scholarly journals ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF METHANOL EXTRACT FROM STEM BARK OF Cinnamomum sintoc

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 77
Author(s):  
Nurdin Saidi ◽  
Hira Helwati ◽  
Lailatul Qhadariah Lubis ◽  
Muhammad Bahi
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Agar Dilution Method ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Paper Disk ◽  
Agar Dilution

Antimicrobial activity of methanol extract from stem bark of Cinnamomum sintoc has been evaluated against Candida albicans, Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. The extraction of compound was carried out by maceration, then isolation by column chromatograph, which yielded five (5) subfractions (A-E). Activity against fungus C. albicans, S. aureus bacteria dan E. coli using agar dilution method in paper disk. Methanol extract was not potent against antifungal activity but shows antibacterial activity with medium category. Subfraction C showed that antibacterial activity against S. aureus and E. coli with weak category, but subfractions D and E did not show any activity.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Antimicrobial Activity of Some Components of the Essential Oils of Plants Used in the Traditional Medicine of the Tehuacán-Cuicatlán Valley, Puebla, México

Antibiotics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 295
Author(s):  
Sebastián Candelaria-Dueñas ◽  
Rocío Serrano-Parrales ◽  
Marisol Ávila-Romero ◽  
Samuel Meraz-Martínez ◽  
Julieta Orozco-Martínez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Qualitative Evaluation ◽  
Bactericidal Effect ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Agar Dilution Method ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Diffusion Technique ◽  
Agar Dilution

In Tehuacán-Cuicatlán valley (Mexico), studies have been carried out on the essential oils of medicinal plants with antimicrobial activity and it was found that they present compounds in common such as: α-pinene, β-pinene, carvacrol, eugenol, limonene, myrcene, ocimene, cineole, methyl salicylate, farnesene, and thymol. The goal of this study was to assess the antimicrobial activity of essential oils’ compounds. The qualitative evaluation was carried out by the Kirby Baüer agar diffusion technique in Gram-positive bacteria (11 strains), Gram-negative bacteria (18 strains), and yeasts (8 strains). For the determination of the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC), the agar dilution method was used. All the evaluated compounds presented antimicrobial activity. The compounds eugenol and carvacrol showed the largest inhibition zones. Regarding yeasts, the compounds ocimene, cineole, and farnesene did not show any activity. The compounds eugenol, carvacrol, and thymol presented the lowest MIC; bactericidal effect was observed at MIC level for S. aureus 75MR, E. coli 128 MR, and C albicans CUSI, for different compounds, eugenol, carvacrol, and thymol. Finally, this study shows that the essential oils of plants used by the population of Tehuacán-Cuicatlán valley share compounds and some of them have antibacterial and fungicidal activity.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial activity of honeys from two stingless honeybee species and Apis mellifera (Hymenoptera: Apidae) against pathogenic microorganisms

2014 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 287-290 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolinie Batista Nobre da Cruz ◽  
Fabio Alessandro Pieri ◽  
Gislene Almeida Carvalho-Zilse ◽  
Patrícia Puccinelli Orlandi ◽  
Carlos Gustavo Nunes-Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Apis Mellifera ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Agar Dilution Method ◽  
Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Agar Dilution ◽  
Amazonas State

Honeys are described possessing different properties including antimicrobial. Many studies have presented this activity of honeys produced by Apis mellifera bees, however studies including activities of stingless bees honeys are scarce. The aim of this study was to compare the antimicrobial activity of honeys collected in the Amazonas State from Melipona compressipes, Melipona seminigra and Apis mellifera against Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli, Chromobacterium violaceum, and Candida albicans. Minimum inhibitory concentrations were determined using the agar dilution method with Müller-Hinton agar (for bacteria) or Saboraud agar (for yeast). Staphylococcus aureus and E. faecalis were inhibited by all honeys at concentrations below 12%, while E. coli and C. violaceum were inhibited by stingless bee honeys at concentrations between 10 and 20%. A. mellifera honey inhibited E. coli at a concentration of 7% and Candida violaceum at 0.7%. C. albicans were inhibited only with honey concentrations between 30 and 40%. All examined honey had antimicrobial activity against the tested pathogens, thus serving as potential antimicrobial agents for several therapeutic approaches.

scholarly journals Antibacterial Diterpenes from the Roots of Ceriops tagal

2008 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1934578X0800300 ◽  
Author(s):  
Musa Chacha ◽  
Renameditswe Mapitse ◽  
Anthony J. Afolayan ◽  
Runner R. T. Majinda
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Bacillus Cereus ◽  
Spectroscopic Data ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Agar Dilution Method ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Agar Dilution ◽  
Ceriops Tagal

Investigation of the roots of Ceriops tagal led to the isolation of a new isopimarane, together with the known diterpenes isopimar-8(14)-en-15,16-diol and erythroxyl-4(17),15(16)-dien-3-one. The structure of the new compound was identified as isopimar-8(14)-en-16-hydroxy-15-one. These structures were determined from extensive spectroscopic data analysis. The isolates were screened for antibacterial activity using the agar dilution method against ten test bacterial strains ( Bacillus cereus, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Micrococcus kristinae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella pooni, Serratia marcescens, Staphylococcus aureus, S. epidermidis and Streptococcus pyrogens). Isopimar-8(14)-en-16-hydroxy-15-one exhibited activity, with MIC values of 0.5 mg/mL against Streptococcus pyrogens; 0.25 mg/mL against Salmonella pooni and 0.1 mg/mL against Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus aureus and Micrococcus kristinae.

scholarly journals Aktivitas Antibakteri Sabun Cuci Tangan yang Mengandung Ekstrak Metanol Rumput Laut Eucheuma spinosum (Antibacterial Activity Test of Eucheuma spinosum Methanol Extract Hand Wash)

MEDULA ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nur Illiyyin Akib ◽  
Mariani Triwatami ◽  
Andi Eka Purnama Putri
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Hand Wash ◽  
Ethanol Extracts ◽  
Physical And Chemical

Background: Eucheuma spinosum seaweed contain flavonoid, triterpenoid, alkaloids and polyphenol which has been widely used in antibacterial activity. Purpose(s):The aim of the research are to determine antibacterial activities of metanol extracts of E. spinosum against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 and Escherichia coli ATCC 25922; to formulate hand wash of seaweed of methanol extract E. spinosum that has antibacterial activity and has physical and chemical stability. Methods: Seaweed E.spinosum methanol extract was derived by maceration method. Antibacterial activities of the extract were tested by liquid dilution and solid dilution method. Hand wash was formulated by mechanical dissolved methods. Antibacterial activity of hand wash were tested by liquid dilution and solid dilution method. Physical and chemical stabilities were conducted by cycling test. Results:. These were showed through minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of ethanol extracts of E. spinosum against S. aureus ATCC 25923 at concentrations of 6% and E. coli ATCC 25922 at concentrations of 6%. The minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of ethanol extracts of E. spinosum against S. aureus ATCC 25923 at concentrations of 8% and E. coli ATCC 25922 at concentrations of 8%. Formulation of hand wash seaweed E. spinosum methanol extract at concentrations of 8% and 10%. The test of stabilities results of hand wash changes were organoleptic, viscosity, pH, and foaming ability were accordance to qualified standard. The antibacterial activity of hand wash contains seaweed E. spinosum methanol extract at concentration of  8% and 10% have bactericidal activity againts S. aureus ATCC 25923 and E. coli ATCC 25922. Conclusion: Overall, these results suggested that formula of hand wash contains E. spinosum metanol extracts have antibacterial properties against S. aureus ATCC 25923 and E. coli ATCC 25922.Keywords: antibacterial, Eucheuma spinosum, hand wash, physical and chemical stability Latar Belakang: Rumput laut Eucheuma spinosum mengandung flavonoid, triterpenoid, alkaloid, dan polifenol yang memiliki aktivitas antibakteri. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak metanol E. spinosum terhadap Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 and Escherichia coli ATCC 25922; membuat sediaan sabun cuci tangan dari ekstrak metanol E. spinosum yang memiliki aktivitas antibakteri dan stabil secara fisika dan kimia. Metode: Ekstrak metanol E. spinosum diperoleh dengan metode maserasi. Uji aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak dilakukan dengan metode dilusi cair dan dilusi padat. Sabun cuci tangan diformulasi dengan metode pencampuran mekanik. Uji aktivitas antibakteri sabun cuci tangan dilakukan dengan metode dilusi cair dan dilusi padat. Uji stabilitas fisika kimia dilakukan dengan metodecycling test. Hasil: Konsentrsi Hambat Minimum (KHM) ekstrak metanol E. spinosum terhadap S. aureus ATCC 25923 adalah 6% dan terhadap E. coli ATCC 25922 adalah 8%. Ekstrak metanol E. spinosum dapat diformulasi menjadi sabun cuci tangan dengan konsentrasi 8% dan 10%. Uji stabilitas menunjukkan bahwa perubahan organoleptik, viskositas, pH, dan kemampuan membentuk busa masih berada dalam nilai yang dipersyaratkan. Uji aktivitas antibakteri sabun cuci tangan yang mengandung ekstrak metanol E. spinosum dengan konsentrasi 8% dan 10% memiliki aktivitas antibakteri terhadap ATCC 25923 and E. coli ATCC 25922. Simpulan: Formula sabu cuci tangan yang mengandung ekstrak metanol E. spinosum memiliki aktivitas antibakteri terhadap ATCC 25923 and E. coli ATCC 25922.Kata kunci: antibakteri, Eucheuma spinosum, sabun cuci tangan, stabilitas fisika kimia

scholarly journals Detection of Plasmid-Mediated Colistin Resistant mcr-1 Gene in Escherichia coli Isolated from Infected Chicken Livers in Nepal

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 2060
Author(s):  
Sayara Bista ◽  
Upendra Thapa Shrestha ◽  
Binod Dhungel ◽  
Pragya Koirala ◽  
Tulsi Ram Gompo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Conventional Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Agar Dilution Method ◽  
Human Pathogens ◽  
Colistin Resistance ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Agar Dilution

Background: Plasmid-mediated resistance to the colistin in poultry is considered as an emerging problem worldwide. While poultry constitutes the major industry in Nepal, there is a paucity of evidence on colistin resistance in Escherichia coli isolates causing natural infections in poultry. This study aimed to explore the prevalence of plasmid-mediated colistin resistance gene, mcr-1 in E. coli isolated from liver samples of dead poultry suspected of E. coli infections. Methods: A total of two hundred and seventy liver samples (227 broilers and 43 layers) from dead poultry suspected of colibacillosis were collected from post-mortem in the Central Veterinary Laboratory (CVL), Kathmandu, between 1 February and 31 July 2019. The specimens were processed to isolate and identify E. coli; an antimicrobial susceptibility test (AST) using disk diffusion method was performed with 12 different antibiotics: Amikacin (30 µg), ampicillin (10 µg), ciprofloxacin (5 µg), chloramphenicol (30 µg), cefoxitin (30 µg), ceftazidime (30 µg), ceftriaxone (30 µg), cotrimoxazole (25 µg), gentamicin (10 µg), imipenem (10 µg), levofloxacin (5 µg) and tetracycline (30 µg). Colistin resistance was determined by agar dilution method and colistin-resistant strains were further screened for plasmid-mediated mcr-1 gene, using conventional polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Results: Out of 270 liver samples, 53.3% (144/270) showed growth of E. coli. The highest number (54%; 109/202) of E. coli isolates was obtained in the liver samples from poultry birds (of both types) aged less than forty days. In AST, 95.1% (137/144) and 82.6% (119/144) of E. coli isolates were resistant against tetracycline and ciprofloxacin, respectively, while 13.2% (19/144) and 25.7% (37/144) isolates were resistant to cefoxitin and imipenem, respectively. In the same assay, 76.4% (110/144) E. coli isolates were multi-drug resistant (MDR). The phenotypic prevalence of colistin resistance was 28.5% (41/144). In the PCR assay, 43.9% (18/41) of colistin-resistant isolates were screened positive for plasmid-mediated mcr-1. Conclusion: The high prevalence of mcr-1 in colistin-resistant E. coli isolates in our study is a cause of concern for the probable coming emergence of colistin resistance in human pathogens, due to horizontal transfer of resistant genes from poultry to human isolates.

scholarly journals Anti-HIV, Antitubercular and Antibacterial Activities of Novel 3-(Substituted Quinazolinylamino)-2-phenyl quinazolin-4(3H)ones

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 281-286
Author(s):  
M.T. Sulthana ◽  
K. Chitra ◽  
V. Alagarsamy
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Antitubercular Activity ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Primary Amines ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Agar Dilution Method ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Agar Dilution ◽  
Anti Hiv Agents ◽  
Anti Hiv

In the present study, we have synthesized a series of novel 2-phenyl-3-(substituted quinazolinylamino)quinazolin-4(3H)-ones by the reaction of 3-(substituted)-2-hydrazinoquinazoline-4(3H)-ones with 2-phenyl-3,1-benzoxazin-4-one. The starting material 3-(substituted)-2-hydrazinoquinazolin-4(3H)-ones were synthesized from various primary amines. All the synthesized compounds were screened for their antitubercular, anti-HIV and antibacterial activity against different Grampositive and Gram-negative strains by agar dilution method. Among the test compounds, 3-(4-nitrophenyl)-2-(4-oxo-2-phenylquinazolin-3(4H)-ylamino)quinazolin-4(3H)-one (BQZ6) and 3-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-(4-oxo-2-phenylquinazolin-3(4H)-ylamino)quinazolin-4(3H)-one (BQZ7) shown most potent antibacterial activity against E. coli, P. aeruginosa and S. aureus with the MIC of 3 μg/mL. The compound BQZ7 exhibited the antitubercular activity with the MIC of 25 μg/mL and anti-HIV activity with the MIC of 35.4 μg/mL against HIV1 and HIV2 and offers potential lead for further optimization and development to new antitubercular and anti-HIV agents. The results from this study confirm that the synthesized and biologically evaluated quinazolines showed promising antimicrobial, antitubercular and anti-HIV activities and are new scaffolds for antimicrobial activity

scholarly journals INVESTIGATIONS ON THE RESISTANCE OF COMMENSAL SWINE ESCHERICHIA COLI TO SOME AMINOGLYCOSIDES-AMINOCYCLITOLS

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-26
Author(s):  
Valentina Urumova ◽  
Mihni Lyutskanov ◽  
Vladi Petrov
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Agar Dilution Method ◽  
Aminoglycoside Resistance ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Swine Farms ◽  
Resistance Patterns ◽  
Agar Dilution ◽  
Aminoglycoside Resistance Genes

Th e aim of this study was to describe the prevalence of antibiotic resistance to some aminoglycosides, streptomycin, spectinomycin and gentamicinand three aminoglycoside- resistance genes in Escherichia coli isolated from feces and lagoon manure in six swine farms in Republic of Bulgaria. Atotal of 274 E. coli isolates from 270 fecal samples and twelve samples from lagoon manure were tested by disk diff usion method to determine resistance patterns to 11 antimicrobial agents. Aminoglycosides resistance also was determined by E-test, agar dilution method, PCR and qPCR. Th e highest resistance observed to streptomycin (70.0%) and spectinomycin (65.5%). Multi-resistance patterns in studied E. coli strains showed that the resistance to streptomycin/spectinomycin was most frequently seen together with resistance to ampicillin, tetracycline, and sulfonamides (39.6%). The E. coli isolates resistant to streptomycin, spectinomycin were examined for the presence of strA/strB, aadA1 genes, and resistant isolates to gentamicin were evaluated for the presence of the aacC1 gene. Th e most common gene determining resistance to aminoglycosides was aadA1 which was found in 54.0% of swine isolates and lagoon manure isolates followed by straA/strB genes (32.3%). Th e aacC1gene was not identifi ed in E. coli isolates resistant to gentamicin.

scholarly journals Antibacterial activity of rosemary, caraway and fennel essential oils

2015 ◽  
Vol 61 (4) ◽  
pp. 31-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paweł Kwiatkowski ◽  
Stefania Giedrys-Kalemba ◽  
Małgorzata Mizielińska ◽  
Artur Bartkowiak
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Agar Dilution Method ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Natural Medicine ◽  
Agar Dilution ◽  
Alternative Remedies

SummaryIntroduction:Recently, interest in essential oils used in natural medicine, has been increasing. Essential oils are still being tested for their potential uses as an alternative remedies for the treatment of many infectious diseases.Objective:The aim of the study was to evaluate antibacterial properties of commercial essential oils (rosemary, caraway and fennel) to reduce the number ofStaphylococcus aureusandEscherichia coli.Methods:The antibacterial activity of essential oils was investigated by agar dilution method.Results:The result of experiments showed that essential oils contained in microbiological media significantly reduced the number ofS. aureusandE. colicells. The best antibacterial properties possessed caraway oil: 1 mg/g forS. aureusand 10 mg/g forE. coli,weaker rosemary (5 mg/g) and fennel (20 mg/g) oils.Conclusion:Results confirmed the inhibiting effect of commercial essential oils onS. aureusandE. coliand provide a scientific ground for future research.

scholarly journals Effects of selected Taiwanese endemic plants on anti-lipid peroxidation and antibacterial activities against clinically isolated extended-spectrum-β-lactamase producing Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Po-Wei Tsai ◽  
Pei-Chin Lin ◽  
Ling-Ling Yang ◽  
Ming Shun Wu
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Agar Dilution Method ◽  
Kidney Mitochondria ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Agar Dilution

Abstract It has been a challenge for many clinicians to treat a complicated extended-spectrum-β-lactamase (ESBL) producing Klebsiella Pneumoniae (Kp) and Escherichia coli (E. coli) infection due to widespread antibiotic abuse with renal damage as one of its common side effects. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the antibacterial activity of extracts from several Taiwanese folk medicinal plants against ESBL- Kp and E. coli. with renal protecting ability against lipid peroxidation (LPO) on mice kidney mitochondria. Preliminary antibacterial activities of ethanol extracts from twenty (20) Taiwanese folk medicinal plants were measured by agar-dilution method against standard ESBL strains of E. coli (ATCC 25922, ATCC 35218) and Kp (ATCC 23856, ATCC 700603). Rhus semialata var. roxburghiana DC. (RSR) exerted the most inhibitory effect and then further extracted with n-hexane, ethyl acetate, acetone, ethanol, and water, respectively. Each extract also evaluated against the four standard ATCC microorganisms. Their MIC50, MIC90, and time kill assay were adapted with detecting the maximum inhibitory activities and the antibacterial spectrum range of each extract was measured against twenty-four (24) kinds of microbes. Which were used including gram-positive, gram-negative bacteria and fungus by agar dilution method. Finally, renal protective ability was detected inhibitory effect of ferrous induced lipid peroxidation on mice mitochondria. Among 20 Taiwanese folk medicinal plants tested, Rhus semialata var. roxburghiana DC. (RSR) exhibited maximum inhibition against clinical ESBL-producing Kp and E. coli strains with acetone extracts showing MIC50/MIC90 values at 1000 µg/mL, the course of antimicrobial action was bacteriostatic and with inhibitions to all 24 kinds of microbial including Gram positive and negative bacteria and fungi. Furthermore, result of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) assay from this extract showed high lipid peroxidative (LPO) protective capability on mice kidney mitochondria (IC50: 29.29 ± 0.35µg/mL). RSR acetone extract, with its maximum activity against clinical isolated ESBL-producing Kp and E. coli, antimicrobial effect against other wide spectral range bacteria and relatively high LPO protective ability on mice kidney mitochondria, is a potential source, albeit further studies have yet to be conducted, to develop an antimicrobial drug against ESBL-Kp and E. coli.

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