scholarly journals Management of Leucinodes Orbonalis Guenee on Eggplants During the Rainy Season in India

2011 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 325-328 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sudarshan Chakraborti ◽  
Pijush Sarkar
Keyword(s):  
Natural Enemies ◽  
Active Ingredient ◽  
Rainy Season ◽  
Seed Kernel ◽  
Neem Seed ◽  
Emamectin Benzoate ◽  
Leucinodes Orbonalis ◽  
Untreated Check ◽  
New Generation ◽  
The Impact

Management of Leucinodes Orbonalis Guenee on Eggplants During the Rainy Season in India Leucinodes orbonalis Guenee (Pyraustidae: Lepidoptera) is a fruit and shoot borer which is the key pest of eggplant (also known as brinjal and aubergine). L. orbonalis causes broad-based problems in eggplant cultivation. An effort was made to control the borer during the Indian rainy season, as this is the time when the problem is at its worst. The impact of treatments on natural enemies as well as pollinators was also assessed. Integration of phytosanitation, mechanical control and prophylactic application of neem seed kernel extract (NSKE) exerted a satisfactory impact on the incidence and damage of L. orbonalis. After two need-based applications of new generation pesticide molecules like flubendiamide or rynaxypyr or emamectin benzoate, fairly good, healthy yields were produced. A ready-mix formulation (triazophos 40% + cypermethrin 4%), and carbofuran also offered good protection against the borer but both were found highly toxic and unsafe for predators i.e. predatory coccinellids and spiders and pollinating bees. Flubendiamide and rynaxypyr appeared comparatively more unsafe for bees than emamectin benzoate, while both allowed a substantial proportion of coccinellids and spiders to survive. Naturolyte, with the active ingredient emamectin benzoate, was found safe for predators and bees and on par with the untreated check.

scholarly journals Comparative Potential of Different Botanicals and Synthetic Insecticides and Their Economics Against Leucinodes Orbonalis in Eggplant

2012 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-39
Author(s):  
Sharma Kumar ◽  
Haseeb Masarrat ◽  
Qamar Muntaha
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiment ◽  
Integrated Pest Management ◽  
Pest Management ◽  
Active Substance ◽  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Seed Kernel ◽  
Neem Seed ◽  
Marketable Yield ◽  
Leucinodes Orbonalis ◽  
Cultural Methods

Comparative Potential of Different Botanicals and Synthetic Insecticides and Their Economics Against Leucinodes Orbonalis in Eggplant The field experiment was conducted to evaluate the potential of two botanicals viz; ozoneem and neem seed kernel extract (NSKE) and three chemical insecticides viz; imidacloprid, alphamathrin, chlorpyriphos 50% EC + cypermethrin 5% EC against Leucinodes orbonalis, during the years from 2008 to 2009. Botanicals were tested alone and in combination with cultural practices. On the basis of the pooled means, the results revealed that three sprays of chlorpyriphos + cypermethrin @ 0.01% active substance (a.s.) in 15 days intervals was found to be the most economical, resulting in minimum shoot (2.15%) and fruit (12.95%) infestation respectively, followed by alphamathrin @ 0.01% a.s. with a highest marketable yield of 87.77 q/ha. Maximum marketable yield was received from the treatment with alphamathrin, but due to high costs involved in the use of this chemical, it took second place. Three sprays of NSKE @ 5 ml/lt. recorded a maximum of shoot (3.91%) and fruit (24.49%) infestation, respectively. However, shoot and fruit infestation was brought down and marketable yield increased to some extent, when these treatments were combined with cultural methods. It is therefore, suggested that the combination of chlorpyriphos 50% EC + cypermethrin 5% EC, being the most effective and economically viable insecticide, can be utilized as a valuable chemical component in Integrated Pest Management to manage the L. orbonalis in eggplant crop.

scholarly journals COMPARATIVE EFFICACY OF SOME NEWER INSECTICIDES AGAINST RICE LEAF FOLDER (CNAPHALOCROSIS MEDINALIS GUEN.) AND THEIR EFFECTS ON NATURAL ENEMIES IN RICE ECOSYSTEM

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 77-81
Author(s):  
Sanjida Shaki ◽  
Md. Niaz Morshed ◽  
Naznin Sultana ◽  
Gopal Das
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Natural Enemies ◽  
Untreated Control ◽  
Rank Order ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Emamectin Benzoate ◽  
Rice Leaf ◽  
Rice Leaf Folder ◽  
Rice Ecosystem ◽  
New Generation

In the present study, some new generation insecticides were evaluated against rice leaf folder (RFL) infestation and their toxic effects were also observed on some natural enemies in the rice ecosystem. Data were collected on percent hill infestation, percent leaf infestation, number of moths/sweep, grain yield (t/ha) and abundances of natural enemies/m2. Results clearly showed that Serput (Bifenthrin) 2.5EC @ 2.0 ml/L water resulted in the greatest reduction of RFL and increased the grain yield compared to the untreated control which was followed by Envoy (Fipronil) 50SC @ 1.0 ml/L, Libsen (Spinosad) 45SC @ 0.40 ml/L, Acemida (Acephate + Imidacloprid) 51.8WDG @ 1.0 g/L, Suspend (Emamectin benzoate) 5SG @ 1.0 g/L, Combi-DT (Deltamethrin + Triazophos) 36EC @ 0.50 ml/L and Altima plus (Thiamethoxam + Emamectin benzoate) 40WG @ 0.20 g/L respectively. To know the toxic effect of selected insecticides, abundances (number/m2) of some natural enemies were counted at 7 days after given each spray. It was found that the highest numbers of natural enemies (m2) were recorded in the untreated control plot. In all field trials, the harmful effects of the seven insecticides were in the following rank order (least harmful to most harmful): Suspend 5SG, Serput 2.5EC, Envoy 50SC, Libsen 45SC, Acemida 51.8WDG, Altima plus 40WG and Combi-DT 36EC. Based on the reduction in rice leaf folder infestation, increase in grain yield and compatibility with natural enemies, Serput 2.5EC @ 2.0 ml/L proved to be the best among all the selected insecticides.

scholarly journals The relationship between the diamondback moth, climatic factors, cabbage crops and natural enemies in a tropical area

2013 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gallo Sow ◽  
Karamoko Diarra ◽  
Laurence Arvanitakis ◽  
Dominique Bordat
Keyword(s):  
Natural Enemies ◽  
Plutella Xylostella ◽  
Rainy Season ◽  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Diamondback Moth ◽  
Crop Protection ◽  
Strong Relationship ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Abiotic And Biotic Factors ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACT The impact of abiotic and biotic factors (rainfall, temperature, host plant and natural enemies) on population dynamics of the Plutella xylostella L. diamondback moth was investigated. The experiments were conducted during the rainy and dry seasons for two years (June 2009-April 2011) on unsprayed cabbage plots in Malika (Senegal). Every 10 days, 10 cabbages were randomly selected. Plutella xylostella larvae, pupae and parasitoid cocoons were recorded on each plant. Before each sampling, the diameters and ages of plants were recorded. Temperature and rainfall were also recorded during this study. Larvae and pupae of P. xylstella were higher for the dry season than the rainy season. There was a negative correlation between temperature and P. xylostella populations, and a strong relationship between P. xylostella populations and the age of cabbages. Females oviposited on young cabbages where the presence of young larvae was important, whereas older immature stages were mainly found in older cabbage plants. Parasitoid populations were higher for the dry season than the rainy season. High temperatures did not increase the pest populations and parasitism rate. There was no effect found on pest, plants and natural enemies due to rainfall. There was a positive correlation between pest populations and parasitism. Four Hymenoptera species were found: Oomyzus sokolowskii, Apanteles litae, Cotesia plutellae and Brachymeria citrae, but they were not efficient to control the P. xylostella populations. These results are important for understanding the factors that promote or inhibit pest populations and their natural enemies, and therefore essential for effective crop protection.

Overcoming stereotypes of renewable energy

2019 ◽  
pp. 124-136
Author(s):  
Victor D. Gazman
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Empirical Analysis ◽  
Energy Generation ◽  
New Paradigm ◽  
Financial Instrument ◽  
Promising Direction ◽  
Investment Projects ◽  
Power Stations ◽  
New Generation ◽  
The Impact

The article considers prerequisites for the formation of a new paradigm in the energy sector. The factors that may affect the imminent change of leadership among the energy generation are analyzed. The variability of the projects of creation and functioning of power stations is examined. The focus is made on problematic aspects of the new generation, especially, storage and supply of energy, achieving a system of parity that ensures balance in pricing generations. The author substantiates the principles of forming system of parities arising when comparing traditional and new generations. The article presents the results of an empirical analysis of the 215 projects for the construction of facilities for renewable energy. The significance and direction of the impact of these factors on the growth in investment volumes of transactions are determined. The author considers leasing as an effective financial instrument for overcoming stereotypes of renewable energy and as a promising direction for accelerated implementation of investment projects.

scholarly journals The Impact of Initial Conditions in N-Body Simulations of Debris Discs

2015 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Thilliez ◽  
S. T. Maddison
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulations ◽  
Initial Conditions ◽  
Parent Body ◽  
Dust Trapping ◽  
Physical Context ◽  
Disc Width ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Belt Width ◽  
New Generation ◽  
The Impact

AbstractNumerical simulations are a crucial tool to understand the relationship between debris discs and planetary companions. As debris disc observations are now reaching unprecedented levels of precision over a wide range of wavelengths, an appropriate level of accuracy and consistency is required in numerical simulations to confidently interpret this new generation of observations. However, simulations throughout the literature have been conducted with various initial conditions often with little or no justification. In this paper, we aim to study the dependence on the initial conditions of N-body simulations modelling the interaction between a massive and eccentric planet on an exterior debris disc. To achieve this, we first classify three broad approaches used in the literature and provide some physical context for when each category should be used. We then run a series of N-body simulations, that include radiation forces acting on small grains, with varying initial conditions across the three categories. We test the influence of the initial parent body belt width, eccentricity, and alignment with the planet on the resulting debris disc structure and compare the final peak emission location, disc width and offset of synthetic disc images produced with a radiative transfer code. We also track the evolution of the forced eccentricity of the dust grains induced by the planet, as well as resonance dust trapping. We find that an initially broad parent body belt always results in a broader debris disc than an initially narrow parent body belt. While simulations with a parent body belt with low initial eccentricity (e ~ 0) and high initial eccentricity (0 < e < 0.3) resulted in similar broad discs, we find that purely secular forced initial conditions, where the initial disc eccentricity is set to the forced value and the disc is aligned with the planet, always result in a narrower disc. We conclude that broad debris discs can be modelled by using either a dynamically cold or dynamically warm parent belt, while in contrast eccentric narrow debris rings are reproduced using a secularly forced parent body belt.

scholarly journals Measuring Key Quality Indicators in Cloud Gaming: Framework and Assessment Over Wireless Networks

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 1387
Author(s):  
Oswaldo Sebastian Peñaherrera-Pulla ◽  
Carlos Baena ◽  
Sergio Fortes ◽  
Eduardo Baena ◽  
Raquel Barco
Keyword(s):  
Communication Networks ◽  
Mobile Networks ◽  
Video Game ◽  
Know How ◽  
Fifth Generation ◽  
New Generation ◽  
Graphics Rendering ◽  
The Impact

Cloud Gaming is a cutting-edge paradigm in the video game provision where the graphics rendering and logic are computed in the cloud. This allows a user’s thin client systems with much more limited capabilities to offer a comparable experience with traditional local and online gaming but using reduced hardware requirements. In contrast, this approach stresses the communication networks between the client and the cloud. In this context, it is necessary to know how to configure the network in order to provide service with the best quality. To that end, the present work defines a novel framework for Cloud Gaming performance evaluation. This system is implemented in a real testbed and evaluates the Cloud Gaming approach for different transport networks (Ethernet, WiFi, and LTE (Long Term Evolution)) and scenarios, automating the acquisition of the gaming metrics. From this, the impact on the overall gaming experience is analyzed identifying the main parameters involved in its performance. Hence, the future lines for Cloud Gaming QoE-based (Quality of Experience) optimization are established, this way being of configuration, a trendy paradigm in the new-generation networks, such as 4G and 5G (Fourth and Fifth Generation of Mobile Networks).

“The New Generation”: Mental Hygiene and the Portrayals of Children by the National Film Board of Canada, 1946–1967

2003 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 540-570 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian J. Low
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
Mental Hygiene ◽  
Social Attitudes ◽  
Child Rearing ◽  
Mass Psychology ◽  
National Film Board ◽  
The Mind ◽  
Schooling Practices ◽  
New Generation ◽  
The Impact

That is the achievement of the psychologists. In our own society they are very kind, and do everything for our own good. The tales of what they do elsewhere are rather terrifying.—Hilda NeatbySo Little for the Mind (1953)Documenting the impact of the mental hygiene movement has been problematical for historians. The hygienists operated in the realm of mass psychology and social relations, within the “mentalities” of children—particularly of the postwar generation—who have left little observable evidence of changing social attitudes and relationships resulting from changes to mass child-rearing and schooling practices. The influence of the movement upon parenting literature and curricular documents may be readily observed in postwar baby books, magazines, newspapers, radio scripts, and films, as well as in the changing language of educational theorists and practitioners. But as to seeing the actual effects of this material upon any society, documentary evidence has remained elusive.

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