scholarly journals New geochemical data on fossil wood from the Albian of the Dolomites (Southern Alps, Italy)

2012 ◽  
Vol 63 (5) ◽  
pp. 399-405 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Lukeneder ◽  
Achim Bechtel ◽  
Reinhard Gratzer
Keyword(s):  
Lower Cretaceous ◽  
Hydrocarbon Composition ◽  
Southern Alps ◽  
Geochemical Data ◽  
Tectonic History ◽  
The Family ◽  
History Of ◽  
Drift Wood ◽  
Wood Fragment

Abstract Information is provided about organic-matter bearing sediments and fossil drift-wood from the Puez area (Col de Puez, Southern Alps) near Wolkenstein (S. Tyrol, Italy). The locality is located on the Trento Plateau which represents a submarine high during the Lower Cretaceous. Its terpenoid hydrocarbon composition indicates that the wood fragment derived from a conifer belonging to the family Podocarpaceae or Araucariaceae. Intense degradation of OM argues for lengthier drifting. Long-term drifting is also indicated by the infestation of the bivalve Teredo (“shipworm”). The finding of a fossil tree trunk sheds some light on the early Lower Cretaceous tectonic history of the Trento Plateau and the Dolomites.

scholarly journals IODP Expedition 318: From Greenhouse to Icehouse at the Wilkes Land Antarctic Margin

2011 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 15-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Escutia ◽  
H. Brinkhuis ◽  
A. Klaus ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Middle Eocene ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Last Deglaciation ◽  
Ocean Drilling Program ◽  
Ocean Drilling ◽  
Integrated Ocean Drilling Program ◽  
Tectonic History ◽  
Wilkes Land ◽  
History Of

Integrated Ocean Drilling Program (IODP) Expedition 318, Wilkes Land Glacial History, drilled a transect of sites across the Wilkes Land margin of Antarctica to provide a long-term record of the sedimentary archives of Cenozoic Antarctic glaciation and its intimate relationships with global climatic and oceanographic change. The Wilkes Land drilling program was undertaken to constrain the age, nature, and paleoenvironment of the previously only seismically inferred glacial sequences. The expedition (January–March 2010) recovered ~2000 meters of high-quality middle Eocene–Holocene sediments from water depths between 400 m and 4000 m at four sites on the Wilkes Land rise (U1355, U1356, U1359, and U1361) and three sites on the Wilkes Land shelf (U1357, U1358, and U1360). <br><br> These records span ~53 million years of Antarctic history, and the various seismic units (WL-S4–WL-S9) have been successfully dated. The cores reveal the history of the Wilkes Land Antarctic margin from an ice-free “greenhouse” Antarctica, to the first cooling, to the onset and erosional consequences of the first glaciation and the subsequent dynamics of the waxing and waning ice sheets, all the way to thick, unprecedented "tree ring style" records with seasonal resolution of the last deglaciation that began ~10,000 y ago. The cores also reveal details of the tectonic history of the Australo-Antarctic Gulf from 53 Ma, portraying the onset of the second phase of rifting between Australia and Antarctica, to ever-subsiding margins and deepening, to the present continental and ever-widening ocean/continent configuration. <br><br> doi:<a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.2204/iodp.sd.12.02.2011" target="_blank">10.2204/iodp.sd.12.02.2011</a>

The Tectonic Development of the Western Weald in Lower Cretaceous Times

1933 ◽  
Vol 70 (6) ◽  
pp. 254-268 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. F. Kirkaldy
Keyword(s):  
Lower Cretaceous ◽  
Tectonic Activity ◽  
Structural Units ◽  
Tectonic History ◽  
History Of ◽  
Tectonic Development

Modern detailed stratigraphical studies have demonstrated very clearly the long and involved tectonic history of the majority of the main structural units of England. It has been proved that, in certain areas, the thickness and the lithology of the sediments were partly determined by repeated pene-contemporaneous folding along definite axes, and thus it has been possible to trace the gradual growth of some of the main fold lines of the country. The Weald is typical of these areas, whose structure, at first sight simple enough, reveals on closer study much complexity of the minor folding and faulting and also gives evidence of long continued movement along certain lines; movement contemporaneous with the deposition of beds which were involved in the final crescendo of tectonic activity.

scholarly journals Most Compositae (Asteraceae) are descendants of a paleohexaploid and all share a paleotetraploid ancestor with the Calyceraceae

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael S. Barker ◽  
Zheng Li ◽  
Thomas I. Kidder ◽  
Chris R. Reardon ◽  
Zhao Lai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Family ◽  
Linkage Map ◽  
Evolutionary History ◽  
Genome Duplication ◽  
Nuclear Gene ◽  
Flowering Plants ◽  
The Family ◽  
History Of ◽  
Phylogenomic Analyses

AbstractPremise of the studyLike many other flowering plants, members of the Compositae (Asteraceae) have a polyploid ancestry. Previous analyses found evidence for an ancient duplication or possibly triplication in the early evolutionary history of the family. We sought to better place this paleopolyploidy in the phylogeny and assess its nature.MethodsWe sequenced new transcriptomes for Barnadesia, the lineage sister to all other Compositae, and four representatives of closely related families. Using a recently developed algorithm, MAPS, we analyzed nuclear gene family phylogenies for evidence of paleopolyploidy.Key resultsWe found that the previously recognized Compositae paleopolyploidy is also in the ancestry of the Calyceraceae. Our phylogenomic analyses uncovered evidence for a successive second round of genome duplication among all sampled Compositae except Barnadesia.ConclusionsOur analyses of new samples with new tools provide a revised view of paleopolyploidy in the Compositae. Together with results from a high density Lactuca linkage map, our results suggest that the Compositae and Calyceraceae have a common paleotetraploid ancestor and most Compositae are descendants of a paleohexaploid. Although paleohexaploids have been previously identified, this is the first example where the paleotetraploid and paleohexaploid lineages have survived over tens of millions of years. The complex polyploidy in the ancestry of the Compositae and Calyceraceae represents a unique opportunity to study the long-term evolutionary fates and consequences of different ploidal levels.

scholarly journals Boris Valkh and the development of zoology and museology in the East of Ukraine

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Type Locality ◽  
Main Attention ◽  
The Family ◽  
History Of ◽  
The One ◽  
Ancient Maps ◽  
Made In

The details of biography and scientific works of Boris Valkh (1876–1942), one of the leading zoologists who worked in eastern Ukraine in the first half of the 20th century, were analysed. Boris Valkh worked at the interface of zoology, plant protection, and epidemiology and he was a leading specialist in controlling the abundance of economically important groups of rodents and insects (plant protection stations) and an epidemiologist (studying zoonoses). At the same time, he was a nature protector, one of the key organizers of nature reserves in the southeast of Ukraine (Kamiani Mohyly, Bilosaraiska Kosa). The main attention in this review is paid to Valkh's research into zoology (ornithology, entomology, and theriology), and his work upon creation of zoological collections, including the one in the Bakhmut Museum of Local Lore, which was organized with his participation. All of these developments made by the scientist are considered along with details of his biography analysed using family archives and by conversations with Valkh’s descendents, including his grandson Boris Valkh, granddaughter Olympiada Gryshchenko, and great-grandson Sergei Valkh. Significant clarifications and important additions to the biography of Boris Valkh have been made, in particular regarding his education (once in Pavlohrad Gymnasium and twice in Kharkiv University), wife and children, as well as his long-term trips to Turkestan and Azerbaijan. The location of "Hory-Mohyly hamlet", from which most of the zoological samples collected by the Valkhs are derived, is clarified and determined as the same place that was marked on ancient maps as "Horemohylove" The history of the species Mus sergii described by Boris Valkh and its type locality were analysed. The information about the history of accumulation and further fate of his and his son Sergey’s zoological collections including mammal specimens from Hory-Mohyly is summarized. Unique original photographs from the family archives have been used, for most of which the dates and places of taking were determined. Pictures of collections and original zoological labels are also presented.

scholarly journals New Religious Movements before Modernity?

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 13-37
Author(s):  
Andreas Pietsch ◽  
Sita Steckel
Keyword(s):  
Interdisciplinary Research ◽  
Religious Diversity ◽  
Religious Movements ◽  
Religious Communities ◽  
New Religious Movements ◽  
Ongoing Debate ◽  
New Religions ◽  
The Family ◽  
History Of

Can the study of new religious movements be extended historically towards a longue durée history of religious innovation? Several sociological theories suggest that fundamental differences between premodern and modern religious configurations preclude this, pointing to a lack of religious diversity and freedom of religion in premodern centuries. Written from a historical perspective, this article questions this view and suggests historical religious movements within Christianity as possible material for a long-term perspective. Using the Franciscans and the Family of Love as examples, it points out possible themes for productive interdisciplinary research. One suggestion is to study the criticisms surrounding premodern new religious movements, which might be used to analyze the historical differentiation of religion. Another avenue is the study of premodern terminologies and concepts for religious communities, which could provide a historical horizon for the ongoing debate about the typology of new religions.

Rickettsiaceae, Rickettsia-Like Endosymbionts, and the Origin of Mitochondria

2001 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor V. Emelyanov
Keyword(s):  
Eukaryotic Cell ◽  
Small Subunit ◽  
Last Common Ancestor ◽  
Fusion Partner ◽  
Trna Synthetases ◽  
The Family ◽  
Endosymbiotic Event ◽  
History Of ◽  
Mitochondrial Origin

Accumulating evolutionary data point to a monophyletic origin of mitochondria from the order Rickettsiales. This large group of obligate intracellular α-Proteobacteria includes the family Rickettsiaceae and several rickettsia-like endosymbionts (RLEs). Detailed phylogenetic analysis of small subunit (SSU) rRNA and chaperonin 60 (Cpn60) sequences testify to polyphyly of the Rickettsiales, and consistently indicate a sisterhood of Rickettsiaceae and mitochondria that excludes RLEs. Thus RLEs are considered as the nearest extant relatives of an extinct last common ancestor of mitochondria and rickettsiae. Phylogenetic inferences prompt the following assumptions. (1) Mitochondrial origin has been predisposed by the long-term endosymbiotic relationship between rickettsia-like bacteria and proto-eukaryotes, in which many endosymbiont genes have been lost while some indispensable genes have been transferred to the host genome. (2) The obligate dependence of rickettsiae upon a eukaryotic host rests on the import of proteins encoded by these transferred genes.The nature of a proto-eukaryotic cell still remains elusive. The divergence of Rickettsiaceae and mitochondria based on Cpn60, and the evolutionary history of two aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases favor the hypothesis that it was a chimera created by fusion of an archaebacterium and a eubacterium not long before an endosymbiotic event. These and other, mostly biochemical data suggest that all the mitochondrion-related organelles, i.e., both aerobically and anaerobically respiring mitochondria and hydrogenosomes, have originated from the same RLE, while hydrogenosomal energy metabolism may have a separate origin resulting from a eubacterial fusion partner.

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