The Free Money Index

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (8) ◽  
pp. 1512-1530
Author(s):  
K.V. Mal'tsev ◽  
D.E. Ershov
Keyword(s):  
Information Technologies ◽  
Wealth Index ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Household Consumption ◽  
Federal State ◽  
The Public ◽  
General Terms ◽  
Physical Volume ◽  
Policy Measures ◽  
The Impact

Subject. The development of modern information technologies determines the emergence of new opportunities for obtaining empirical data on household consumption. This allows the formation of new, alternative indicators characterizing various aspects of the standard of living. The article describes one of these indicators, i.e. the free money index. Objectives. The purpose is to show the possibilities of the free money index in the analysis of living standards of the population. Methods. The empirical basis of the study is the data of the Federal State Statistics Service and Romir Consumer Scan Panel. Results. We calculated the free money index for households in Russia from 2008 to 2019. In general, the index has an upward trend, except 2009 and 2015. It includes cities with different population and takes into account the level of inflation, physical volume of purchases by four selected products, and seasonal fluctuations. Conclusions. The free money index, differing from the purchasing power, the wealth index and other indicators, characterizes the structure and changes in household consumption, and objectively reflects the well-being of the population. The free money index computation is necessary for the current analysis of economic and social policy measures. In more general terms, it can also be used to study the household behavior in micro- and macroeconomic aspects, the public welfare, and the impact of income distribution on economic development.

scholarly journals The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Working Conditions, Employment, Career Development and Well-Being of Refugee Researchers

Societies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 71
Author(s):  
Ourania Tzoraki ◽  
Svetlana Dimitrova ◽  
Marin Barzakov ◽  
Saad Yaseen ◽  
Vasilis Gavalas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Online Survey ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Appropriate Technology ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Home Setting ◽  
The Public ◽  
Work From Home ◽  
The Impact

The ongoing ‘refugee crisis’ of the past years has led to the migration of refugee researchers (RRs) to European countries. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, RRs often had to work from home and/or to continue their social, cultural and economic integration process under new conditions. An online survey carried out to explore the impact of the pandemic on the refugee researchers showed that RRs found it difficult to adapt their everyday working life to the ‘home’ setting. The majority have had neither a suitable work environment at home nor the appropriate technology. Although they stated that they are rather pleased with the measures taken by the public authorities, they expressed concern about their vulnerability due to their precarious contracts and the bureaucratic asylum procedures, as the pandemic has had a negative impact on these major issues. The majority of RRs working in academia seem not to have been affected at all as far as their income is concerned, while the majority of those employed in other sectors became unemployed during the pandemic (58%). Recommendations are provided to the public authorities and policy makers to assist RRs to mitigate the consequences of the pandemic on their life.

Public Sector Employment, Quality of Government, and Well-Being: A Global Analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 223386592110117
Author(s):  
Robert Davidson ◽  
Alexander Pacek ◽  
Benjamin Radcliff
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Global Analysis ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Political Factors ◽  
The Public ◽  
Employment Quality ◽  
The Impact

While a growing literature within the study of subjective well-being demonstrates the impact of socio-political factors on subjective well-being, scholars have conspicuously failed to consider the role of the size and scope of government as determinants of well-being. Where such studies exist, the focus is largely on the advanced industrial democracies of the Organization for Economic Co-Operation and Development. In this study, we examine the size of the public sector as a determinant of cross-national variation in life satisfaction across a worldwide sample. Our findings strongly suggest that as the public sector grows, subjective well-being increases as well, conditional on the extent of quality of government. Using cross-sectional data on 84 countries, we show this relationship has an independent and separable impact from other economic and political factors.

Nonfarm diversification and the well-being of rural farm households in developing countries: Evidence from Ghana using new dataset

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 207-229
Author(s):  
Bernardin Senadza ◽  
Edward Nketiah-Amponsah ◽  
Samuel Ampaw
Keyword(s):  
Well Being ◽  
Household Consumption ◽  
Empirical Method ◽  
Farm Households ◽  
Consumption Expenditure ◽  
Switching Regression ◽  
Rural Ghana ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
The Impact

Abstract This paper examines the impact of participation in both farm and nonfarm activities on both household consumption expenditure per adult equivalent and household per capita income, in rural Ghana. The objective is to ascertain whether the results are sensitive to the choice of well-being measure. We use a nationally representative dataset on 8,059 rural farm households collected in 2012/13. In order to account for potential selectivity and endogeneity biases, which previous studies failed to correct for, we adopt the endogenous switching regression (ESR) estimation technique. We find diversified households to be systematically different from their undiversified counterparts in terms of socioeconomic and demographic centeracteristics, thus justifying the empirical method used. Our results indicate a higher observed mean consumption for the diversified sub-sample compared to its counterfactual, implying that households participating in nonfarm enterprise activities in addition to farming have greater mean consumption compared to households engaged solely in farming. Similar conclusions are reached when income instead is used as the well-being indicator. Our findings, thus, indicate that the well-being implication of farm-nonfarm diversification is insensitive to the choice of well-being measure.

Impact of COVID 19 pandemic on psychological wellbeing of oncology clinicians in MENA (Middle East and North Africa) region.

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e24105-e24105
Author(s):  
Muhammad Farooq Latif ◽  
Faisal Azam ◽  
Syed Hammad Tirmazy ◽  
Shahid Bashir ◽  
Fahad Ibnshamsah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Psychological Stress ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Average Score ◽  
Mena Region ◽  
The Public ◽  
Medical Oncologists ◽  
Generalized Anxiety Disorders ◽  
The Impact

e24105 Background: Cancer care has been severely affected by covid 19 pandemic leading to medical, ethical and organizational issues. Oncology healthcare professionals face challenges due to reorganization of cancer services and increasing health care requirements resulting in uncertainty and psychological stress. Aim of this study is to evaluate the impact of covid 19 pandemic on psychological well being of oncology clinicians in the MENA region. Methods: We randomly invited 1500 oncology clinicians including medical oncologists, clinical oncologists, radiation oncologists and surgical oncologists from 17 countries in the MENA region to complete a web based survey to determine the level of psychological stress during covid 19 pandemic from October 2020 to January 2021. The questionnaire was based on Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), Generalized Anxiety Disorders Scale (GAD-7) and WHO Well-being Index (WHO-5). The data was analyzed using SPSS version 21 and difference between groups was measured by T-test and ANOVA. Results: Overall 520 (35%) oncology clinicians including 368 (71%) males and 152 (29%) females participated in the survey. Most of the participants were medical oncologists (38%) from teaching institutions (76%) and the public sector (84%). 46% (n = 242) participants were 35-45 years of age. Majority of clinicians reported moderate (45.6%) to severe (42.3%) anxiety on GAD-7 scale. Females had statistically higher levels of anxiety (average score;15.46 ±4.87, p = 0.04). On PSS, the majority of participants reported higher stress with average scores (29.64 ±3.83) for males and (30.23 ±4.62) for females. Average score for WHO wellbeing index was 62.95 (±20.52) for males and 74.3 (±20.87) for females denoting a preservation of general well being, even in a higher stress and anxiety situation. Female gender was significantly associated with anxiety level on GAD-7 scale (p = 0.04), but this difference in stress level and well being was not observed on PSS (p = 0.134) and WHO well being index (p = 0.709). Clinicians of ages 25-35 years had significantly higher anxiety levels on GAD-7 scale (p = 0.004) and higher stress on PSS (p = 0.000). Age over 55 years was associated with lower levels of anxiety and stress on GAD-7 and PSS. Oncology clinicians working in public sector experienced significantly lower stress as compared to private sector on PSS scale (p = 0.041) Conclusions: Covid 19 pandemic has significantly increased the anxiety and stress levels among oncology clinicians in the MENA region. Anxiety and stress were higher in females and young clinicians. Clinicians over 55 years of age and oncologists working in the public sector reported less stress and anxiety. General well being of clinicians was well preserved even in a highly stressful and anxious situation.

Impact of Rock Lyrics and Music Videos on Children and Youth

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 83 (2) ◽  
pp. 314-315 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Role Models ◽  
Rock Music ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Music Industry ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Best Interest ◽  
Positive Role ◽  
The Public ◽  
Good Taste ◽  
The Impact

Rock music has undergone dramatic changes since its introduction 30 years ago and is an issue of vital interest and concern for parents and pediatricians. Rock music lyrics have become increasingly explicit during the last two decades—particularly with reference to sex and drugs. Some lyrics communicate potentially harmful health messages. These lyrics are of special concern in today's environment, which poses unprecedented threats to the health and well-being of adolescents, including pregnancy, drug use, acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (and other sexually transmitted diseases), accidents, and suicide. The American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) strongly opposes censorship. According to the Federal Communications Commission, the public owns the airways, which are leased back to radio and television stations that are obligated to produce programming in the public's best interest. Good taste and self-regulation by consumers, media, and the music industry would be appropriate and effective solutions. The AAP, therefore, recommends that: 1. The public, and parents in particular, be made aware of sexually explicit, drug-oriented, or violent lyrics on records and tapes. 2. Broadcasters and the music industry be encouraged to demonstrate good taste and self-restraint in decisions regarding what is produced and allowed to be broadcast. 3. Rock performers be reminded that they can serve as positive role models for children and teenagers. 4. The AAP and other concerned organizations encourage parents to take a more active role in monitoring music to which their children are exposed. 5. Local coalitions of pediatricians, educators, and parents discuss the effects of the media on children and teenagers. 6. Research concerning the impact rock music has on the behavior of adolescents and preadolescents be developed and supported.

Impact of Health Information Technologies on the Quality of Healthcare Deliveries

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-44
Author(s):  
Patricia Whitley ◽  
Hossain Shahriar ◽  
Sweta Sneha
Keyword(s):  
Patient Care ◽  
Health Information ◽  
Medical Errors ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
Healthcare Delivery ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Quality Of Healthcare ◽  
Quality Healthcare ◽  
The Impact

Through a literary review of recent research, this paper examines the mixed impact of health information technology (HIT) on patient care, medical errors, and the quality of healthcare delivery in selected hospital settings such as emergency departments. Specific technologies examined include the electronic health record (EHR), medical devices, artificial intelligence, and robotics. The paper identifies that some healthcare technologies are increasingly valuable in reducing medical errors, improving healthcare quality, and in producing better patient-centered outcomes. It also determines that technologies have complicated the delivery of quality patient care, increased the incidences of clinician burnout, and made receiving quality healthcare in America's hospital systems possibly less sure. The paper concludes with some suggestions for improving HIT's implementations and confirms the need for further evaluation of the impact of HIT in increasing patient safety and clinician well-being.

scholarly journals Collective benefits in traffic during mega events via the use of information technologies

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (129) ◽  
pp. 20161041 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanyan Xu ◽  
Marta C. González
Keyword(s):  
Travel Time ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
Travel Demand ◽  
Collective Good ◽  
Large Cities ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Impact ◽  
First Time ◽  
Integrate Data ◽  
Expected Increase

Information technologies today can inform each of us about the route with the shortest time, but they do not contain incentives to manage travellers such that we all get collective benefits in travel times. To that end we need travel demand estimates and target strategies to reduce the traffic volume from the congested roads during peak hours in a feasible way. During large events, the traffic inconveniences in large cities are unusually high, yet temporary, and the entire population may be more willing to adopt collective recommendations for collective benefits in traffic. In this paper, we integrate, for the first time, big data resources to estimate the impact of events on traffic and propose target strategies for collective good at the urban scale. In the context of the Olympic Games in Rio de Janeiro, we first predict the expected increase in traffic. To that end, we integrate data from mobile phones, Airbnb, Waze and transit information, with game schedules and expected attendance in each venue. Next, we evaluate different route choice scenarios for drivers during the peak hours. Finally, we gather information on the trips that contribute the most to the global congestion which could be redirected from vehicles to transit. Interestingly, we show that (i) following new route alternatives during the event with individual shortest times can save more collective travel time than keeping the routine routes used before the event, uncovering the positive value of information technologies during events; (ii) with only a small proportion of people selected from specific areas switching from driving to public transport, the collective travel time can be reduced to a great extent. Results are presented online for evaluation by the public and policymakers ( www.flows-rio2016.com (last accessed 3 September 2017)).

The Public Debt of French Local Government

1985 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 387-399 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierre-Henri Derycke ◽  
Guy Gilbert
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Interest Rates ◽  
Public Debt ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Tight Control ◽  
The Public ◽  
Policy Measures ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACTAfter a sharp increase, the public debt of French local communities has been stabilized in real terms: its amount reached 54 per cent of total public debt in 1980. In the French institutional framework, local government borrowing policy is under the tight control of central agencies. An econometric model of the borrowing behaviour of local governments since 1965 is presented; it emphasizes the role of internal determinants of local debt (needs for investment, self-financing ability of governments), external constraints (e.g. interest rates and the financial resources of lenders, such as households savings), and finally the impact of macroeconomic policy measures from the central government.

The Changing Roles of Teachers in an Era of High-Stakes Accountability

2007 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 519-558 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda Valli ◽  
Daria Buese
Keyword(s):  
Elementary School Teachers ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Role Expectations ◽  
Federal State ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
High Stakes ◽  
Changing Roles ◽  
State And Local ◽  
Role Demands ◽  
The Impact

This article examines the impact of federal, state, and local policies on the roles that elementary school teachers are asked to assume inside and outside the classroom. Through a detailed analysis of changes in teacher tasks over a 4-year period, the authors determined that role expectations increased, intensified, and expanded in four areas: instructional, institutional, collaborative, and learning. These changes had unanticipated, and often negative, consequences for teachers’ relationships with students, pedagogy, and sense of professional well-being. The authors use one policy directive, differentiated instruction, to illustrate the complexity of role demands currently made of teachers, and they draw implications for policy and research.

scholarly journals NEW APPROACHES TO THE METHODOLOGICAL FOUNDATIONS OF LABOR RATIONING IN THE PUBLIC SECTOR

2021 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 28-40
Author(s):  
I.B. Omel’chenko ◽  
◽  
V.K. Koshkina ◽  
K.Yu. Chudinov ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Electronic System ◽  
Remote Work ◽  
Work Intensity ◽  
The Public ◽  
Provision Of Services ◽  
The Impact

Digital technologies are being actively introduced into our life and economy that it is often impossible to track all innovations and the resulting effect of their appearance; the population quickly adapts and gets used to them. Similar trends are observed in the public sector. Visitors to clinics, museums, Multifunctional Public Services Centers, and other institutions easily use an electronic system that puts a queue to a specialist, use various services and gadgets. Due to digitalization, remote work is gaining more popularity, especially among young people, pensioners and women. The remote work market plays a very important role in the modern economy. As an extremely complex distribution mechanism, it ensures the connection of workers to remote workplaces. Thus, it affects both productivity and growth rates, as well as many other parameters of the economy as a whole. Digitalization is becoming such an important factor in increasing labor productivity and improving the quality of life that the changes taking place in the market are considered as the onset of a new stage of economic development. Currently, the development of digitalization is primarily associated with the introduction of digital communication technologies, the platform for which is the Internet and mobile devices. Information technologies are being integrated into all spheres of economic activity. In this regard, the nature of labor, as well as labor functions are undergoing dramatic changes, the proportion of work performed remotely or using specialized software is increasing. In this regard, the work intensity (provision of services) requires attention, which directly depends on the updating of the methodology of labor rationing. Within the framework of this article, the methodological foundations of labor rationing in the public sector are analyzed, considering the impact of digitalization and automation processes on labor rationing.

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