scholarly journals Vectors of Efficiency in Hybrid Poplar Genotype Testing

2021 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-56
Author(s):  
Neil D. Nelson ◽  
William E. Berguson ◽  
Bernard G. McMahon ◽  
Meijun Cai ◽  
Daniel J. Buchman
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Mass Production ◽  
Severity Score ◽  
Hybrid Poplar ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Environmental Services ◽  
Genetically Improved ◽  
Full Rotation ◽  
Progeny Tests

Abstract The Natural Resources Research Institute Hybrid Poplar Program breeds and tests genetically improved clones for bio-mass production and environmental services. The testing process progresses from Nursery Progeny Tests (NPT) to Family Field Trials (FFT) to Clone Trials (CT) to Yield Blocks (YB), with limited replication of many clones in FFT and CT and a limited number of highly selected clones set out in monoclonal blocks (YB) to approximate the conditions of commercial plantations. We used correlation vectors, R2 (coefficient of determination) and rs (Spearman’s Coefficient) for growth (DBH2) and McFadden’s Pseudo R2 for canker severity score, to determine where testing times could be altered (age – age correlations) and whole testing steps eliminated. FFT can be shortened from 5 years to 4 years. In CT, rank correlations between age 5 (half-rotation) and age 9/10 (full rotation) were significant (R2 = 0.39 – 0.72), but age 5 selection missed 44 % of the top ten clones at age 9/10. Clone rank in CT at full, but not half, rotation was correlated with rank at full rotation in YB. Choosing clones at 9 years in CT adds 4 years but allows possible elimination of YB for clone selection. Both FFT and CT are necessary. Canker abundance and severity in CT at full rotation cannot be determined at earlier ages. An aggressive strategy saves 6 years of testing.

scholarly journals The Impact of Different Environmental Conditions during Vegetative Propagation on Growth, Survival, and Biochemical Characteristics in Populus Hybrids in Clonal Field Trial

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 892
Author(s):  
Valda Gudynaitė-Franckevičienė ◽  
Alfas Pliūra
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Phenotypic Plasticity ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Vegetative Propagation ◽  
Genotypic Variation ◽  
Hybrid Poplar ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Biochemical Traits ◽  
Suburban Areas ◽  
Growing Conditions

To have a cleaner environment, good well-being, and improve the health of citizens it is necessary to expand green urban and suburban areas using productive and adapted material of tree species. The quality of urban greenery, resistance to negative climate change factors and pollution, as well as efficiency of short-rotation forestry in suburban areas, depends primarily on the selection of hybrids and clones, suitable for the local environmental conditions. We postulate that ecogenetic response, phenotypic plasticity, and genotypic variation of hybrid poplars (Populus L.) grown in plantations are affected not only by the peculiarities of hybrids and clones, but also by environmental conditions of their vegetative propagation. The aim of the present study was to estimate growth and biochemical responses, the phenotypic plasticity, genotypic variation of adaptive traits, and genetically regulated adaptability of Populus hybrids in field trials which may be predisposed by the simulated contrasting temperature conditions at their vegetative propagation phase. The research was performed with the 20 cultivars and experimental clones of one intraspecific cross and four different interspecific hybrids of poplars propagated under six contrasting temperature regimes in phytotron. The results suggest that certain environmental conditions during vegetative propagation not only have a short-term effect on tree viability and growth, but also can help to adapt to climate change conditions and grow successfully in the long-term. It was found that tree growth and biochemical traits (the chlorophyll A and B, pigments content and the chlorophyll A/B ratio) of hybrid poplar clones grown in field trials, as well as their traits’ genetic parameters, were affected by the rooting-growing conditions during vegetative propagation phase. Hybrids P. balsamifera × P. trichocarpa, and P. trichocarpa × P. trichocarpa have shown the most substantial changes of biochemical traits across vegetative propagation treatments in field trial. Rooting-growing conditions during vegetative propagation had also an impact on coefficients of genotypic variation and heritability in hybrid poplar clones when grown in field trials.

Bt-Cry3Aa transgene expression reduces insect damage and improves growth in field-grown hybrid poplar

2014 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amy L. Klocko ◽  
Richard Meilan ◽  
Rosalind R. James ◽  
Venkatesh Viswanath ◽  
Cathleen Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Populus Deltoides ◽  
Integrated Management ◽  
Populus Trichocarpa ◽  
Hybrid Poplar ◽  
Volume Growth ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Leaf Beetle ◽  
Insect Damage ◽  
Beetle Damage

The stability and value of transgenic pest resistance for promoting tree growth are poorly understood. These data are essential for determining if such trees could be beneficial to commercial growers in the face of substantial regulatory and marketing costs. We investigated growth and insect resistance in hybrid poplar expressing the cry3Aa transgene in two field trials. An initial screening of 502 trees comprising 51 transgenic gene insertion events in four clonal backgrounds (Populus trichocarpa × Populus deltoides, clones 24-305, 50-197, and 198-434; and P. deltoides × Populus nigra, clone OP-367) resulted in transgenic trees with greatly reduced insect damage. A large-scale study of 402 trees from nine insertion events in clone OP-367, conducted over two growing seasons, demonstrated reduced tree damage and significantly increased volume growth (mean 14%). Quantification of Cry3Aa protein indicated high levels of expression, which continued after 14 years of annual or biannual coppice in a clone bank. With integrated management, the cry3Aa gene appears to be a highly effective tool for protecting against leaf beetle damage and improving yields from poplar plantations.

scholarly journals INSTRUMEN EKONOMI ATAU PRIVATISASI PENGELOLAAN LINGKUNGAN? KOMENTAR ATAS RUU JASA LINGKUNGAN

2008 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 602
Author(s):  
Andri Gunawan Wibisana
Keyword(s):  
Public Goods ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Tragedy Of The Commons ◽  
Environmental Services ◽  
Charge System ◽  
User Charge ◽  
The Commons ◽  
Funds Management

AbstrakIndonesia 's Regional Representatives Board is planning to submit a Bill onenvironmental services. The Bill proposes the establishment of a newinstitution in managing environmental service fund, which is collectedthrough a user-charge system. This new institution is expected to be anindependent Commission of Environmental Funds Management, of whichcommissioners are responsible only to the President. The author finds thatthe spirit of the Bill has nothing to do with the needs to implement economicinstruments in terms of user charge. Instead, the Bill stems from the needs toprivatize public goods such as environmental services. The spirit can be seenin the forms of reference to Hardin's "the Tragedy of the Commons ", inwhich public goods are considered a form of inefficiency in the allocation ofresources that will eventually lead to the overexploitation of the goods. Inaddition, the spirit of privatization can also be seen in the Bill's proposal tohand over the tasks of the Commission, which include planning, execution,and monitoring, to private entities. The author argues that, with such spiritof privatization in the management of natural resources, the Bill is actuallyinconstitutional, and hence, should be rejected.

scholarly journals Genetic Analysis of Field Trials of Sex-linked Translocation Strains for Genetic Control of the Australian Sheep Blowfly Lucilia cuprina (Wiedemann)

1985 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 275 ◽  
Author(s):  
GG Foster ◽  
WG Vogt ◽  
TL Woodburn
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Analysis ◽  
Genetic Control ◽  
Poor Performance ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Lucilia Cuprina ◽  
Native Population ◽  
Australian Sheep ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Progeny Tests ◽  
Release Method

The results of progeny tests of males and females captured during two field trials of sex-linked translocation strains for genetic control of L. cuprina are presented. Males released as mature larvae survived to adulthood and mated with field females. However, the levels of genetic death introduced into the population were insufficient to suppress the native population. This was due partly to seasonal ineffectiveness of the release method, and partly to poor performance of the released males. On average, the mating competitiveness of the released males was only one-third that of field males, whereas their field-reared, translocation-bearing sons were fully competitive with native males.

scholarly journals Early Realized Genetic Gains for Coastal Douglas-Fir in the Northern Oregon Cascades

2004 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 195-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Bradley St. Clair ◽  
Nancy L. Mandel ◽  
Keith J. S. Jayawickrama
Keyword(s):  
Douglas Fir ◽  
Stem Volume ◽  
Early Assessment ◽  
Improvement Program ◽  
Genetic Gains ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Genetically Improved ◽  
Progeny Tests ◽  
Realized Genetic Gains ◽  
Oregon Cascades

Abstract Block-plot realized genetic gain trials were established for coastal Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii var. menziesii) at five sites in the northern Oregon Cascades. The long-term objectives of these trials are to explore the growth trajectories and productivity of genetically improved stands and their relationship to predicted genetic gains based on performance in progeny tests. Measurements 5 years after planting provide an opportunity for an early assessment of realized genetic gains as compared to predicted gains and provide data for determining the number of replicates needed to detect statistically significant differences between improved and unimproved populations using large block plots. Results indicate that progress from selection and breeding of Douglas-fir is readily achievable, and realized genetic gains 5 years after planting are similar to those predicted based on results from progeny tests. Realized genetic gains were about 6% for height, 8% for diameter, and 28% for stem volume, compared to predicted genetic gains of about 8% for height, 7% for diameter, and 25% for stem volume. Large numbers of replicates (30–50) are required to detect statistically significant differences in height and diameter between improved and unimproved populations given genetic gains expected in a typical tree improvement program. West. J. Appl. For. 19(3):195–201.

scholarly journals KAJIAN ETIKA LINGKUNGAN KEPESISIRAN TUBAN BERDASARKAN NILAI WILAYAH KEPESISIRAN

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 115
Author(s):  
Dini Atikawati ◽  
Totok Gunawan ◽  
Sunarto Sunarto
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Environmental Ethics ◽  
Coastal Area ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Coastal Communities ◽  
Environmental Services ◽  
Environmental Damage ◽  
Damage Prevention

Tuban coastal area is very rich in natural resources and environmental services. Along the coastal area there are many infrastructures and activity centers. Various forms of existing activities and uses have negative impact, so Tuban coastal area is vulnerable to environmental damage. Prevention efforts that can be done are through the study of environmental ethics. This research aims to study the value of Tuban coastal area, assess the environmental ethics of community in Tuban coastal area, and formulate the coastal environmental ethics of Tuban based on coastal area values. The data were collected from observation, field portraits, and interviews. Then the data were analysed by scoring and descriptive. The results showed that the highest coastal area values in Karangagung, Panyuran, Sukolilo and Kutorejo is economic value. The highest environmental ethics values is in Kutorejo, while the lowest is in Karangagung. Coastal environmental ethics of Tuban are formulated based on eleven coastal area values ??that contain of behaviors that should be carried out by coastal communities so that the sustainability of Tuban coastal area can be maintained. Keywords: environmental ethics; coastal area values; management, attitudes; coastal area

scholarly journals DEVELOPMENT OF GEOGRAPHY TEXT BOOK MODEL BOOK WORLD GEOGRAPHY

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Furqan Ishak Aksa
Keyword(s):  
Research And Development ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Teaching Materials ◽  
Education Standards ◽  
Text Book ◽  
National Education ◽  
World Geography ◽  
Book World ◽  
National Education Standards

The Development of Geography Textbooks Model Of World Geography. Research and development aims to produce geography text book material natural resources for class XI SMA designed with the model book World Geography. The procedure of research and development conducted by Dick and Carey model of which is done through 8 stages. Results of field trials showed admissions to book products reached 80.42% (efficient). Referring to the category of product feasibility textbooks developed by the National Education Standards Agency (2006), the scores can be categorized efficiently. Therefore, the product textbooks deserve to be used as teaching materials. Keywords: The Development, Geography textbooks, World Geography Model

scholarly journals DISTORY: PENGEMBANGAN KAMUS DIGITAL SEJARAH BERBASIS VISUAL BASIC PADA MATERI KERAJAAN TARUMANEGARA

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 73
Author(s):  
Muhammad Rofiul Alim
Keyword(s):  
Large Class ◽  
Mass Production ◽  
Visual Basic ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Learning Objectives ◽  
Learning System ◽  
Small Class ◽  
Research Model ◽  
Digital History ◽  
Technology Learning

The transformation of learning in the 21st century requires an adjustment between the development of science and technology. Learning sources are part of the learning system that is transformed from conventional learning sources into digital-based learning sources. Digital-based learning sources are considered more practical than conventional learning sources. Digital-based learning sources can be applied to history, which many students get bored easily when studying. Therefore, the aim of this study is to develop a digital-based learning source for history that makes it easier for students to study it. Digital History Dictionary (Distory) is an application of a digital-based learning source that has been developed based on learning requirement analysis. Distory also can make it easier for students to find and learn history. The main purpose of the development of Distory is an innovation of digital-based historical learning sources that is economical, practical, flexible, and appropriate with learning objectives. The research methodology used in the research and development of Distory, was based on Sugiyono’s research model, namely: (1) potential and problems; (2) data collection; (3) product design; (4) design validation; (5) design revision; (6) small class trials; (7) product revision; (8) large class trials; (9) product revision; and (10) mass production. Distory is validated by experts as a basis for product improvement before field trials are carried out. Small and large class trials were carried out on the students of Madrasah Aliyah Negeri (MAN) Batu. The results of the validation of media experts, small class trials, and large class trials were 85 percent, 88.75 percent, and 89 percent, respectively. Based on these results, the development of Distory can be categorized as very decent and ready to be implemented.

scholarly journals Pengembangan Bahan Ajar Matematika Berbasis Kontekstual (CTL) Materi Bilangan Bulat Kelas IV Sekolah Dasar Negeri 3 Rensing Tahun Pelajaran 2014/2015

PALAPA ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-101
Author(s):  
Yuliana Susanti
Keyword(s):  
Research And Development ◽  
Student Learning ◽  
Learning Outcomes ◽  
Student Learning Outcomes ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Teaching Materials ◽  
Material Development ◽  
Student Questionnaire ◽  
Academic Year

The development of research aims to develop products in the form of teaching materials contextually based on a math class IV SDN No 03 Rensing in the academic year 2014/2015. This study is a research and development (Research and Development). The development of research development model Borg and Gall were conducted with five stages, namely the analysis of needs, planning, development of draft products, field trials, product revision. Data collection methods used in the research are the development of student questionnaire responses and test student learning outcomes. The subjects to be tested in this study were all fourth grade students of SDN 3 Rensing who was 22 people. Products developed in the form of books students with contextual approach, assessment in terms of materials and appearance. Book value of the validation results of students in terms of material is 3.37, while the display is 3.12 s`egi the category of "valid" and unfit for use by the revision of each validator. The percentage of students who responded positively to the students 'books reached 54.6% and the data obtained from the test results of the students' learning reached 77%. The coefficient of determination (R2) = 0.69. This means that 69% influence the development of teaching materials mathematics contextually based on student learning outcomes. It can be concluded in the study of mathematics teaching material development using a model based contextual Borg and Gall said Valid and Effective to learning the material integers grade IV SDN 3 Rensing in the academic year 2014/2015.  

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