Mazurskie Mickiewicziana Gustawa Gizewiusza I Inne / Gustaw Gisevius’s Masurian Mickiewicziana

2012 ◽  
Vol 53 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 547-568
Author(s):  
Zbigniew Chojnowski
Keyword(s):  
Characteristic Feature ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Interwar Period ◽  
Cultural Institutions ◽  
The South ◽  
Late 19Th Century ◽  
Polish Language ◽  
East Prussia

Summary This article examines the reception of Adam Mickiewicz’s texts in the writings of the Mazury region, focusing on the key figure of Gustav Gisevius (1810-1848), a champion of the revival of the Polish language among the Masurian Lutherans in the south of East Prussia. The inclusion of Masurian Mickiewicziana in the curriculum of Lutheran pastors in Königsberg and in late-19th century printed material aimed at the Masurians was not subservient to the idea of highlighting ethnic ties between the Prussian Masurians and the Poles. The use of Mickiewicz’s texts for that purpose was, however, a characteristic feature of the publications sponsored by the Polish political and cultural institutions in East Prussia in the interwar period.

scholarly journals U początków polskiej ortoleksykografii. Słownik ortograficzny Antoniego Jerzykowskiego

2020 ◽  
pp. 357-372
Author(s):  
Piotr Żmigrodzki ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Characteristic Feature ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Late 19Th Century ◽  
Polish Language

This article is dedicated to characteristics of the contents, micro- and macro-structure of the first, independent spelling dictionary of the Polish language, prepared by Antoni Jerzykowski and published in Poznań in 1885. Apart from meta-lexicographic matters, also the views of the dictionary’s author were presented on selected points of dispute in the Polish spelling of the late 19th century and the methods of their realisation in dictionary entries. The analysis demonstrated that in terms of structure and informative contents, the dictionary does not differ significantly from numerous spelling dictionaries published in the 20th century and at the beginning of the 21st century, the characteristic feature of which was enriching pure spelling information with the content from other areas of grammar and language correctness.

Historia leksemu "badylarz" (na marginesie prac nad "Wielkim słownikiem języka polskiego PAN")

Język Polski ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 100 (3) ◽  
pp. 100-112
Author(s):  
Jakub Bobrowski
Keyword(s):  
Popular Culture ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Interwar Period ◽  
Digital Libraries ◽  
Cultural Memory ◽  
Left Wing ◽  
Lexical Unit ◽  
Use Of Data ◽  
Polish Language ◽  
The 19Th Century

The article explores the semantic and pragmatic evolution of the lexical unit "badylarz" (‘vegetable gardener’). The author challenges the generally accepted opinions about its history, making use of data from dictionaries, digital libraries and corpora of the Polish language. It is commonly believed that the word came into existence during the PRL era and belonged to the typical elements of the discourse of communist propaganda. An analysis of the collected data showed that the word "badylarz" existed as far back as the second half of the 19th century. Originally, it was a neutral lexeme, but in the interwar period it became one of the offensive names of class enemies, often used in left-wing newspapers. After the war, negative connotations of the word were disseminated through literature and popular culture. Nowadays, "badylarz" functions as the lexical exponent of cultural memory of communist times.

scholarly journals Schoenoplectus × flevensis (S. lacustris × S. tabernaemontani, Cyperaceae) in Britain

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Lansdown ◽  
Fred Rumsey
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Molecular Tools ◽  
The South ◽  
Late 19Th Century ◽  
Schoenoplectus Lacustris

Intermediates between Schoenoplectus lacustris and S. tabernaemontani have been recognised at least since the late 19th century and for much of that time, there has been speculation that such intermediates may involve hybridisation. In 2017 the hybrid status of a population growing in the South-Forty-foot Drain in Lincolnshire was confirmed using molecular tools. This article presents information on the hybrid, both from the Lincolnshire population and from the literature, as well as providing an indication of how hybrid populations might be recognised. The binomial Schoenoplectus × flevensis (D.Bakker) Lansdown & Rumsey is proposed for the hybrid.

Localizing the Global

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
David M. Gordon
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Political Power ◽  
Economic Change ◽  
Central Africa ◽  
The South ◽  
Late 19Th Century ◽  
Colonial Era ◽  
Trade Routes ◽  
South Central ◽  
Political Economic

By the late 19th century, a caravan trade extended from the Indian and Atlantic littorals through the hinterlands of south central Africa. Industrial commodities—guns, cloths, iron, and beads—were exchanged for ivory, slaves, beeswax, and rubber. Along the trade routes and in trading centers, words spread to describe new commodities, new peoples, new trading customs, and new forms of political power. These Wanderwörter originated in the languages of the coastal traders, in particular in Portuguese and Kiswahili. When the diverse vernaculars of the south central African interior were transcribed by colonial-era missionaries into “tribal” languages, such wandering words were incorporated into these languages, often disguised by distinctive orthographies. Other words were left out of dictionaries and political vocabularies, replaced by supposedly more authentic and archaic words. Examining these wandering words provides a window into linguistic dynamism and political-economic change prior to European conquest.

Transcending Postcolonial Frontiers: Re-envisaging the Grand Trunk Road

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 305-326
Author(s):  
Priya Singh ◽  
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
South Asian ◽  
16Th Century ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
The South ◽  
Late 19Th Century ◽  
The Road ◽  
Trunk Road ◽  
History Of ◽  
Symbolic Value

The essay calls for a re-imagining and reshaping of colonial constructs. It concisely encapsulates the history of the Grand Trunk Road (GT Road), from the 16th century when it was referred to as ‘Sadak-e-Azam’ to the late 19th century, when the road was completed under the administration of Lord William Bentinck and was renamed as ‘The Grand Trunk Road’ to contemporary times when it connects multiple cities with National Highways as part of the Golden Quadrilateral project and remains a ‘continuum’ that covers a distance of over 2,500 kilometres. While highlighting its importance in terms of its criticality as a geopolitical/strategic connect, the essay concludes on the note that there is much more to the GT Road than being a mere logistical, infrastructural tool. It serves as a political and cultural connect as well as embodies a way of life and these historic and organic connections require reinforcement. The essay underlines the symbolic value of the GT Road, while it comprises the mainstay of commerce in the subcontinent but, at the same time is significant in terms of rearranging social and political hierarchies, in other words, it constitutes an intrinsic part of the broader narrative of the south Asian space.

A Century of Research in Franco-Provençal and Poitevin

1985 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 389-407
Author(s):  
Kathryn Klingebiel
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Historical Survey ◽  
The South ◽  
Late 19Th Century ◽  
The North ◽  
Historical Grammar ◽  
Theoretical Developments ◽  
Dialect Geography

Summary Within the Gallo-Romance domain, Franco-Provençal and its western correlate Poitevin have been variously labeled ‘independent languages’, ‘dialects of French’, or ‘dialects of oc’. At least one attempt has been made to link these two lateral entities against both the north and the south. A historical survey of these conflicting claims encompasses non-partisan methodologies such as dialect geography and linguistic atlases as well as theoretical developments affecting Romance studies during the last one hundred years. Late 19th century research had not yet resolved antinomies between speech and script or between dialect study and historical grammar. Recent research into time and direction of Romanization, significantly clarifying the bi-(or tri-)partitioning of Gaul, has complemented increasingly sophisticated work in all these fields. Yet frequent overemphasis on segmentation, coupled with a failure to distinguish shared linguistic fate from ‘language’ in its general Romance acception, cannot be allowed to obscure the fact that both FP and Poitevin belong to Gallo-Romance; the successful investigation of either must continue to mesh grammar, lexis, scripta, and geohistory.

scholarly journals Polskie międzywojenne poradnictwo w zakresie wnętrz mieszkalnych jako obszar relacji niemiecko‑polskich

Porta Aurea ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 347-360
Author(s):  
Piotr Korduba
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Interior Design ◽  
Interwar Period ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
The Other ◽  
Late 19Th Century ◽  
German Occupation ◽  
Residential Culture ◽  
The One

During the interwar period, Polish interior design consulting stimulated our national achievements; however, it did not happen in isolation from foreign trends. One of the most distinct influences were the accomplishments of German residential culture. The previous German influence had been coloured by negative associations: with the period under German occupation on the one hand, and with the outdated apartment functions and aesthetics based on the residential culture of the late 19th century and its neo-style furnishings on the other. Yet as early as in the late 1920s, a completely different German horizon began to appear, gaining popularity in the 1930s. Ever since then German interior design and furnishing achievements became synonymous with rationality, functionality, and even, broadly speaking, general modernity. It is therefore difficult to present an unambiguous diagnosis of the German-Polish relationship relating to habitation during the interwar period. On the one hand it was difficult to escape the tensions generated by political and national prejudices, and on the other, to evade the neighbouring German cultural achievements and their real and positive impact on many Polish accomplishments, especially in the realms of architecture and habitation. One may say that the emotional antagonism which could be seen during the 1920s faded with time and was displaced, at least among experts, by an awareness of the nearby existence of successful models which, thanks to specialist literature and books, along with visiting fairs and exhibitions, were well known and appreciated.

scholarly journals Rudragaṇikās: Courtesans in Śiva’s Temple? Some Hitherto Neglected Sanskrit Sources

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-143
Author(s):  
Dominic Goodall
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
The South ◽  
Late 19Th Century ◽  
Modern Times ◽  
South Indian ◽  
Legal Case ◽  
The Status

Much ink has been spilt on the status and rôles of the Devadāsī in pre- modern times, but some Sanskrit works that contain potentially useful nuggets of information have until now, for various reasons, been neglected. To cite one instance, some scholars have drawn passages about dancers from an edition of what purports to be a Śaiva scripture called the Kāmikāgama. In 1990 however, Hélène Brunner denounced that ‘scripture’, as a late-19th-century forgery concocted for the purpose of winning a legal case, and thereby called into question the value of the text as evidence for much of what it had to say about, for instance, the initiation of dancers in pre-modern times. Meanwhile, hiding, so to speak, in plain view, passages from a rather older Kāmikāgama, one that has been published by the South Indian Archaka Association and that appears to survive in many South Indian manuscripts, actually also contain information about the status of Rudragaṇikās in medieval times. But these seem not to have been examined to date by historians of dance and dancers. The purpose of this paper is to draw into the debate some hitherto unnoticed passages of relevance that are to be found in pre-modern Sanskrit texts.

scholarly journals Climate Characteristics in the South-eastern Kanto Region of Japan Derived from Mid to Late 19th Century Meteorological Records

2018 ◽  
Vol 127 (4) ◽  
pp. 447-455 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masumi ZAIKI ◽  
Takehiko MIKAMI ◽  
Junpei HIRANO ◽  
Michael GROSSMAN ◽  
Hisayuki KUBOTA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
The South ◽  
Late 19Th Century ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Kanto Region

scholarly journals Introductory survey of the South Estonian language islands

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 7-31
Author(s):  
Uldis Balodis ◽  
Karl Pajusalu
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Main Body ◽  
The South ◽  
Late 19Th Century ◽  
Self Identity ◽  
The Third ◽  
Research History ◽  
Current State ◽  
Island Communities ◽  
Estonian Language

The South Estonian language islands – Leivu, Lutsi, Kraasna – are three historically South Estonian-speaking exclaves located not only beyond the borders of Estonia, but also geographically separated from the main body of South Estonian speakers for at least several centuries. Two of these communities – Leivu and Lutsi – were located in present-day Latvia. The third community – Kraasna – was located near the northernmost Lutsi communities – only about 35 kilometres distant across the present-day Latvian border in Russia. This article acts as an introduction to the studies in this volume by describing the history and current state of the communities at its focus. It gives an overview of the location of the language island communities, their origins, linguistic status, and self-identity as well as provides a survey of their research history dating from its beginnings in the late 19th century to the present. Kokkuvõte. Uldis Balodis, Karl Pajusalu: Sissejuhatav ülevaade lõunaeesti keelesaartest. Lõunaeesti keelesaared – Leivu, Lutsi, Kraasna – on kolm ajaloolist lõunaeestikeelset enklaavi, mis ei jää üksnes väljapoole Eesti piire, vaid mis on olnud Lõuna-Eesti põhialast eraldatud vähemalt mitu sajandit. Kaks nendest keelesaartest – Leivu ja Lutsi – asuvad tänapäeva Lätis. Kolmas keelesaar – Kraasna – paiknes teisel pool Läti piiri Venemaal, jäädes põhjapoolsest Lutsi asualast ainult u 35 kilomeetri kaugusele. Artikkel tutvustab sissejuhatavalt selle erinumbri artiklite teemasid, kirjeldades lõunaeesti keelesaarte ajalugu ja praegust olukorda. Esitatakse ülevaade keelesaarte asendist ja päritolust, keelelisest staatusest, kõnelejate identiteedist ning ka uurimisloost 19. sajandist tänaseni.

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