scholarly journals ASPECTS OF ANALYSIS AND SYNTHESIS IN DESIGN ENGINEERING

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Ernst Eder
Keyword(s):  
Design Process ◽  
Design Engineering ◽  
Specific Task ◽  
Human Aspects ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
Technical Systems ◽  
Action Modes ◽  
Role Of Information

Engineering aims to provide technical processes (TP) and technical systems (TS) to solve a specific task. Human aspects of designing to establish these TP and TS include action modes, expertise, competencies and the role of information. Aspects of the design process include a methodology that can be applied, and the contrast of synthesis with analysis.

scholarly journals A CASE FOR SYSTEMATIC AND METHODICAL DESIGN ENGINEERING

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Ernst Eder
Keyword(s):  
Design Engineering ◽  
Specific Task ◽  
Human Aspects ◽  
Technical Systems ◽  
Action Modes

Engineering aims to provide technical processes (TP) and technical systems (TS) to solve a specific task. The human aspects of designing to establish these TP and TS include action modes, expertise, and competencies. These lead to a conclusion that systematic and methodical design engineering is essential.

scholarly journals Interrelation of Information and Knowledge in the Economy of the Post-Industrial Society

2019 ◽  
Vol 62 ◽  
pp. 01003
Author(s):  
A.M. Mikhailov ◽  
A.A. Kopylova
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Society ◽  
Intellectual Activity ◽  
Historical Method ◽  
Study Task ◽  
Production Activity ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
Logical Method ◽  
Post Industrial ◽  
Role Of Information

Relevance of the study is to consider that in the post-industrial society the role of information and knowledge is so increased that they begin to occupy a decisive place in the production development. The purpose of the work is investigated interrelation of information and knowledge in the process of intellectual activity, which is a component of the production activity of the post-industrial production. The study task is to examine the role of information and knowledge in the formation of the new economy replacing the industrial one. In this paper used abstract-logical method historical method systemic and dialectical methods of analysis and synthesis. As a result of the research were justified "information" and "knowledge" as independent and interrelated categories; identifying peculiarities of knowledge that distinguish it from traditional production factors; studying intellectual activity as a component of the production activity.

scholarly journals PROPERTIES OF TECHNICAL SYSTEMS - KEY TO CROSSING DESIGN BOUNDARIES

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Ernst Eder
Keyword(s):  
Design Process ◽  
Design Engineering ◽  
Transformation System ◽  
Design Specification ◽  
Integrated Product Development ◽  
System A ◽  
Complete Set ◽  
Technical Systems ◽  
Clear Statement ◽  
Typical Design

Based on a model of a transformation system, a complete set of classes of properties for all products is developed. The design specification should give a clear statement of the requirements for the product. Various kinds of product can be recognized. Consequently three typical design processes are: design engineering, industrial design, and integrated product development. For a design process, the proposed set of classes of properties provides a good guideline or heuristic for setting up a design specification. This set of classes of properties supports a directed creativity. It indicates where expertise is needed to obtain an optimal designed product.

Information in Systems Theory

2014 ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
Ioan Constantin Dima
Keyword(s):  
Systems Theory ◽  
Synthesis Method ◽  
System Management ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Systems Management ◽  
Automatic Adjustment ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
Adjustment System ◽  
Role Of Information

This chapter deals with the issue of information in systems theory. Systems theory requires the use of undistorted information in approaching both the system, as such, and its components, including the relation established between them. Systems theory places the study of automatically adjusted systems at its very centre. The management of systems must provide those actions of eliminating the negative consequences caused by distorting the information used in the system. The following chapter discusses the theoretical approach of the “system” concept, use of the analysis and synthesis method in systems theory, modelling and simulating the systems, automatic adjustment systems, automatic adjustment system-management system interdependence, systems management, and more. The conclusion emphasizes the role of information in the management of systems and the possible distortions of information that can occur when it is not properly used in the system.

scholarly journals DESIGN ENGINEERING - NOT JUST APPLIED SCIENCE

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Ernst Eder
Keyword(s):  
Design Education ◽  
Knowledge Engineering ◽  
Normal Operation ◽  
Design Engineering ◽  
Engineering Sciences ◽  
Technical Systems ◽  
Rational Operation ◽  
Action Modes ◽  
Psychological Dimensions ◽  
Main Region

Engineering has different aims to science. Science collects bodies of knowledge. Engineering provides processes and technical systems for specific tasks. A main region of engineering is designing, with technical, economic, human, sociological and psychological dimensions. The scope of information for design engineering is broad – not just engineering sciences. Types of products are needed to (a) compare design processes, and (b) to guide design education. Three action modes exist: (1) normal operation, (2) risk operation, and (3) safety or rational operation. (2) and (3) need guidelines and experience of systematic and methodical approaches, which must be learned before attempting to use them. A further problem of examinability arises.

The Civilization Grand Model

2009 ◽  
pp. 1-44
Author(s):  
Andrew Targowski
Keyword(s):  
Well Being ◽  
Human Condition ◽  
The Third ◽  
Communication Processes ◽  
The World ◽  
Third Millennium ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Role Of Information

The purpose of this study is to develop a comprehensive model of generic civilizations and world civilization, applying the cybernetic technique of analysis and synthesis. Identifying the role of information-communication processes is particularly important for this quest, because these processes strongly influence the progress of civilization at the beginning of the 21st century. Three models, developed by Braudel (1993), Toynbee (1957), and Koneczny (1962), serve as both justification for this type of study and the foundations for a new model. The spectacular progress in technology and living standards achieved by mankind at the beginning of the third millennium prompts research on the grand view of the human condition. Numerous questions need to be answered: 1. What is a civilization? 2. What types of civilizations can be recognized at the beginning of the third millennium? 3. What are the relationships between any particular civilization and the world civilization? 4. What is the role of information and communication in a civilization? 5. What types of laws rule any particular civilization and the world civilization? 6. What are the prospects of the world civilization? Answers to these questions should help us to understand our current condition and the direction of its improvement or perhaps mankind’s further well-being.

Staring Down Death

Crisis ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 212-217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas E. Joiner ◽  
Melanie A. Hom ◽  
Megan L. Rogers ◽  
Carol Chu ◽  
Ian H. Stanley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Suicide Risk ◽  
Clinical Utility ◽  
Blink Rate ◽  
Specific Task ◽  
Careful Planning ◽  
Eye Blink ◽  
Eye Blinks ◽  
Potential Clinical Utility ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract. Background: Lowered eye blink rate may be a clinically useful indicator of acute, imminent, and severe suicide risk. Diminished eye blink rates are often seen among individuals engaged in heightened concentration on a specific task that requires careful planning and attention. Indeed, overcoming one’s biological instinct for survival through suicide necessitates premeditation and concentration; thus, a diminished eye blink rate may signal imminent suicidality. Aims: This article aims to spur research and clinical inquiry into the role of eye blinks as an indicator of acute suicide risk. Method: Literature relevant to the potential connection between eye blink rate and suicidality was reviewed and synthesized. Results: Anecdotal, cognitive, neurological, and conceptual support for the relationship between decreased blink rate and suicide risk is outlined. Conclusion: Given that eye blinks are a highly observable behavior, the potential clinical utility of using eye blink rate as a marker of suicide risk is immense. Research is warranted to explore the association between eye blink rate and acute suicide risk.

ROLE OF INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY (ICT) IN AGRICULTURE FOR RURAL DEVELOPMENT

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-8
Author(s):  
R. P. BAIN ◽  
D. P. RAI ◽  
SIDDARTH NAYAK
Keyword(s):  
Rural Development ◽  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Information And Communication Technology ◽  
Communication Technology ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Sustainable Society ◽  
Indian Agriculture ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Role Of Information

If we want to convert our rural population into knowledge driven, progressive, self sufficient, self reliant, sustainable society, the role of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT’s) cannot be ignored. Timely availability information is considered as most important factor in Indian agriculture. At present ICT is the technology of this millennium. Transferring the developed technology to all end users is time-consuming and tiresome task and is often not completed due to paucity of resources and lack of manpower. In India, agriculture and rural development has gained significantly from ICT due to its widespread extension and adoption. In this era of internet, ICT is committed to provide real, timely accurate authentic information to the farmers and rural peoples.

Artificial intelligence and the management transformation

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 600-612
Author(s):  
L.F. Nikulin ◽  
V.V. Velikorossov ◽  
S.A. Filin ◽  
A.B. Lanchakov
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Soft Power ◽  
Process Integration ◽  
Management Practice ◽  
Scientific School ◽  
Strategic Culture ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
And Training

Subject. The article discusses how management transforms as artificial intelligence gets more important in governance, production and social life. Objectives. We identify and substantiate trends in management transformation as artificial intelligence evolves and gets more important in governance, production and social life. The article also provides our suggestions for management and training of managers dealing with artificial intelligence. Methods. The study employs methods of logic research, analysis and synthesis through the systems and creative approach, methodology of technological waves. Results. We analyzed the scope of management as is and found that threats and global challenges escalate due to the advent of artificial intelligence. We provide the rationale for recognizing the strategic culture as the self-organizing system of business process integration. We suggest and substantiate the concept of soft power with reference to strategic culture, which should be raised, inter alia, through the scientific school of conflict studies. We give our recommendations on how management and training of managers should be improved in dealing with artificial intelligence as it evolves. The novelty hereof is that we trace trends in management transformation as the role of artificial intelligence evolves and growth in governance, production and social life. Conclusions and Relevance. Generic solutions are not very effective for the Russian management practice during the transition to the sixth and seventh waves of innovation. Any programming product represents artificial intelligence, which simulates a personality very well, though unable to substitute a manager in motivating, governing and interacting with people.

The investment activity of Russian business: Relationships with corporate income tax burden

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (7) ◽  
pp. 800-823
Author(s):  
A.A. Razuvaeva ◽  
N.V. Pokrovskaya
Keyword(s):  
Income Tax ◽  
Systems Approach ◽  
Corporate Income Tax ◽  
Federal State ◽  
Tax Burden ◽  
Return On Assets ◽  
Investment Activity ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
Tax Benefits

Subject. This article assesses the role of tax incentives for the Russian business' investment behavior. Objectives. The article aims to identify the relationship between the corporate income tax burden as an indicator responding to tax benefits application and the investment activities of Russian companies. Methods. For the study, we used the methods of analysis and synthesis, and the systems approach. The analysis covers the period from 2012 to 2018. The data of the Russian Federal State Statistics Service, Federal Tax Service of Russia, and the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation are the source of information for analysis. Results. The article summarizes the characteristics of the investment activity of the Russian business. However, the article does not reveal any obvious relationship between the income tax burden and the investment activity of the Russian business in the 2010s. There is also no link found between fixed investment and return on assets. Conclusions. The increase in income tax burden in the late 2010s, accompanied by a decrease in profitability, poses a threat to the active investment development of Russian organizations.

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