“Graphics, Social Movements, and the Race to Eradicate Abortion: Why America Will Take Gold”

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zuza Kurzawa
Keyword(s):  
Social Movements ◽  
Paradigm Shift ◽  
Freedom Of Expression ◽  
Past Century ◽  
Societal Change ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Face ◽  
Common Goals ◽  
Graphic Image ◽  
Pro Life

Skeletal figures of Holocaust victims, wounds and scars of the enslaved, blackened lungs of the smoker; powerful images convey powerful narratives. Over the past century, media has become increasingly pervasive. For social movements, this tool played a key role in achieving mass societal change. Looking to mimic a lasting paradigm shift, pro-life groups have realized that images are the catalyst for change. Ignoring the normative element of abortion, it is important to acknowledge two common goals shared by the pro-life and pro-choice communities. First, both desire to help women. Second, both want to reduce the number of abortions. The obvious disconnect, is the means under which both goals are met. However, over the past decade, the efforts of various ‘Centres for Bio-Ethical Reform’ have shown that one of the most effective methods in achieving both goals has been through graphic image campaigns. It will be argued that in order to help couples make informed decisions, and reduce the number of abortions, images of human development and abortion must be readily available to couples in crisis pregnancy. Using the findings and testimonies from the Centre for Bio-Ethical Reform Florida 2011 mission, it can be demonstrated that convictions about abortion change in face of graphic imagery. Because it does not overtly challenge current legislation, but instead decreases the number of abortions, it ought to be honoured by both parties. Under the protection of the first amendment, pro-life groups in America can freely share these images to encourage discussion. In Canada, ‘freedom of speech’ and ‘freedom of expression’ are often compromised in the face of adversity; conclusively the pro-life message is often silenced. Thus, by virtue of being able to share the reality of the procedure, Americans are leading in the race to eventually eradicate the perceived necessity of abortion.

Electronic fetal monitoring, cerebral palsy, and medical ethics: Nonsense of a high order1

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 43-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas P. Sartwelle ◽  
James C. Johnston ◽  
Berna Arda
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Paradigm Shift ◽  
Fetal Monitoring ◽  
The Past ◽  
Overwhelming Evidence ◽  
Electronic Fetal Monitoring ◽  
The Face ◽  
Medical Paradigm ◽  
Junk Science ◽  
Scientific Technology

Electronic fetal monitoring (EFM) was predicted by its inventors to be the long-sought cerebral palsy (CP) nemesis. Rather than prevent CP or any other birth problems, 40 years of EFM use has done substantial harm to mothers and babies and created a worldwide CP-EFM litigation industry that enriches only trial lawyers. Physicians, frightened by the ever-expanding and costly CP-EFM litigation crisis, and focused on avoiding lawsuits at all costs, embraced ethical relativism—charitably called defensive medicine—and continued EFM use even in the face of overwhelming evidence that EFM is merely junk science. In doing so, physicians completely abandoned the bedrock bioethics principles of autonomy, beneficence, and nonmaleficence. This daily ethical drama has played itself out for the past almost half century with little protest from obstetricians and no protest from ethicists. This article reviews EFM harms, the CP-EFM litigation crisis, and the resulting abandonment of bioethics principles and explores why the CP-EFM paradigm has failed utterly to follow the Kuhnian model of the scientific, technology, medical paradigm shift.

scholarly journals School Consolidation and Notions of Progress: Why Community Actors Almost Always Lose the Fight to Keep Local Schools and How They Can Turn the Tables

in education ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia Elliott
Keyword(s):  
Essential Role ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Community Action ◽  
School Consolidation ◽  
Power Dynamics ◽  
Past Century ◽  
The Past ◽  
Local Schools ◽  
The Face ◽  
Effective Community

Supported by a growing body of research, the idea that schools have an essential role to play in local community cohesion and development has gained currency among urban and rural school advocates alike. Yet moving theory into action often grinds to a halt in the face of a recalcitrant bureaucracy. To understand why, it is important to step back and examine the theoretical framework of progress that has driven school consolidation and bureaucratization over the past century. Knowing these underlying power dynamics will help community advocates understand where their power is weakest, and where it is strongest, leading to more effective community action in defence of local schools.Keywords: school consolitation; community action; community school

scholarly journals Radical women in social work: A historical prespective from North America

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 45-56
Author(s):  
Therese Jennissen ◽  
Colleen Lundy
Keyword(s):  
Social Justice ◽  
Social Workers ◽  
Armed Conflict ◽  
Status Quo ◽  
Past Century ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Face ◽  
Politically Active ◽  
Very High

INTRODUCTION: Many challenges that confront social workers today are similar to problems they have faced over the past century – inequality, poverty, unemployment, militarisation and armed conflict, and the challenges of refugee resettlement, to name a few. It is instructive for contemporary social workers to revisit this history and to determine if there are lessons to inform our current struggles.METHOD: This paper explores the issues faced and strategies employed by radical, politically active social workers, most of them women. These social workers had visions of social justice and were not afraid to challenge the status quo, often at very high personal costs. The radical social workers were expressly interested in social change that centred on social justice, women’s rights, anti-racism, international peace, and they worked in close alliance and solidarity with other progressive groups.CONCLUSIONS: This article highlights the work of five radical female social workers. Radical social workers were in the minority but they were extraordinarily active and made important contributions in the face of formidable challenges.

The importance of synthetic chemistry in the pharmaceutical industry

Science ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 363 (6424) ◽  
pp. eaat0805 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin R. Campos ◽  
Paul J. Coleman ◽  
Juan C. Alvarez ◽  
Spencer D. Dreher ◽  
Robert M. Garbaccio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Discovery ◽  
Pharmaceutical Industry ◽  
Synthetic Methods ◽  
Past Century ◽  
Synthetic Chemistry ◽  
Drug Discovery And Development ◽  
The Past ◽  
New Concepts ◽  
The Face ◽  
Chemical Matter

Innovations in synthetic chemistry have enabled the discovery of many breakthrough therapies that have improved human health over the past century. In the face of increasing challenges in the pharmaceutical sector, continued innovation in chemistry is required to drive the discovery of the next wave of medicines. Novel synthetic methods not only unlock access to previously unattainable chemical matter, but also inspire new concepts as to how we design and build chemical matter. We identify some of the most important recent advances in synthetic chemistry as well as opportunities at the interface with partner disciplines that are poised to transform the practice of drug discovery and development.

Analysis of Recent Climatic Changes in the Arabian Gulf Region

1993 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 223-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hassan A. Nasrallah ◽  
Robert C. Balling
Keyword(s):  
Climate Changes ◽  
Climate Models ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Arabian Gulf ◽  
Past Century ◽  
Climatic Data ◽  
Gulf Region ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Face ◽  
Small Decline

Within the past few years, interest in climate change has increased dramatically in the face of the many apocalyptic predictions associated with the highly-popularized ‘greenhouse’ effect. Accordingly, scientists have produced many studies based on global, hemispheric, and regional, climatic data-bases. While most of the regional studies have been based on data from North America, Europe, and Australia, little research has been conducted in other areas of the world that have an equal (or greater) economic and climatic stake in the ‘greenhouse’ debate. In this investigation, we analyse the climatic records of the Arabian Gulf area in an attempt to identify recent changes that may or may not be related to any ‘greenhouse’ effects.The observed climate changes over the past century in the Arabian Gulf area include (a) an increase in temperature of 0.65°C, (b) warming in summer and little or no warming in winter, (c) no warming in the first 60 years of record but accelerated warming in the most recent 40 years, and (d) a small decline in precipitation. In many cases, the results are unlike those found in the analysis of Northern Hemispheric and/or global climate records. However, many of these observed climate changes in the Arabian Gulf area are broadly consistent with 2×CO2 predictions from various numerical climate models. We hope that the analyses presented in this investigation will aid decisionmakers in their difficult policymaking activities.

What Is This Thing Called Love? Emotional Scenarios in Historical Perspective

1995 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 221-237 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary M. Gergen ◽  
Kenneth J. Gergen
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Expression ◽  
Freedom Of Expression ◽  
Social Constructionist ◽  
Emotional Expressions ◽  
Past Century ◽  
The Past ◽  
Individual Participant ◽  
Simultaneous Loss ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Gender Variations

Abstract From a social-constructionist standpoint, emotional expressions are constitu-ents of lived narratives, and gain their meaning from their position within these narratives. These special forms of narrative, termed emotional scenarios, are themselves lodged within a broader cultural and historical landscape. This article compares major features of romantic love scenarios as they have changed from 19th century romanticist culture, through 20th century modern-ism, and into the contemporary postmodern context. We identify major ways in which the individual participant in romantic scenarios may identify the self, gender variations in performance, the character of sequencing in the scenario, and the vocabulary of emotional expression as these have evolved over the past century. Such transformations allow enormous freedom of expression to the contemporary "romantic," but also result in simultaneous loss in both the sense of authenticity and security. (Social Psychology)

Epilogue

2019 ◽  
pp. 325-332
Author(s):  
Jeffrey M. Burns
Keyword(s):  
Catholic Church ◽  
First Century ◽  
Past Century ◽  
Minority Community ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Face ◽  
Catholic History ◽  
Social Message ◽  
Global World ◽  
The U.S

This chapter begins by reviewing the development of U.S. Catholic history over the past century and a half. It then argues that the authors in the present volume represent the next stage in U.S. Catholic historiography. They represent serious scholarship that is better integrated into the U.S. story. Today, U.S. Catholic historians find themselves in an interesting position—they are no longer part of a struggling, defensive minority community, but are still on the periphery. The Catholic Church now matters, sometimes. In the twenty-first century, historians will have to unpack the incredible complexity of a church that is both post-immigrant and still essentially immigrant; a church that consists of all social classes and political parties; and a church that continually struggles to apply and integrate its social message in the face of an increasingly disjointed yet global world.

XI. A Century of Rural Expansion in Assam, 1870-1970

Itinerario ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 193-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. F. Richards ◽  
J. Hagen
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Essential Elements ◽  
Past Century ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
Plantation Economy ◽  
The Past ◽  
Frontier Region ◽  
The Face ◽  
Tea Production ◽  
British Colonial

The seven districts of present-day Assam state, comprising 7.8 million hectares (78,496 km2), lie in the valley of the Brahmaputra river in the extreme northeast of India. On the map they form an extended finger of riverine land pointing toward the mountain boundary. Assam has been a steadily developing frontier region since the middle decades of the nineteenth century. One arm of this development has been that of the plantation economy devoted to tea production in the highlands. British capital, British managers, and Indian coolie labor formed the essential elements in this growing export-oriented economy. From 1870 another settler-based frontier society emerged when peasant migrants from Bengal and ex-tea-laborers took up government-owned wastelands along the Brahmaputra and its tributaries to grow paddy rice. Together these two forces have transformed the face of the land and created a new society in Assam over the past century. The British colonial regime's policies generally favored the development and growth of both the estate and the smallholder sectors of Assam's economy. In this process the indigenous Assamese — whether peasant cultivators or tribal hill peoples — have faced immense pressures on their society and way of life. The purpose of this essay is to delineate the transformations in the land and the agricultural economy that accompanied this process in Assam.

Early mammalian radiations

2001 ◽  
Vol 75 (6) ◽  
pp. 1214-1226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard L. Cifelli
Keyword(s):  
Paradigm Shift ◽  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Function Analysis ◽  
Past Century ◽  
Paradigm Shifts ◽  
The Past ◽  
Form Function ◽  
Conceptual Changes ◽  
Important Direction ◽  
George Gaylord Simpson

The seventy-fifth anniversary of the Journal of Paleontology presents a felicitous opportunity to review major changes in interpretation of mammalian phylogeny. Founding of the journal coincides with the nascence of the career of the most influential paleomammalogist of the past century, George Gaylord Simpson (1902-1984). It occurred at a time when now-archaic models for mammalian systematics and evolution, such as the aristogenesis of H. F. Osborn (1857-1935) and the typological concept of taxa, were prevalent (e.g., Simpson, 1945). These models were soon to give way to “new ways of going at things” (Laporte, 2000, p. 87); most significantly, the incorporation of quantitative methods and the evolutionary synthesis (Simpson, 1944). Subsequent decades witnessed the rise and/or sophistication of other applications and perspectives in fossil-based interpretation of mammalian systematics, including form-function analysis (e.g., Szalay, 1994) and, particularly, cladistic approaches (e.g., McKenna, 1975). Within these broad ideological frameworks, major paradigm shifts have resulted from new discoveries, conceptual changes, or (most commonly) a combination of both. Finally, mammalian systematics currently lie at the verge of a monumental paradigm shift, providing important direction for the future.

scholarly journals A century of (epithelial) transport physiology: from vitalism to molecular cloning

1998 ◽  
Vol 274 (1) ◽  
pp. C13-C23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stanley G. Schultz
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Cloning ◽  
Paradigm Shift ◽  
Epithelial Transport ◽  
Biological Membranes ◽  
Dynamic Structure ◽  
Past Century ◽  
The Past

During the past century, the generally accepted view of the function of biological membranes has evolved from that of a static, inert lipoprotein envelope that simply separates the intracellular machinery from the outside milieu, to that of a dynamic structure that is, in fact, an integral part of that machinery actively involved in homeostasis and bioenergetics. This brief review traces that paradigm shift with special emphasis on the evolution of central concepts in epithelial transport physiology.

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