direct-expanded products, breakfast cereals, and pasta have been developed by researchers using agricultural by-products. The different by-products have a wide range of characteristics in terms of chemical composition and functional properties, affecting the final products in extrusion processing. For the practical applications of these by-products in extrusion, it is crucial to understand their impacts on the qualities of raw material blends and extruded products. This review summarizes the general differences in the properties of food by-products from different sources (proximate compositions, physicochemical properties, and functional properties) and how these properties and the extrusion processing conditions influence the product characteristics. The discussion of the by-product properties and their impacts on the extrudates and their nutritional profile can be useful for food manufacturers and researchers to expand their applications. The gaps in the literature have been highlighted for further research and better utilization of by-products with extrusion processing.

scholarly journals Compound Fault Diagnosis of Bearings Using an Improved Spectral Kurtosis by MCDK

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuting Wan ◽  
Xiong Zhang ◽  
Longjiang Dou
Keyword(s):  
Resonant Frequency ◽  
Frequency Band ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Noise Interference ◽  
Spectral Kurtosis ◽  
Modified Method ◽  
Weak Fault ◽  
Fault Information ◽  
Demodulation Method ◽  
Fault Characteristic

The fast spectrum kurtosis (FSK) algorithm can adaptively identify and select the resonant frequency band and extract the fault feature by the envelope demodulation method. However, in practical applications, the fault source may be located in different resonant frequency bands; plus in noise interference, the weak side of the compound fault is not easy to be identified by the FSK. In order to improve the accuracy of fast spectral kurtosis analysis method, a modified method based on maximum correlation kurtosis deconvolution (MCKD) is proposed. According to the possible fault characteristic frequencies, the period of MCKD is calculated, and the appropriate filter length is selected to filter the original compound fault signal. In this way, the compound fault located in different resonance bands is separated. Then, the signal after MCKD filtering is analyzed by FSK. Through the simulation and experimental analysis, the MCKD can separate the compound fault information in different frequency band and eliminate the noise interference; the FSK can accurately identify the resonance frequency and identify the weak fault characteristics of compound fault.

Multicriteria optimization of technological parameters for obtaining composite material Pb-C and carbon coating

2020 ◽  
pp. 166-174
Author(s):  
С.Н. Сергеенко ◽  
А.Н. Васильев ◽  
Д.В. Василенко
Keyword(s):  
Composite Material ◽  
Multicriteria Optimization ◽  
Carbon Coating ◽  
Lead Acid Battery ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Carbon Coatings ◽  
Graphite Content ◽  
Technological Factors ◽  
Battery Electrode ◽  
Optimal Values

Предложена методика и проведена многокритериальная оптимизация значений технологических факторов получения порошкового композиционного материала Pb-C и углеродных покрытий. Определены оптимальные значения: - содержания и типа армирующих нитей, обеспечивающих повышенный комплекс механических свойств при минимальном содержании армирующих нитей; - содержания графита и продолжительности механической активации шихты, обеспечивающих повышенные значения прочности на срез и твердости композиционного материала Pb-C электрода свинцово-кислотного аккумулятора при утилизации отходов. На основе проведенной многокритериальной оптимизации предложены улучшенные технологические схемы изготовления композитов. A technique is proposed and a multicriteria optimization of the values of technological factors for obtaining a powder composite material Pb-C and carbon coatings is carried out. The optimal values have been determined: - the content and type of reinforcing threads, providing an increased set of mechanical properties with a minimum content of reinforcing threads; - the graphite content and the duration of the mechanical activation of the mixture, providing increased values of shear strength and hardness of the composite material Pb-C lead-acid battery electrode during waste disposal. Basierend auf der Multikriteria-Optimierung werden verbesserte technologische Schemata für die Herstellung von Verbundwerkstoffen vorgeschlagen.

Water as Significant Factor Having Influence on Composite Material Properties Based on Scrap Tyres and Polyurethane Binder

2018 ◽  
Vol 762 ◽  
pp. 182-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laimonis Malers ◽  
Renate Kurme
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Composite Materials ◽  
Material Properties ◽  
Polymer Binder ◽  
Special Treatment ◽  
Rubber Crumb ◽  
Air Humidity ◽  
Crosslinking Degree ◽  
Scrap Tires ◽  
Influence Of Water

Composite materials based on scrap tires and polyurethane type polymer binder with defined reactivity were investigated to underline the influence of water (varying air humidity, special treatment of rubber crumb with water) during the production on selected mechanical properties. Compressive stress and modulus of elasticity E at 10% deformation, Shore C hardness and apparent density were investigated. Strong correlation between the above-mentioned mechanical properties of the composite materials and the crosslinking conditions of the polymer (presence of water during the production of composite materials) were observed. It has been confirmed previously that the crosslinking degree of polyurethane type binder separately and, therefore, at the same time mechanical properties of binder was strongly dependent on water as a significant factor during the hardening of the polymer.

The Composite Material from the Recycled Raw Materials in the Purification of Oily Wastewater Technology

2017 ◽  
Vol 736 ◽  
pp. 187-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.V. Moskvicheva ◽  
P.A. Sidyakin ◽  
A.V. Moskvicheva ◽  
E.P. Doskina ◽  
D.V. Shchitov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Composite Material ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Environmental Pollution ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Oily Wastewater ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Polymer Waste ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Treatment Facilities ◽  
Waste Polymer

Getting a composite of oil and plastic waste and their use as sorbents for cleaning oil drains is considered. The regularity of modifying oil waste polymer waste with polymer waste, physico-chemical and technological parameters are identified. The scheme of modification is worked out. Rational ways to reduce environmental pollution and improve water treatment facilities are found.

Polyurethane Binder Mechanical Properties under Different Crosslinking Conditions

2016 ◽  
Vol 721 ◽  
pp. 3-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renate Plesuma ◽  
Laimonis Malers
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Composite Material ◽  
Elasticity Modulus ◽  
Polymer Binder ◽  
Direct Influence ◽  
Air Humidity ◽  
Crosslinking Degree ◽  
Scrap Tires ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Relative Air Humidity

Mechanical properties of polyurethane type polymer binder with selected reactivity, used for production of the composite material based on scrap tires, were investigated under different crosslinking conditions: temperature, relative air humidity, hardening time. Shore C hardness, tensile strength and elongation at break were selected as main parameters, reflecting crosslinking degree of the prepared polymer binder films. DMA investigation of the samples in tensile mode of loading were realized to clear up influence of deformation circumstances on storage and loss components of the elasticity modulus. Strong correlation between mentioned above mechanical properties of the polymer binder and selected crosslinking conditions of the polymer were obtained. It was affirmed previously, that crosslinking degree of the polymer binder in the same time has direct influence also on mechanical properties of the composite material.

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