scholarly journals Dual Effects of Leaf Extracts of Eucalyptus Citriodora on Controlling Purslane and Root-Knot Nematode in Sunflower

2011 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kowthar El-Rokiek ◽  
Wafaa El-Nagdi
Keyword(s):  
Eucalyptus Citriodora ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Leaf Extracts

scholarly journals Efficacy of Neem, Tithonia and Tephrosia Leaf Extracts in Management of Root-Knot Nematodes in French Beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 240
Author(s):  
Joshua K. Njenga ◽  
Geofrey K. Gathungu ◽  
Jesca N. Mbaka
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
French Bean ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Smallholder Farming ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Root Knot Nematodes ◽  
French Beans ◽  
Concentration Levels

Root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) are a major problem in French bean production within the smallholder farming systems. Control of root-knot using synthetic nematicides is not viable due to environmental concerns relating to their toxic residues. There is need to develop alternative control options that will promote soil health and reduce parasitic nematode densities. A study was conducted to determine the efficacy of Neem (Azadirachta indica A. Juss), Tithonia (Tithonia diversifolia) and Tephrosia (Tephrosia purpurea) leaf extracts in management of root-knot. Controlled lath house and field trials were conducted where the treatments were extracts from Neem, Tithonia and Tephrosia at different concentration levels of 25 ml/L, 50 ml/L and 100 ml/L). Vydate (Oxamyl 10%) a synthetic nematicide served as a standard positive control while treatments with no extracts application and no nematode application served as negative controls. The treatments in the lath house were arranged in completely randomized design while the field trials were arranged in randomized complete block design. Fench beans were planted on nematode infested soils and data on root galling indices and yield components was collected. Data collected was subjected to analysis of variance and significantly different means separated using Tukey’s Studentized Range Test at P=0.05. The extracts evaluated reduced root galling with their efficacy being similar to that of Vydate® (Oxamyl 10%) which was used as a positive control. Neem extracts treatments had the lowest mean galling index of the extracts, followed by Tithonia. Root-knot nematode galling indices were highest in the untreated control at 10 both in trial I and trial II. Treatment trials from Neem and Tithonia at concentration levels of 100 ml/L resulted in highest yield of French beans while yield from the untreated plants were the lowest. The results indicate extracts can be adopted to suppress root-knot nematodes.

scholarly journals Control of root-knot disease of brinjal (Solanum melongena L.) by the application of leaf extracts of certain medicinal plants 

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naseer Hussain Shah ◽  
Abdul Rashid Dar ◽  
Irfana Amin Qureshi ◽  
Afroza Akhter ◽  
Mohammad Rafiq Wani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Meloidogyne Incognita ◽  
Cannabis Sativa ◽  
Solanum Melongena ◽  
Parasitic Nematodes ◽  
Plant Parasitic Nematodes ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Datura Metel ◽  
Induced Tolerance

Microscopic plant parasitic nematodes are round worms that feed on plants and damage them. The most common and serious amongst the nematodes is the root-knot nematode found throughout the country with a very wide host range of cultivated crops. Brinjal (Solanum melongena) crop yield is considerably reduced by root-knot nematodes particularly Meloidogyne incognita. Root-galls of brinjal caused by Meloidogyne incognita can be controlled effectively by using the bio-agents and botanicals which in turn increases the yield and plant growth. Present study explored the effect of leaf extracts of certain plants on the root-knot development, plant growth and nematode multiplication in pot experiments. Extract treated and nematode inoculated plants showed improvement on growth over untreated inoculated plants and reduced the disease development. Five (viz., margosa, marigold, datura, hemp and tobacco) leaf extracts, irrespective of concentration, apparently induced tolerance in inoculated plants as evidenced by better plant growth in comparison to control and suppressed the multiplication of nematode which resulted in low root-knot index. Margosa (Azadirachta indica) leaf extract suppressed the nematode multiplication, reduced root galling and improved the plant growth of inoculated plants. Margosa and marigold (Tagetes erecta) leaf extracts were found more effective in controlling the root-knot development than the leaf extracts of hemp (Cannabis sativa), datura (Datura metel) and tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum). Higher concentrations (20 ml/plant) of leaf extracts were found to be more effective in controlling the root knot development. Based on our observations, it may be concluded that margosa or marigold extract treatment of brinjal seedlings prior to transplantation can avoid severe damage by suppressing the nematode multiplication and inducing the tolerance in treated inoculated plants.

scholarly journals Screening of anti-nematode potential through inhibition of egg hatching in plant-parasitic nematode Meloidogyne javanica

2020 ◽  
pp. 93-98
Author(s):  
Shilpy Shakya ◽  
Bindhya Chal Yadav
Keyword(s):  
Management Strategies ◽  
Plant Defence ◽  
Meloidogyne Javanica ◽  
Parasitic Nematodes ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Plant Parasitic Nematodes ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Egg Hatching ◽  
Plant Parasitic

Plant-parasitic nematodes have emerged as nature’s most successful among all parasites known till today. These animals have been reported from all terrains of all ecosystems. Their capability to survive on a wide diversity of the host plants, circumvent host plant defence is a few of several of their secrets making them most successful of all known parasites. Among various groups of plant-parasitic nematodes, endo-parasitic nematodes are the most damaging one and also difficult to control. Meloidogyne sps. are commonly known as root-knot nematodes. Our inability to control them is primarily due to our poor understanding of the biology of these plant parasites. Due to the availability of the complete genome sequence of few Meloidogyne species, biotechnological interventions are used to unravel the secrets of their success. Chemical controls of these nematodes are extensively reported in the literature. Due to the environmental toxicity associated with these chemicals, and restrictions on the use of chemicals against nematodes led to screening and development of eco-friendly management strategies. The present study was conducted to screen nematotoxic properties of Neem (Azadirachta indica), Jatropha (Jatropha curcas), Kachnar (Bauhinia variegate), Bel (Aegle marmelos) and Eucalyptus (Eucalyptus globules) leaf extracts against root-knot nematode Meloidogyne javanica in vitro. The aqueous extracts were used against the hatching of the nematode eggs, movement of second stage juveniles (J2) and the viability of the J2 in increasing concentration of the bioactive compound. The eggs were treated with various concentrations of the selected extracts for different time periods ranging from 24h to 6 days. A significant inhibition of egg hatching and increase in the mortality of the nematode juvenile in few of the aqueous extracts were recorded. Reduced egg hatching and increased mortality of the nematode juveniles could be maybe the indicators of the presence of anti-nematode potential in the selected plant leaves. The results from the study can pave the way for the development of eco-friendly management strategies for plant-parasitic nematodes.

Phytochemical Analysis and Evaluation of Antimicrobial Activity of Peumus boldus, Psidium guajava, Vernonia polysphaera, Persea Americana, Eucalyptus citriodora Leaf Extracts and Jatropha multifida Raw Sap

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 433-444 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jhonatas Emílio Ribeiro da Cruz ◽  
Joyce Ferreira da Costa Guerra ◽  
Marcos de Souza Gomes ◽  
Guilherme Ramos Oliveira e Freitas ◽  
Enyara Rezende Morais
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Psidium Guajava ◽  
Persea Americana ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Eucalyptus Citriodora ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Jatropha Multifida

Background: Currently, the treatment of infectious diseases has not always been successful due to the emergence of microbial resistance worldwide. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the antioxidant activity, content of total phenolic compounds and flavonoids, antifungal potential and antibacterial action of six medicinal plants found in the Cerrado, leaf extracts of Boldo (Peumus boldus), Goiaba (Psidium guajava), Assa-Peixe (Vernonia polysphaera), Abacate (Persea americana), Eucalipto (Eucalyptus citriodora) and raw sap of Bálsamo (Jatropha multifida). Methods: The antioxidant activity was also determined through the DPPH, ABTS and phosphomolybdenum assays. In addition, the total phenolic content and flavonoid dosage were analyzed using the Folin- Ciocalteu method and the aluminum chloride test, respectively. Results: All extracts, except from Assa-Peixe, showed promising values against Staphylococcus aureus, with halos varying from 13-20 mm. Analysis of the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of the six medicinal plants revealed inhibitory activity of S. aureus, with concentrations varying from 3.12-12.5 mg/mL, which is a significant result considering that S. aureus is one of the main causes of hospital infections. Conclusion: In the analysis of the phytochemical profile, Goiaba contained the best yield of phenolic compounds and total flavonoids, as well as higher antioxidant activity by DPPH and phosphomolybdenum, demonstrating that this species contains antioxidant components that can sequester free radicals under in vitro conditions. Therefore, the crude extracts investigated are promising and their antibacterial and antioxidant actions should be thoroughly studied.

scholarly journals Inhibitory effect of neem (Azadirachta indica) and moringa (Moringa oleifera) leaf extracts on egg hatch of root knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 028-033
Author(s):  
Yunusa Ladi Bello ◽  
Kabir Muhammad Ayuba ◽  
Joy Bitsu ◽  
Marufat Alake Nafiu ◽  
Jumoke Sarah Odewale
Keyword(s):  
Azadirachta Indica ◽  
Meloidogyne Incognita ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Egg Hatch

scholarly journals EFEKTIVITAS NEMATISIDA DAUN JARAK PAGAR (Jatropha curcas L.) DALAM MENGHAMBAT SERANGAN NEMATODA PURU AKAR (Meloidogyne spp.) PADA TANAMAN TOMAT

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Eky Santo ◽  
Djamilah Djamilah ◽  
Entang Inoriah
Keyword(s):  
Jatropha Curcas ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Jatropha Curcas L ◽  
Meloidogyne Spp ◽  
Wet Weight

[THE EFFECTIVENESS Jatropha curcas (L.) LEAF EXTRACTS IN INHIBIT ROOT-KNOT NEMATODE (Meloidogyne spp.) INJURIES ON TOMATO].  One of the main problems in tomato cultivation is the attack of root purse nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.). Some methods of controlling Meloidogyne spp. which can be done including using plants as vegetable nematicides. This study aims to get the concentration of Jatropha leaf extract which is effective in inhibiting the Meloidogyne spp attack on tomato plants. This study used 48 plants, 24 plants for observation 35 days after planting and 24 plants for observation until the age of 77 days after planting. This study used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with the treatment of Jatropha leaf extract concentrations (0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%), and repeated four times. The results showed Jatropha curcas extract in inhibiting the attack of root purse nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) can maintain plant height, fruit number, fruit weight, and plant stover wet weight 35 days after planting, but no significant effect on stover wet weight plants 77 days after planting and dry weight of plant stover 35 days after planting and 77 days after planting. The concentration of Jatropha leaf extract tends to increase the concentration, the smaller the rate of infection and the population of Meloidogyne spp on tomato plants. The concentration of Jatropha leaf extract 35% - 45% is the optimum concentration in inhibiting Meloidogyne spp. on tomato plants.

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