Review: Paramedic POCUS, Turning Our Heads to the Prehospital Side of the Fence: A Narrative Review of Education, Training and Future Direction

POCUS Journal ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina D’Alessandro, PCP BA(Hons) ◽  
Ian R. Drennan, ACP, Phd ◽  
Joseph Newbigging, MD, CCFP (EM) FCFP ◽  
Amer M. Johri, MD, MSc, FRCPC, FASE
Keyword(s):  
Critical Point ◽  
Clinical Medicine ◽  
Tipping Point ◽  
Narrative Review ◽  
Medical Specialties ◽  
Portable Ultrasound ◽  
Ultrasound Waves ◽  
Francis Galton ◽  
Education Training ◽  
Future Direction

Portable ultrasound is a burgeoning technology with unrealized potential at a critical point in its evolution [1]. Francis Galton first generated ultrasound waves in 1876; however, it wasn’t until 1940 that ultrasound was first applied to clinical medicine [2]. Reaching a “tipping point”, ultrasound is being rapidly assimilated into many medical specialties beyond radiology, now in the hands of non-radiologist, non-cardiologist novel users [2].

Epilogue

2019 ◽  
pp. 282-288
Author(s):  
Anne Fuchs
Keyword(s):  
Tipping Point ◽  
Temporal Perspective ◽  
Distant Future ◽  
The Future ◽  
Future Direction

This epilogue connects the analysis of time and temporality with a broader perspective on the future direction of the humanities. In 2017, the renowned German writer Juli Zeh published Leere Herzen (Empty Hearts), a dystopian novel that imagines life in postdemocratic Germany and Europe. Zeh's novel does not rank among her highest literary achievements. From a temporal perspective, however, Leere Herzen is an intriguing novel: it places what one might call a “plausible dystopia” within close reach of the disillusioned age. Dystopia no longer designates the final apocalyptic catastrophe that dramatically unfolds in the distant future but rather the gradual erosion of democracy in the here and now. By radically shrinking the temporal gap between now and the future, Zeh's dystopia suspends the future perfect as an enabling perspective that can mobilize preventative action. By contrast to the apocalyptic staging of the tipping point that terminates life on this planet, presentist dystopias envisage the future as unfolding incrementally and cumulatively in the extended present.

CSR narrative under Islamic banking paradigm

2019 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Bilal Zafar ◽  
Ahmad Azam Sulaiman
Keyword(s):  
Narrative Review ◽  
Islamic Banking ◽  
New Wave ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Holistic Understanding ◽  
Theoretical Paper ◽  
Future Direction ◽  
Corporate Social ◽  
Academic Debate

Purpose This paper aims to understand corporate social responsibility (CSR) narrative under the Islamic banking paradigm by three aspects, narrative review of the literature, review of the definitions of CSR and review of factors that cause divergence from conventional percepts. Design/methodology/approach This is a theoretical paper based on literature and aims to understand the CSR narrative under the paradigm of Islamic banking. Findings Religion brings new dimensions of ethics and expands the scope of morality in business. Islamic banking is a new wave of corporation whose social goals are as much important as making profit. There are diverse narrations and definitions prevailing in the literature of CSR under the Islamic paradigm which also encounters the aspects of divergence from conventional percepts. The academic debate of CSR-Islamic banking brings on surface a plausible CSR paradigm, that is to guide the role of Islamic banking in society under the Islamic provisions, ethics and axioms. This paper also paves the way for future direction, particularly in terms of a holistic understanding of CSR narrative under the Islamic banking paradigm. Research limitations/implications This is a theoretical paper; it primarily discusses the theoretical aspects of CSR narrative under the paradigm of Islamic banking, while it does not give insight into the empirical narrative or disclosure of CSR in Islamic banking. Practical implications The theoretical review of literature brings plausible understanding, that Islamic banking is a new wave of corporate and has standings on divine guidance. The structure of the institution in its foundation insists on real economic activity. The legitimacy of Islamic banking has roots in ethical compliance and in inculcating the broader interests of stakeholders. There are several social responsibilities, which are expected from the practitioners of Islamic banking. The practitioners as well must understand that the CSR of Islamic banking is far beyond the conventional percepts of CSR. Originality/value There are several normative and theoretical studies in the domain of CSR-Islamic banking. It is hard to find a comprehensive narrative review of such literature. This review is unique, which brings a holistic understanding of CSR narrative under the Islamic banking paradigm.

scholarly journals Non-classical effects of sildenafil in clinical medicine: an interdisciplinary approach

2019 ◽  
pp. 192-202
Author(s):  
I. A. Tyuzikov ◽  
A. V. Smirnov ◽  
L. V. Smirnova ◽  
I. V. Lesnikova
Keyword(s):  
Erectile Dysfunction ◽  
Clinical Medicine ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Interdisciplinary Approach ◽  
Pharmacological Action ◽  
Modern Medicine ◽  
Phosphodiesterase Type 5 Inhibitors ◽  
Medical Specialties ◽  
Phosphodiesterase Type 5 Inhibitor ◽  
Phosphodiesterase Type

Based on the results of modern clinical and experimental studies, the review article discusses issues of pharmacotherapeutic feasibility, pathogenetic validity and safety of the first and most studied phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitor – sildenafil – in general clinical practice according to «non-classical» (non-erectogenic) indications in the framework of an interdisciplinary approach modern medicine. As it is known, at present, phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors are both the «first line» therapy for treating erectile dysfunction (as monotherapy), as well as an effective option for monotherapy or combined pharmacotherapy of lower urinary tract symptoms on the background of benign prostatic hyperplasia in men with erectile dysfunction. However, given the universality and fundamentality of the mechanisms of their pharmacological action (first of all, the effect on the metabolism of one of the key vasomodulators of the vascular bed, nitric oxide NO), the list of potential and promising indications for prescribing these drugs is constantly expanding due to the presence of various «non-classical» (non-erectogenic) effects, which makes them very attractive for wider application not only in urological practice, but also in other medical specialties. The article describes in more detail and purposefully the accumulated to date scientific and practical data on the effectiveness of the use and potential mechanisms of action of sildenafil in cardiology, endocrinology, neurology, nephrology, obstetrics and gynecology, andrological reproductology and oncology, and also presents the results of studies confirming its safety in the treatment of relevant specialized diseases.

scholarly journals Artificial intelligence in arthroplasty

Arthroplasty ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Glen Purnomo ◽  
Seng-Jin Yeo ◽  
Ming Han Lincoln Liow
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Clinical Decision Making ◽  
Recent Literature ◽  
Improve Patient Care ◽  
Clinical Decision ◽  
Patient Specific ◽  
Allocation Decision ◽  
Medical Specialties ◽  
Future Direction ◽  
Improve Patient

AbstractArtificial intelligence (AI) is altering the world of medicine. Given the rapid advances in technology, computers are now able to learn and improve, imitating humanoid cognitive function. AI applications currently exist in various medical specialties, some of which are already in clinical use. This review presents the potential uses and limitations of AI in arthroplasty to provide a better understanding of the existing technology and future direction of this field.Recent literature demonstrates that the utilization of AI in the field of arthroplasty has the potential to improve patient care through better diagnosis, screening, planning, monitoring, and prediction. The implementation of AI technology will enable arthroplasty surgeons to provide patient-specific management in clinical decision making, preoperative health optimization, resource allocation, decision support, and early intervention. While this technology presents a variety of exciting opportunities, it also has several limitations and challenges that need to be overcome to ensure its safety and effectiveness.

scholarly journals Continuous improvement in patient safety and quality in neurological surgery: the American Board of Neurological Surgery in the past, present, and future

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Marjorie C. Wang ◽  
Frederick A. Boop ◽  
Douglas Kondziolka ◽  
Daniel K. Resnick ◽  
Steven N. Kalkanis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Self Regulation ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Full Spectrum ◽  
Medical Specialties ◽  
The Public ◽  
Current State ◽  
The Us ◽  
Future Direction ◽  
Neurological Surgery

The American Board of Neurological Surgery (ABNS) was incorporated in 1940 in recognition of the need for detailed training in and special qualifications for the practice of neurological surgery and for self-regulation of quality and safety in the field. The ABNS believes it is the duty of neurosurgeons to place a patient’s welfare and rights above all other considerations and to provide care with compassion, respect for human dignity, honesty, and integrity. At its inception, the ABNS was the 13th member board of the American Board of Medical Specialties (ABMS), which itself was founded in 1933. Today, the ABNS is one of the 24 member boards of the ABMS.To better serve public health and safety in a rapidly changing healthcare environment, the ABNS continues to evolve in order to elevate standards for the practice of neurological surgery. In connection with its activities, including initial certification, recognition of focused practice, and continuous certification, the ABNS actively seeks and incorporates input from the public and the physicians it serves. The ABNS board certification processes are designed to evaluate both real-life subspecialty neurosurgical practice and overall neurosurgical knowledge, since most neurosurgeons provide call coverage for hospitals and thus must be competent to care for the full spectrum of neurosurgery.The purpose of this report is to describe the history, current state, and anticipated future direction of ABNS certification in the US.

scholarly journals Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on radiology education, training, and practice: A narrative review

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 354-370
Author(s):  
Md Anwarul Azim Majumder ◽  
Uma Gaur ◽  
Keerti Singh ◽  
Latha Kandamaran ◽  
Subir Gupta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Narrative Review ◽  
Radiology Education ◽  
Education Training

scholarly journals Prediction of Atrial Fibrillation Using Machine Learning: A Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew S. Tseng ◽  
Peter A. Noseworthy
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Machine Learning ◽  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Clinical Medicine ◽  
Cardiac Computed Tomography ◽  
Laboratory Data ◽  
Machine Learning Techniques ◽  
Imaging Data ◽  
Cerebrovascular Events ◽  
Future Direction

There has been recent immense interest in the use of machine learning techniques in the prediction and screening of atrial fibrillation, a common rhythm disorder present with significant clinical implications primarily related to the risk of ischemic cerebrovascular events and heart failure. Prior to the advent of the application of artificial intelligence in clinical medicine, previous studies have enumerated multiple clinical risk factors that can predict the development of atrial fibrillation. These clinical parameters include previous diagnoses, laboratory data (e.g., cardiac and inflammatory biomarkers, etc.), imaging data (e.g., cardiac computed tomography, cardiac magnetic resonance imaging, echocardiography, etc.), and electrophysiological data. These data are readily available in the electronic health record and can be automatically queried by artificial intelligence algorithms. With the modern computational capabilities afforded by technological advancements in computing and artificial intelligence, we present the current state of machine learning methodologies in the prediction and screening of atrial fibrillation as well as the implications and future direction of this rapidly evolving field.

scholarly journals Analysis of national trends in neurosurgical resident attrition

2019 ◽  
Vol 131 (5) ◽  
pp. 1668-1673 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nitin Agarwal ◽  
Michael D. White ◽  
Susan C. Pannullo ◽  
Lola B. Chambless
Keyword(s):  
Residency Training ◽  
Clinical Medicine ◽  
Medical Specialty ◽  
Attrition Rate ◽  
Junior Resident ◽  
Advanced Degree ◽  
Attrition Rates ◽  
Medical Specialties ◽  
Targeted Interventions ◽  
Significant Difference

OBJECTIVEResident attrition creates a profound burden on trainees and residency programs. This study aims to analyze trends in resident attrition in neurological surgery.METHODSThis study followed a cohort of 1275 residents who started neurosurgical residency from 2005 to 2010. Data obtained from the American Association of Neurological Surgeons (AANS) included residents who matched in neurosurgery during this time. Residents who did not finish their residency training at the program in which they started were placed into the attrition group. Residents in the attrition group were characterized by one of five outcomes: transferred neurosurgery programs; transferred to a different specialty; left clinical medicine; deceased; or unknown. A thorough internet search was conducted for residents who did not complete their training at their first neurosurgical program. Variables leading to attrition were also analyzed, including age, sex, presence of advanced degree (Ph.D.), postgraduate year (PGY), and geographical region of program.RESULTSResidents starting neurosurgical residency from 2005 to 2010 had an overall attrition rate of 10.98%. There was no statistically significant difference in attrition rates among the years (p = 0.337). The outcomes for residents in the attrition group were found to be as follows: 33.61% transferred neurosurgical programs, 56.30% transferred to a different medical specialty, 8.40% left clinical medicine, and 1.68% were deceased. It was observed that women had a higher attrition rate (18.50%) than men (10.35%). Most attrition (65.07%) occurred during PGY 1 or 2. The attrition group was also observed to be significantly older at the beginning of residency training, with a mean of 31.69 years of age compared to 29.31 in the nonattrition group (p < 0.001). No significant difference was observed in the attrition rates for residents with a Ph.D. (9.86%) compared to those without a Ph.D. (p = 0.472).CONCLUSIONSA majority of residents in the attrition group pursued training in different medical specialties, most commonly neurology, radiology, and anesthesiology. Factors associated with an increased rate of attrition were older age at the beginning of residency, female sex, and junior resident (PGY-1 to PGY-2). Resident attrition remains a significant problem within neurosurgical training, and future studies should focus on targeted interventions to identify individuals at risk to help them succeed in their medical careers.

Immunology and allergies

2019 ◽  
pp. 395-398
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Clinical Immunology ◽  
Clinical Medicine ◽  
Acute Infection ◽  
Immunoglobulin Therapy ◽  
Immunosuppressive Drugs ◽  
Risk Of Infection ◽  
Combined Immunodeficiency ◽  
Medical Specialties ◽  
Common Variable

Immunology and allergies is the study of the immune system and its defects, and encompasses both clinical medicine and laboratory-based science. Primary immunodeficiency disorders include X-linked agammaglobulinaemia, combined immunodeficiency, and common variable immunodeficiency. Secondary immunodeficiency disorders arise following treatment with cytotoxic or immunosuppressive drugs (e.g. chemotherapy or steroids) or as a result of acute infection. Patients are often treated with immunoglobulin therapy to reduce the risk of infection. Allergy clinics look after patients with severe food or drug allergies or with chronic urticarial conditions, and may also provide desensitization therapies to those affected by severe (e.g. nut) allergies to reduce the risk of anaphylactic reactions. This specialty is also responsible for the provision of clinical immunology services within a hospital (e.g. quality control, interpretation of laboratory assays, and liaison with other medical specialties).

scholarly journals The application of stratified medicine to dementia care

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 245-252
Author(s):  
Emad Sidhom ◽  
John O'Brien ◽  
Benjamin R. Underwood
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Medicine ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Dementia Care ◽  
National Context ◽  
Stratified Medicine ◽  
Medical Specialties ◽  
Current State ◽  
Social Challenge ◽  
Future Potential ◽  
The Uk

SUMMARYStratified medicine has been successfully used in many areas of medicine, perhaps most notably oncology. There is now both a growing evidence base and mounting enthusiasm, supported at a governmental level and across industry, academia and clinical medicine, to apply this approach to neurodegenerative illnesses, including dementia, as these provide the greatest clinical and social challenge of our times. In this article we consider definitions of stratified medicine, look at its application in other medical specialties, review the national context in the UK and consider the current state, future potential and specific considerations of applying stratified medicine to dementia.

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