Peculiarities of Grammatical Properties in Nominal Word Combinations

2014 ◽  
pp. 300-305
Author(s):  
I. B. Klienkova
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Meaning ◽  
Word Combination ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
German Speaking ◽  
Special Occasion ◽  
Syntactic Relation ◽  
Syntactic Relations ◽  
Number Case

The article examines some peculiarities if grammatical properties of nominal word combinations based on the study of German-speaking Swiss press. The accumulated experience of linguists is analyzed and certain factors influencing the choice of syntactic relations in nominal word combinations with quantitative meaning are researched. It has been established that the choice of syntactic relations in such word combinations is determined by functional style, semantics and grammatical features of nouns - first or second components in a word combination. The aforementioned factors influencing the choice of syntactic relations in quantitative nominal word combinations are studied on the material of Germanspeaking Swiss press. The research revealed a number of peculiarities. First of all, German-speaking Swiss press uses such syntactic relation as genitive subordination quite often, not only on "special occasion" and unlike its use in Germany does not produce a magniloquent, pompous impression. Secondly, it has been established that the choice of syntactic relations in word combinations of the above-mentioned type of word combinations greatly depends on the semantic meaning of the noun - the first component of the word combination - and does not always coincide with the grammatical properties in nominal combinations in Germany. Thirdly, a clear dependence of syntactic relations choice is observed. Moreover, the article highlights the importance of grammatical features of the second component. These are such features as gender, number, case accompanied by noun declension. All the afore-mentioned features help to define the type of syntactic relations, which nominal quantitative word combinations may be connected by. The results of the comparisons of grammatical properties of quantitative nominal word combinations in German and Swiss press are demonstrated in a table below.

The Reception of Psychoanalysis in Germany

1982 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 589-602
Author(s):  
Hannah S. Decker
Keyword(s):  
Central Europe ◽  
The State ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
German Speaking

This essay deals mainly with the factors influencing the reception of psychoanalysis in Germany. However, I will preface my discussion with two brief sections describing the events of the reception. Please note that as used here, Germany refers specifically to the state, and not to the German-speaking areas of central Europe.

scholarly journals How to combine text-mining methods to validate induced Verb-Object relations?

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 133-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolas Béchet ◽  
Jacques Chauché ◽  
Violaine Prince ◽  
Mathieu Roche
Keyword(s):  
Object Relations ◽  
Language Processing ◽  
Roc Curves ◽  
Object Relation ◽  
Experimental Protocol ◽  
Syntactic Relation ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Syntactic Relations ◽  
French Corpus ◽  
Vector Approach

This paper describes methods using Natural Language Processing approaches to extract and validate induced syntactic relations (here restricted to the Verb-Object relation). These methods use a syntactic parser and a semantic closeness measure to extract such relations. Then, their validation is based on two different techniques: A Web Validation system on one part, then a Semantic-Vectorbased approach, and finally different combinations of both techniques in order to rank induced Verb-Object relations. The Semantic Vector approach is a Roget-based method which computes a syntactic relation as a vector. Web Validation uses a search engine to determine the relevance of a syntactic relation according to its popularity. An experimental protocol is set up to judge automatically the relevance of the sorted induced relations. We finally apply our approach on a French corpus of news by using ROC Curves to evaluate the results.

scholarly journals The Mechanisms of Proversion and Reversion in Producing the Compounds of the English Language

2019 ◽  
pp. 170-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Igor Chekulay ◽  
Olga Prokhorova ◽  
Vladislav Kuchmistyy
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
Compound Word ◽  
Structural Mechanism ◽  
Parts Of Speech ◽  
Word Combination ◽  
Building Process ◽  
Syntactic Relation ◽  
Word Change ◽  
Component Order ◽  
Working Out

The subject-matter of this paper is the structural mechanism of the proverse and reverse word-compounding as a word-building process in modern English while having the model of word-combination as a starting basis for such transformations. The mechanism of proversion represents the process transforming a word-combination into a compound word while preserving the initial order of components coinciding with that of a word-combination (A + B → AB). When the reverse process of compounding takes place, the components of a resulting compound word change their places as to each other in comparison with a component-order in an initial word-combination (A + B → BA). The hypothesis of the investigation is that the compounding by proversion occurs if words of an initial word-combination are tied with the syntactic relation of agreement, while the reverse compounding usually tends to provide compounding on the basis of the syntactic relation of control. The proversive model is mostly the basis for creating nominative parts of speech, and the result of the reverse intergration of a word-combination into a compound word is manifested mainly by a verb or a verbal. The article describes the general and certain specific models of proverse and reverse compounding with the indication of their functional and stylistic peculiar features. The conclusion indicates the perspectives of working out the problem on the basis of other languages and on the comparative ground.

Experience, Understanding, and the Translational Transformation of Reality

2018 ◽  
pp. 213-234
Author(s):  
Simon Glynn
Keyword(s):  
Real World ◽  
Necessary Condition ◽  
Semantic Meaning ◽  
Linguistic Communication ◽  
Change Over Time ◽  
Syntactic Relations ◽  
Independent Criterion ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Do So

The success of linguistic communication in general, and translation in particular, is dependent upon the veracity of our understanding of the meaning of concepts signified in or by a language or languages. This raises the question as to how such understanding may be accomplished and ensured. And while Platonists and their ilk rely upon the transcendental intuition of supposedly absolute concepts, purportedly inscribed in their souls, those skeptical of such metaphysics have tended to attempt to derive the meaning of the concepts signified by language ostensively from observations of the supposedly “Real” world. However, in this essay, I argue that this is problematic for a number of reasons, not the least being that, as Husserl, following Hume, has noted, even the existence, much less the nature, of a (quasi-Noumenal) “Real” world, outside or transcending our experiences of phenomenal “Appearances,” is no more empirically verifiable than is Plato’s transcendental realm. Nor may understanding of (the meaning of ) the concepts signified by the linguistic communications of others be derived from these appearances, since my understanding of how things appear to others presupposes my understanding of the language they must employ to communicate this to me. Furthermore, and contra Husserl, as Hermeneutic Phenomenologists such as Heidegger recognized, the very appearances from which we may seek to drive our concepts are always already mediated by our conceptions or preconceptions. All of this being so, then as we shall perhaps not be surprised to see, the (semantic meaning of ) concepts signified by language are, as de Saussure has argued, derived from the syntactic relations which delineate them. Consequently, as Derrida has shown, they change over time (or diachronically) as such relations change. Unable therefore to establish the veracity of individuals’ understanding of concepts communicated either within a single language, or between languages, by appealing outside language to an independent criterion of arbitration, we must instead rely upon the coherence of linguistic articulation and communication; a coherence which, although a necessary condition of ensuring the correspondence of our understanding with that of others, can never be sufficient to do so. However, confidence in our understanding increases with the specificity and number of communications achieved without the occurrence of incoherence.

scholarly journals Syntactic Valence, Syntactic Relation

2021 ◽  
Vol 03 (04) ◽  
pp. 129-132
Author(s):  
Shuxratova Yulduzxon Shakarbek Qizi ◽  
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
Ancient Greek ◽  
Syntactic Relation ◽  
Syntactic Relations ◽  
Linguistic Units

Syntax (ancient Greek σύν-ταξις “composition”, “coordination”, “order”) is a section of linguistics in which nominative and communicative linguistic units are studied: a sentence and a phrase. Literally translated syntax means not only composing, but also ordering, coordinating, combining words into a coherent text. The following article looks into the syntactic relations and valence in the English language.

Relasi Sintaktis Antarkomponen pada Frasa Nomina Bahasa Rusia

Metahumaniora ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 18
Author(s):  
Tri Yulianty Karyaningsih
Keyword(s):  
Noun Phrase ◽  
Noun Phrases ◽  
Written Language ◽  
Russian Noun ◽  
Syntactic Relation ◽  
Syntactic Relations ◽  
Descriptive Method ◽  
National Corpus

AbstrakDalam sintaksis bahasa Rusia terdapat istilah sintaksiceskoe otnošenie ‘relasisintaktis’ yang menghubungkan komponen-komponen frasa secara leksikal dangramatikal. Ada beragam jenis relasi sintaktis dan relasi ini dapat dijumpai padafrasa dengan komponen inti nomina. Untuk itu, dalam artikel ini dibahas mengenaiberbagai macam relasi sintaktis pada frasa nomina bahasa Rusia. Metode yangdigunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif dengan berbagai tekniklanjutan dalam penganalisisan data. Adapun sumber data berupa bahasa tulisdiambil dari korpus nasional bahasa Rusia. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwarelasi sintaktis yang ada pada frasa nomina bahasa Rusia adalah relasi atributif,objektif, subjektif, adverbial, dan kompletif, didasarkan pada koneksi sintaktisantarkomponen frasa berupa koneksi konkordansi, penguasaan, dan parataksis.Relasi-relasi sintaktis tersebut dapat dibedakan secara semantis melalui maknaleksikal dan gramatikal kata-kata pembangun frasa.Kata kunci: relasi sintaktis, frasa nomina, inti frasa, pewatas, koneksi sintaktisAbstractIn Russian syntax there is the term of sintaksiceskoe otnošenie ‘syntactic relation’which connects the phrase components lexically and grammatically. There are various typesof syntactic relations and these syntactic relations can be found on noun phrases. Therefore,this article discussed about various types of syntactic relations in Russian noun phrases. Themethod used in this research is descriptive method with various techniques in analyzing data.The source of the data is written language taken from the national corpus of Russian language.The results showed that the syntactic relations in Russian noun phrases are attributive,objective, subjective, adverbial, and completive relation, based on syntactic connections ofconcordance, government, and parataxis between the phrase components. These syntacticrelations can be distinguished semantically through the lexical and grammatical meaning ofthe phrase components.Keywords: syntactic relation, noun phrase, head, modifier, syntactic connection

Relasi Sintaktis Antarkomponen pada Frasa Nomina Bahasa Rusia

Metahumaniora ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 18
Author(s):  
Tri Yulianty Karyaningsih
Keyword(s):  
Noun Phrase ◽  
Noun Phrases ◽  
Written Language ◽  
Russian Noun ◽  
Syntactic Relation ◽  
Syntactic Relations ◽  
Descriptive Method ◽  
National Corpus

AbstrakDalam sintaksis bahasa Rusia terdapat istilah sintaksiceskoe otnošenie ‘relasisintaktis’ yang menghubungkan komponen-komponen frasa secara leksikal dangramatikal. Ada beragam jenis relasi sintaktis dan relasi ini dapat dijumpai padafrasa dengan komponen inti nomina. Untuk itu, dalam artikel ini dibahas mengenaiberbagai macam relasi sintaktis pada frasa nomina bahasa Rusia. Metode yangdigunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif dengan berbagai tekniklanjutan dalam penganalisisan data. Adapun sumber data berupa bahasa tulisdiambil dari korpus nasional bahasa Rusia. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwarelasi sintaktis yang ada pada frasa nomina bahasa Rusia adalah relasi atributif,objektif, subjektif, adverbial, dan kompletif, didasarkan pada koneksi sintaktisantarkomponen frasa berupa koneksi konkordansi, penguasaan, dan parataksis.Relasi-relasi sintaktis tersebut dapat dibedakan secara semantis melalui maknaleksikal dan gramatikal kata-kata pembangun frasa.Kata kunci: relasi sintaktis, frasa nomina, inti frasa, pewatas, koneksi sintaktisAbstractIn Russian syntax there is the term of sintaksiceskoe otnošenie ‘syntactic relation’which connects the phrase components lexically and grammatically. There are various typesof syntactic relations and these syntactic relations can be found on noun phrases. Therefore,this article discussed about various types of syntactic relations in Russian noun phrases. Themethod used in this research is descriptive method with various techniques in analyzing data.The source of the data is written language taken from the national corpus of Russian language.The results showed that the syntactic relations in Russian noun phrases are attributive,objective, subjective, adverbial, and completive relation, based on syntactic connections ofconcordance, government, and parataxis between the phrase components. These syntacticrelations can be distinguished semantically through the lexical and grammatical meaning ofthe phrase components.Keywords: syntactic relation, noun phrase, head, modifier, syntactic connection

IS THE NECESSITY ASSESSMENT AT THE INSTITUTE OF HARMFUL RECOVERY?

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 217-244
Author(s):  
HELMUT KOZIOL
Keyword(s):  
General Rule ◽  
Civil Liability ◽  
Private Law ◽  
Subjective Approach ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
German Speaking ◽  
Law Regulation

The article of one of the most prominent contemporary representatives of “bewegliches System” conception of private law regulation provides a thorough examination of factors influencing the leading approachs to assessment of fault in german speaking jurisdictions. The author comes to conclusion that unconditional adherence to unified (either subjective or objective) approach shall not attend to the ends pursued by particular intitutions aggregated under the name of civil liability, whereas the ethically underpinned concept of liability requires subjective approach as a general rule for noncontractual liability.

scholarly journals Collocations in Academic Language in German and Danish

Kalbotyra ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 73 ◽  
pp. 150-175
Author(s):  
Irene Simonsen
Keyword(s):  
Academic Language ◽  
Similar Distribution ◽  
Major Theme ◽  
Word Families ◽  
Word Forms ◽  
German Speaking ◽  
Syntactic Relation

This study compares the collocational use of the different word forms of five roots of academic language in German and Danish, considered essential for the realization of obligatory moves in the academic abstract, namely *analy*, *untersuch*/*undersøg*, *method*/*metod*, *theor*/*teor* and *empiri*. The aim of the comparison is to uncover differences and similarities in the expert norm of the two languages in order to gain insights that may help to inform the teaching of German-speaking students who must learn written standard Danish as part of their studies in Denmark. The study places special emphasis on the topic of variation, since variation reflects interculturally different uses of language specifically and is a major theme in academic language in general. The frequency and distribution of the five roots as verb, noun and adjective are compared in the collocations: noun + verb, verb + noun, adjective + noun in a study of two corpora of 100 dissertation abstracts from each of the two languages (approx.145.000 tokens), using the Word Sketch function of the corpus tool Sketch Engine. The LogDice measure has been used to identify the collocations, and variation is operationalized as the type-token ratio, computed for each syntactic relation. The results show general differences between the two languages. The use of different collocations with word forms from the five word families is greater in academic language in German than in Danish, despite a very similar distribution of the collocations in the languages and despite higher frequencies in Danish.  The collocational use of the words in Danish therefore seems to be less varied and more restricted than in academic language in German.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document