scholarly journals KARAKTERISTIK TERMAL CAMPURAN BIOSOLAR DAN BIODIESEL MINYAK BIJI RANDU (CEIBA PENTANDRA)

POROS ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 169
Author(s):  
Nofal Kharis Kharis ◽  
Hary Sutjahjono Sutjahjono ◽  
Digdo Listyadi Setyawan ◽  
Nasrul Ilminnafik Ilminnafik
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Characteristics ◽  
Flash Point ◽  
Bunsen Burner ◽  
Heating Value ◽  
Equivalent Ratio ◽  
The Core ◽  
Ceiba Pentandra ◽  
Point Density ◽  
Heat Value ◽  
Fuel Characteristics

Research involving thermal characteristics of mixture of biodiesel from kapok (ceibapentandra) and biosolar has been conducted. Biosolar and biodiesel mixed with 5 different composition:B0 (100% biodiesel), B10 (10% biodiesel), B20, B30, and B100 (100% biodiesel). Laboratory experimentwas conducted to obtain several fuel characteristics: heating value, flash point, density, and viscosity.Biosolar is evaporated at a temperature of 120°C and then the steam is flowed to a bunsen burner with afixed discharge (2 ml/minute) and mixed with air in the equivalent ratio variation (φ) 0.8; 1; and 1,2 andturned on. The resulting flame was recorded with the camera and an analysis of the flame was carriedout. Thermal characteristics of this biodiesel have properties in accordance with biosolar standards ofPT Pertamina Indonesia. The heating value of biosolar is 10,602 cal/gram and biodiesel is 8,641cal/gram, and the mixture has heating value among them. As for the characteristics of the flame with highheat values, the core of the flame is covered in blue which shows the highest heat value.

Biomass Oxygen-Enriched Gasification in a Pressurized Fluidized Bed for Production of Middle/High Heat-Value Fuel Gas

2013 ◽  
Vol 860-863 ◽  
pp. 450-455 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qian Liu ◽  
Bao Sheng Jin
Keyword(s):  
Fluidized Bed ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
High Heat ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
National Standards ◽  
Optimum Operating ◽  
Hydrocarbon Synthesis ◽  
Fuel Gas ◽  
Equivalent Ratio ◽  
Heat Value

For biomass gasification, the high tar and carbon monoxide contents and the low heat value of fuel gas are problems to be solved, which leading to the poor operating conditions of the completed projects in China. Therefore, a new technology of biomass oxygen-enriched gasification in pressurized fluidized bed is proposed. Coupling the technologies of pressurized biomass oxygen-enriched gasification at low temperature, high-temperature gasification and melting, steam reforming and hydrocarbon synthesis, the high gasification efficiency, tar cracking and gas reforming shall be realized, and the middle/high heat value gas which meets the national standards will be produced. ASPEN PLUS simulation was carried out for biomass oxygen-enriched gasification. Both the equivalent ratio and gas yield of rice husk are lower than that of the wood sawdust, while the gas calorific values are equivalent. Considering the gas yield, the calorific value and economy, the optimum operating conditions are obtained: the gasification temperature at 1200 °C, the oxygen purity at 0.9, the equivalent ratio at about 0.25, the S/B ratio at 0.1~0.2. The gas yield could reach 1.9 m3/kg, and the gas calorific value was above 11 MJ/m3.

The Applicant Feasibility Study of Recovered Fuel after Waste Tire Pyrolysis

2014 ◽  
Vol 852 ◽  
pp. 776-779 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kuo Wei Chen
Keyword(s):  
Sulfur Content ◽  
Flash Point ◽  
National Standards ◽  
Fuel Quality ◽  
Fuel Production ◽  
Product Property ◽  
Waste Tire ◽  
Heat Value ◽  
Reduce Energy Consumption ◽  
Pyrolysis Condition

The present research was involved in forming Pyrolysis condition of Catalysis, Pyrolysis Temperature and Reaction Time etc. In addition to ameliorate Flash Point, Sulfur content and Heat Value of the Recovered Fuel from Waste Tire after pyrolysis process in resource chemical plant. This study explored optimal pyrolysis condition of Recovered Fuel production based to improve its Flash point, sulfur content and heat value. The results can serve as a reference to the Recovered Fuel production process design. Improve Recovered Fuel quality, reduce energy consumption and sulfur content, flash point and heat value of Recovered Fuel can meet the national standards. Besides finding a suitable pyrolysis condition, this study also conducted analysis on product property and developed technique to improve process and product property, as an important reference for future studies.

The Key-Factor Modulation of Waste Tire Pyrolysis in Resource Chemical Plant for Recovered Fuel Production

2014 ◽  
Vol 852 ◽  
pp. 772-775 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kuo Wei Chen
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Sulfur Content ◽  
Pyrolysis Temperature ◽  
Chemical Plant ◽  
Flash Point ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Waste Tire ◽  
Marketing Orientation ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Heat Value

The study was to investigate the pyrolysis technology of the Recovered Fuel produced from waste tire. Waste tire block was disposed of the pyrolysis in resource chemical plant to produce the Recovered Fuel. The pyrolysis operation was controlled by a Catalyst, pyrolysis temperature and reaction time. In general, the set flash point, sulfur content and heat value of the Recovered Fuel ameliorate with the reaction time for significant impact. The set flash point and heat value of the Recovered Fuel ameliorate with the pyrolysis temperature for significant impact. The set flash point, sulfur content and heat value of the Recovered Fuel ameliorate with the pyrolysis processing Catalyst B13A.The results also show the production techniques and commercialization of marketing orientation in accordance with appropriate operating conditions in this study.

scholarly journals SYNTHESIS OF BIODIESEL FROM KAPUK SEED OIL (Ceiba Pentandra L) AT VARIATION STIRRING DURATION IN TRANSESTERIFICATION PROCESS

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 186
Author(s):  
Endang Dwi Siswani ◽  
Susila Kristianingrum ◽  
Tohari Tohari
Keyword(s):  
Seed Oil ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Flash Point ◽  
Product Characteristics ◽  
Ceiba Pentandra

The synthesis of biodiesel targeted as SNI 04-7182-2006 standard has been done from kapuk randu seed, following two steps i.e. sokhlet extraction process of kapuk seed oil from kapuk seed using n-heksane as a solvent, and the production of biodiesel from kapuk seed oil by transesterification process using methanol and KOH as catalyst. Transesterificatin process was performed at temperature 50 oC with the variation of stirring duration as followed  50, 75, 100 and 125 minutes. The kapuk randu extraction resulted  % kapuk randu seed oil, while the transestherification process resulted around 55 - 65%. The biodiesel product characteristics provided the density value of all biodiesel at stirring durations variation are suitable with SNI standard (850 – 890 kg/m3), the viscosity value of all biodiesel are  higher than the range SNI value (2,3 – 6,0 cSt). While the flash point values are lesser than SNI standard (10160 - 11000 cal/g). Keywords: kapuk randu seed, transestherification, biodiesel

scholarly journals Density, flash point, viscosity, and heating value of waste cooking biodiesel (B20) with bioadditive essential oil (lemon, lemongrass, eucalyptus)

2020 ◽  
Vol 1595 ◽  
pp. 012005
Author(s):  
A A Permanasari ◽  
S Sukarni ◽  
R Wulandari ◽  
P Puspitasari ◽  
M N Mauludi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Flash Point ◽  
Heating Value

scholarly journals Conceptual Study on Recriticality Prevention Core Having Duplex Pellets with Neutron Absorber in Outer Core in a Fast Reactor

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Toshio Wakabayashi ◽  
Makoto Takahashi ◽  
Naoyuki Takaki ◽  
Yoshiaki Tachi ◽  
Mari Yano
Keyword(s):  
Fast Reactor ◽  
Reactor Core ◽  
Thermal Characteristics ◽  
Outer Core ◽  
Severe Accident ◽  
Monte Carlo Code ◽  
Core Concept ◽  
Neutron Absorber ◽  
The Core ◽  
Nuclear Data Library

In a fast reactor, we evaluated a new core concept that prevents severe recriticality after whole-scale molten formation in a severe accident. A core concept in which Duplex pellets including neutron absorber are loaded in the outer core has been proposed. Analysis by the continuous energy model Monte Carlo code MVP using the JENDL-4.0 nuclear data library revealed that this fast reactor core has large negative reactivity due to fuel melting at the time of a severe accident, so that the core prevents recriticality. Regarding the core nuclear and thermal characteristics, the loading of Duplex pellets including neutron absorber in the outer core caused no significant differences from the normal core without Duplex pellets.

The Effect of Adding Additives on the Mixture of 80% Methanol 96% 20% Ethanol 10% as a Renewable Fuel to Kerosene Substitute

2014 ◽  
Vol 660 ◽  
pp. 416-420
Author(s):  
Jarot Hari Astanto ◽  
Dwi Aris Himawanto ◽  
D. Danardono Dwi Prija Tjahjana ◽  
Dwi Astuti
Keyword(s):  
Specific Gravity ◽  
Specific Heat ◽  
Laboratory Testing ◽  
Flash Point ◽  
Test Flash ◽  
Heating Value ◽  
Renewable Fuel ◽  
Water Boiling Test ◽  
Point Test ◽  
Gravity Test

This research aims to obtain the effect of adding additives on the mixture of 80% methanol (96%) 20% ethanol (10%) that is based on the combustion characteristics as shown by the spaces: specific gravity at 60/60oF, heating value, flash point, kinetic viscosity at 40°C and the specific heat Cp. The method used to determine the effect of adding additives on the mixture of 80% methanol (96%) 20% ethanol (10%) is water boiling test (WBT) start cold and laboratory testing which includes heating value test, specific gravity test, kinetic viscosity test, flash point test. The results showed that the mixture of 80% methanol (96%) 20% ethanol (10%) with the addition of 33.4 ml (500 ml/60 liters of fuel) of additives Top One Power Booster get the temperature of the flame burning at the base is 479°C, the temperature of the flame burning in the middle is 383°C, boiling time (97°C) 1 kg of water is 3 minutes 22 second, fuel consumption is 90 ml, found puddles on kaviti 0.25 ml. It can be concluded that the additives Top One Octane Booster OB-4.5 in the form of caplets/solid containing heavy metals Pb (lead) so it does not dissolve in a mixture of 80% methanol (96%) 20% ethanol (10%), the addition of 33.4 ml of additive Top One Power Booster in a mixture of 80% methanol (95%) 20% ethanol (10%) to increase the heating value, the kinetic viscosity, specific heat and degrade the specific gravity, density and flash point.

scholarly journals Characteristics of rice husk gasification in cyclone pyrolysis-suspended combustion system

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (Suppl. 2) ◽  
pp. 439-447 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yijun Zhao ◽  
Dongdong Feng ◽  
Shaozeng Sun ◽  
Jiyi Luan ◽  
Hongwei Che
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Distribution ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
Diameter Ratio ◽  
Residual Carbon ◽  
Combustion System ◽  
Equivalent Ratio ◽  
Purification System ◽  
Heat Value ◽  
Gasification Efficiency ◽  
Gasification Technology

The cyclonic gasification technology could realize self-separation of syngas and residual carbon, simplifying the purification system. In cyclone pyrolysis-suspension combustion system, bottom air was fed into carbon-rich area of gasifier. Due to the high height/diameter ratio and uneven temperature distribution in cyclone gasifier, the primary/secondary/bottom air rates were 30%, 20%, and 50%, respectively. Effects of gasification intensity and air equivalent ratio on rice husk gasification performance were explored. The results show that for cyclone pyrolysis-suspension combustion, the optimum gasification intensity is 885.24 kg/m2h. Strengthening the subregion of air supplement could cause a gradual increasing of temperature along the axis of gasifier. The syngas yield was independent of gasification intensity, but increased from 0.98 Nm3/kg at ER = 0.23 to 1.38 Nm3/kg at ER = 0.32. At ER = 0.26~0.29, the gasification performance is best, with gas heat value of 4.99~5.37 MJ/Nm3, cold gasification efficiency of 48.25~49.67% and tar content of 5.38~5.75 g/Nm3.

scholarly journals PEMANFAATAN LIMBAH LUMPUR IPAL KAWASAN INDUSTRI DAN SERBUK GERGAJI KAYU MENJADI BRIKET

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sissar Eka Bimantara ◽  
Euis Nurul Hidayah
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Research Methodology ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Quality Standards ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Heating Value ◽  
Wood Sawdust ◽  
Quality Testing ◽  
Heat Value

Lumpur IPAL pada Kawasan Industri sampai saat ini belum dapat dimanfaatkan dengan baik, pemanfaatan lumpur IPAL menjadi briket merupakan salah satu upaya untuk mengatasi permasalahan limbah lumpur IPAL. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui lumpur IPAL dengan campuran serbuk gergaji kayu dapat dijadikan bahan bakar alternatif berupa briket, mengetahui pengaruh variasi lumpur IPAL dan serbuk gergaji kayu terhadap mutu briket berupa kadar abu, nilai kalor, kadar air , dan mengetahui komposisi terbaik antara lumpur IPAL dan serbuk gergaji kayu untuk menghasilkan nilai kalor optimum pada briket. Metodologi penelitian meliputi pengeringan bahan, karbonisasi bahan, penghalusan dan penyaringan bahan 20 mesh (841 µm), 40 mesh (420µm), dan 60 mesh (250 µm), pencetakan dan pengepresan briket, serta pengeringan briket. Selanjutnya dilakukan uji mutu briket, hasil analisis pada briket terbaik terdapat pada perbandingan 20 : 80 dengan menggunakan ayakan 60 mesh, memiliki nilai kalor 4366,8 kal/g, kadar air 1,26% dan kadar abu 1,32%. Nilai kalor pada briket masih belum memenuhi baku mutu dari SNI 4931 Tahun 2010, Minimnya nilai kalor yang dihasilkan bisa juga karena variabel perlakuan, dengan perbandingan yang dilakukan terhadap lumpur dan serbuk gergaji serta menggunakan ukuran ayakan yang berbeda. Kata Kunci : briket, lumpur IPAL, serbuk gergaji kayu. IPAL sludge in the Ngoro Persada Industry has yet to be utilized properly, utilizing IPAL sludge into briquettes is one of the efforts to solve this problem. The aim of this research was to determine the IPAL sludge with a mixture of wood sawdust can be used as an alternative fuel in the form of briquettes, to determine the effect of variations in IPAL sludge and wood sawdust on the quality of briquettes in the form of heat value, ash content and moisture content as well as knowing the best composition between IPAL sludge and wood sawdust to produce briquettes with the best heating value. The research methodology included material drying, carbonization of materials, refining and filtering of 20 mesh (841 μm), 40 mesh (420μm), and 60 mesh (250 μm), printing and pressing briquettes, and briquette drying. Furthermore, briquette quality testing was conducted, the results showed that the best briquettes were at a ratio of 20: 80 using 60 mesh sleve, having a heating value of 4366.8 cal / g, 1.26% moisture content and 1.32% ash content. The calorific value of briquettes still does not meet the quality standards of SNI 4931 of 2010, the lack of heat value produced can also be due to treatment variables, with the comparison carried out on sludge and wood sawdust and using different sieve sizes. Keywords: briquettes, IPAL sludge, wood sawdust.

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