scholarly journals Impact de l’allégeance en ses dimensions idéologique et mercenaire sur les réactions aux injustices professionnelles

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 36-53
Author(s):  
Coralie Soudan ◽  
Bernard Gangloff
Keyword(s):  
Social Environment ◽  
Social System ◽  
Gender Effect ◽  
The Other ◽  
Job Seekers ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The Social ◽  
Passive Strategies ◽  
The Impact

Several studies have shown the existence of a norm of allegiance that we can define as the social valorizationof the individuals avoiding to question the social environment, and in particular to question the powers hierarchyin a social system. Thus, it is possible to distinguish the individuals showing allegiance, who are sociallyvalorized, and to oppose them to the rebels, devalorised. Recent studies showed that the norm of allegiance wasnot homogeneous and that it was possible to make a dichotomy according to “ideological” versus “mercenary”reasons conducting to the allegiance or not allegiance, this dichotomy leading to four categories (ideological allegiance,mercenary allegiance, ideological rebellion and mercenary rebellion).In the other hand, facing a person unjustly victim of professional injustice, we can react by adopting “passive”strategies (using for example the victim’s moral or behavioral responsibility: cf. Lerner), but we also canadopt “active” strategies leading to an objective re-establishment of the justice.Our purpose was to study the impact of the allegiance on the passive vs active reactions to professionalinjustices by examining in a differentiated way the ideological versus mercenary reasons of this allegiance ornot allegiance. Our results show that the global as well as the ideological or mercenary allegiance lead to morepassivity. We also observe a gender effect (men and women use different strategies) and a statute effect with adifferenciation between employees and job seekers.

scholarly journals فقہائے اربعہ ؒ کےاقوال کی روشنی میں نصابِ زکوٰۃ کے معاصرانہ تقاضے:ایک تحقیقی جائزہ

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-100
Author(s):  
Dr. Javed Khan ◽  
Dr. Muhammad Mushtaq Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Social Value ◽  
The Other ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Paper Currency ◽  
The Social ◽  
Gold Silver ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Needy

Zakat is one of the main pillars of Islam. On one hand, it purifies the income of the wealthy people, on the other hand, it helps the needy people hence the social value of Islam and brotherhood is promoted. The niṣāb of few things are very clear as mentioned in aḥādīth in quit unambiguous manner just like nisāb of gold, silver, and livestock, etc. However in a situation when a person’s wealth is a mixture of a different kind of Amwāl-e-zakat and none of them reach to the limit of nisāb, especially in the case of gold, silver, and modern-day paper currency,  in this case, whether gold, silver or paper shall be combined for the obligation of zakat or not? Imam Malik, Imam Abū Yūsuf and Imam Muhammad are of the view that the merger shall be based on its quantity/parts((ضم بالاجزاء. On the other hand, according to Imam Abū Ḥanifa, the merger shall be based on the price of gold and silver and the person should be considered nisāb holder if the price of the combined assets reaches the price of nisāb of silver. The above principle shall also be applied for Uzḥiyyah as well. Currently, due to the huge difference in the price of silver and gold, if we take the merger of different assets based on price, people who are not even secure from financial worries become nisāb holder and they have to pay zakat as well as Uzḥiyyah. In this paper, Zakat and its conditions are briefly defined, the issue of the combination of various niṣābs is elaborated, and the modern-day problems in light of the impact of the price of silver on the combination of niṣābs are discussed along with the recommendations.

Assessing the Impact of Internet Testing

2011 ◽  
pp. 177-189 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wm. Benjamin Martz Jr. ◽  
Morgan M. Shepherd
Keyword(s):  
Social Environment ◽  
Test Performance ◽  
Testing Procedure ◽  
The Other ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Course Content ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Time Of Year ◽  
The Impact

This chapter provides the results of a comparison between two sections of a graduate programming class, where one was an on-campus class and the other, a distance class. The course content, instructor, syllabus, lecture materials, notes, assessments and semester (time of year) were the same. Both groups were surveyed to test their satisfaction with the testing procedure and with their perception of certain aspects of the social environment. The results showed differences in perceived test performance. Two conjectures about possible causes underlying the difference and suggestions for possible future research end the discussion.

Trust Management

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 26-44
Author(s):  
Vikas Kumar ◽  
Prasann Pradhan
Keyword(s):  
Social Environment ◽  
Trust Management ◽  
The Other ◽  
Identification Process ◽  
Clear Sense ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The Social ◽  
Digital Environments ◽  
Sense Of Identity ◽  
Digital Identities

Trust and identity are the fundamental issues to both the social as well as digital environments. An individual or a group require both of these identities to recognize, interact, and communicate in the present day social and digital worlds. In the social environment, the concept of trust and identity are different than in digital environments, but without a clear sense of identity, there can be a no ground for building the trust. Trust is helpful in supporting the identity to survive and to build relations with other identity in a particular environment. Trust management on the other hand provides a basis to establish the trust and ensure its continuity and longevity. This article compares the social and digital identities with respect to trust issues in the present-day digital scenario. Characteristics, identification process, and lifecycle of both the identities have been presented along with the threats. The work is very helpful in mapping the social scenario to the digital scenario.

scholarly journals The Representation of Men and Women in Contemporary Slovak Musical Films Aimed at Children

2017 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-81
Author(s):  
Marek Urban ◽  
Kamila Urban
Keyword(s):  
Social Representation ◽  
The Other ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Representation Of Women ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The Social ◽  
Mise En Scene

Abstract The present study analyses the social representation of women and men in ten contemporary Slovak musical films aimed at children (Spievankovo, Fíha-tralala, Smejko a Tanculienka). An analysis of the internal and external features attributed to “men”, “women”, “boys”, and “girls” has revealed, in line with previous research, that men are associated with strength and courage and women with beauty and care. Gender also determines clothing, props, and mise-en-scene. Contrary to previous findings, women in the analysed films, more often than men, display activity and dominance and take the role of moral and intellectual authorities. Men, on the other hand, are just as emotional as women. In conclusion, the author proposes a hypothesis to explain these discrepancies with the previous research.

scholarly journals FORMALISME KEHIDUPAN BERAGAMA (Studi Kasus Gereja Katolik Keuskupan Purwokerto)

LOGOS ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-40
Author(s):  
Robertus Suraji
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Social Structure ◽  
The Other ◽  
Religious Values ◽  
Joint Motion ◽  
Religious Leaders ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The Social ◽  
Personal Level ◽  
The Impact

Indonesia is a nation that seems religious. Place of worship was flooded with a lot ofpeople. Events and holy days of religius became a national event. In the other hand,some times the religious comprehention was halted at the places of worship that wasit. In the national and society life easily we can find people to do things that arecontrary to religious values. Human rights violations and corruption becomes difficultto eradicate. Moral degradation occurs from the level of family, community, societyand state officials. Within communities also repeatedly occurred certain group usereligion as an instrument of legitimacy to the acts of violence driven by a belief in theirown truth as the only truth, and the loss of a sense of respect for those who areconsidered different. Hence people are not so concerned with the behavior that iscontrary to what religion had been teaches, even assume it was not related to faith. Onthe other hand there are people who are aware of the true situation but are powerless,or do not have enough courage to reject it. This is the situation called formalism ofReligious Life. The cause of religious formalism that may arise from the internalreligious teachings, not only from the social structure of society but also of a culturethat is built in this community. The impact of these religious formalism can happen ona personal level, both the social structure and the culture of the society. Therefore, tocounter religious formalism is not enough left to religious leaders, but also thereshould be a joint motion to change the structure and culture of Indonesian society.

scholarly journals Penerapan Manajemen Kesiswaan di Madrasah Diniyah Haji Ya’qub Lirboyo Kota Kediri

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 92-109
Author(s):  
Wildan Habibi
Keyword(s):  
Human Resources ◽  
Social Environment ◽  
Educational Institution ◽  
The Other ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Attendance Rate ◽  
The Third ◽  
Student Management ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The Social

Madrasah as part of educational institution that appear in Indonesia, that madrasah has been long participated in improving human resources and educating life of the Indonesian people. The other hand madrasah is madrasah diniyah.  As part of Islamic educational institutions, madrasas diniyah also manages several things that related to the educational components such as the management of student or learner. This research used the descriptive-qualitative of paradigm approach. The results of the research showed that The first Diniyyah Madrasah Haji Ya’qub has been able to implement some things that become part of the student management in according to existing regulations. The second there are problems faced both diniyyah Madrasah Haji Ya’qub, in implementing student management such as a) There are many students who have not been able to recognize to the social environment in the location of madrasah. b) The students’ interest to understand the lessons is low. c) The students’ attendance rate is less than the maximum. The third to face those problems madrasah diniyah haji ya’qub has some efforts as follows: a) Urge to all teachers to instruct their students to participate to the events to know the students’ physical and social environment. b) Instructed to the teachers to pay attention to their students to be active in all of activities of madrasah c) The functionaries give the warning and punishment to the students who are not going to School or discussion.

Termin kandaulos/kandylos (κανδαυλοσ/ κανδυλοσ) na podstawie λεχεων συναγωγη Focjusza oraz "Commentari ad Homeri Iliadem" Eustacjusza z Tessaloniki

Vox Patrum ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 55 ◽  
pp. 361-373
Author(s):  
Maciej Kokoszko ◽  
Katarzyna Gibel-Buszewska
Keyword(s):  
Social Status ◽  
Present Article ◽  
The Other ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The Social ◽  
Cooked Meat

The present article focuses on one of the Greek delicacies mentioned by Photius and Eustathius, i.e. a Lydian import called kandaulos/kandylos. The dish was developed before the mid. VI th c. BC and named after a Lydian king, Kandaules, who ruled in the VII th c. BC. The delicacy was (via the Ionians) borrowed by the Helens and established itself in Greece sometime in the V th c. It became popular in Hellenistic times. The information we possess allow us to reconstruct two varieties of kandaulos/ kandylos. The first was savoury and consisted of cooked meat, stock, Phrygian cheese, breadcrumbs and dill (or fennel). The other included milk, lard, cheese and honey. The dish is reported to have been costly, prestigious and indicating the social status of those who would eat it. Though there is much evidence suggesting its popularity in antiquity, we lack solid evidence proving that kaunaudlos/kandylos was eaten in Byzantine times. On the other hand, Byzantine authors preserved the most detailed literary data on the delicacy. If it had not been for the Byzantine interest, our competence in the field of Greek cuisine would be even faultier.

SCENARIOS FOR AN EXPANDING DEMAND OF TOURISM ON THE COASTS OF CUBA

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oscar Gutiérrez-Bolívar ◽  
Oscar Gutiérrez-Bolívar ◽  
Pedro Fernández Carrasco ◽  
Pedro Fernández Carrasco
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The Other ◽  
Sudden Increase ◽  
Tourist Destination ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The Impact

The opening of relationships between United States and Cuba could be a drive for a huge increase in the affluence of tourism to Cuba and especially to the coast areas. Cuba has been for many years an important tourist destination for people from many countries, but almost forbidden for US citizens. The proximity of the USA, its amount of population as well as their great acquisition power will increase in a very substantial way the demand for accommodation and other uses in the proximity of the coasts. There will be a need to implement a package of measures that reduce the impact of such sudden increase in the coastal line. On the other hand that augment in tourism could be an opportunity to improve the standard of life of Cubans. The consideration of different possibilities of such development, the analysis of the damages that each one could cause as well as the measures that could avoid, ameliorate or compensate such effects are the goals that are going to be presented in this paper.

Laughter on the Fringes

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Peterson
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Literary Canon ◽  
Autobiographical Writing ◽  
Treasure Trove ◽  
Old Comedy ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Aggressive Humor ◽  
The One ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact

This book examines the impact that Athenian Old Comedy had on Greek writers of the Imperial era. It is generally acknowledged that Imperial-era Greeks responded to Athenian Old Comedy in one of two ways: either as a treasure trove of Atticisms, or as a genre defined by and repudiated for its aggressive humor. Worthy of further consideration, however, is how both approaches, and particularly the latter one that relegated Old Comedy to the fringes of the literary canon, led authors to engage with the ironic and self-reflexive humor of Aristophanes, Eupolis, and Cratinus. Authors ranging from serious moralizers (Plutarch and Aelius Aristides) to comic writers in their own right (Lucian, Alciphron), to other figures not often associated with Old Comedy (Libanius) adopted aspects of the genre to negotiate power struggles, facilitate literary and sophistic rivalries, and provide a model for autobiographical writing. To varying degrees, these writers wove recognizable features of the genre (e.g., the parabasis, its agonistic language, the stage biographies of the individual poets) into their writings. The image of Old Comedy that emerges from this time is that of a genre in transition. It was, on the one hand, with the exception of Aristophanes’s extant plays, on the verge of being almost completely lost; on the other hand, its reputation and several of its most characteristic elements were being renegotiated and reinvented.

Gender and Social Exclusion in European Migration Crisis

2018 ◽  
pp. 658-676
Author(s):  
Marlou Schrover
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Social Exclusion ◽  
Historical Perspective ◽  
The Other ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Refugee Women ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Migration Crisis ◽  
The One ◽  
European Migration

This chapter discusses social exclusion in European migration from a gendered and historical perspective. It discusses how from this perspective the idea of a crisis in migration was repeatedly constructed. Gender is used in this chapter in a dual way: attention is paid to differences between men and women in (refugee) migration, and to differences between men and women as advocates and claim makers for migrant rights. There is a dilemma—recognized mostly for recent decades—that on the one hand refugee women can be used to generate empathy, and thus support. On the other hand, emphasis on women as victims forces them into a victimhood role and leaves them without agency. This dilemma played itself out throughout the twentieth century. It led to saving the victims, but not to solving the problem. It fortified rather than weakened the idea of a crisis.

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