Using Think Aloud Protocols to Assess E-Prescribing in Community Pharmacies

Introduction: Think aloud protocol has rarely been used as a method of data collection in community pharmacies. Purpose: The aim of the report is to describe how think aloud protocols were used to identify issues that arise when using e-prescribing technology in pharmacies. In this paper, we report on the benefits and challenges of using think aloud protocols in pharmacies to examine the use of e-prescribing systems. Methods: Sixteen pharmacists and pharmacy technicians were recruited from seven community pharmacies in Wisconsin. Data were collected using direct observation alongside think aloud protocol. Direct observations and think aloud protocols took place between January-February, 2011. Participants were asked to verbalize their thoughts as they process electronic prescriptions. Results: Participants identified weaknesses in e-prescribing that they had previously not conceived. This created heightened awareness for vigilance when processing e-prescriptions. The main challenge with using think aloud protocols was due to interruptions in the pharmacies. Also, a few participants found it challenging to remember to continue verbalizing their thought process during think aloud sessions. Conclusion: The use of think aloud protocols as method of data collection is a new way for understanding the issues related to technology use in community pharmacy practice. Think aloud protocol was beneficial in providing objective information on e-prescribing use not solely based on pharmacist's or technician's opinion of the technology. This method provided detailed information on a wide variety of real time challenges with e-prescribing technology use in community pharmacies. Using this data collection method can help identify potential patient safety issues when using e-prescribing and suggestions for redesign. Type: Note

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USING THINK ALOUD PROTOCOLS TO ASSESS THE USE OF THE DEFINITE ARTICLE WITH SERBIAN STUDENTS OF ENGLISH

Facta Universitatis Series Linguistics and Literature ◽

10.22190/full1802133v ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 133

Author(s):

Marta Veličković

Keyword(s):

Pilot Study ◽

Native Speakers ◽

Definite Article ◽

English Department ◽

Think Aloud ◽

English Speaker ◽

Think Aloud Protocols ◽

Think Aloud Protocol ◽

Approach To Teaching

One of the issues which has not received enough attention in the Serbian linguistic environment is how Serbian (L1) learners of English (L2) decide which criteria are sufficient and appropriate for the use of the definite article in English. The success that linguists would have in mapping these criteria could make it possible for us to identify key problem areas in this case, and thus provide our students with appropriate and explicit input regarding how to better understand the use of the definite article. What this type of knowledge could lead to is a more specialized approach to teaching articles to non-native speakers (NNS) in the L1 Serbian/L2 English speaker community. With this aim in mind, we have carried out a pilot study which included six NNS of English, seniors at the English Department of the Faculty of Philosophy, University of Niš. Using the method of the think-aloud protocol and a specially-designed fill-in-the-blank task, we attempted to elicit information from our respondents regarding which rules for definite article use, whether specific or non-specific, they rely on and how they account for the use of the definite article in select anaphoric definite and associative definite contexts.

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The Manners Of Cognitive Processin Translating English Phrasal Verbs Into Indonesian

Ability: Journal of Education and Social Analysis ◽

10.51178/jesa.v2i4.310 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 102-109

Author(s):

Fitri Ervina Tarigan, Anni Holila Pulungan, Rahmad Husein

Keyword(s):

Cognitive Processes ◽

Cognitive Process ◽

English Education ◽

Think Aloud ◽

Bilingual Students ◽

State University ◽

Phrasal Verbs ◽

Think Aloud Protocols ◽

Think Aloud Protocol ◽

Recorded Observation

This study dealt with the cognitive process of students in translating English Phrasal Verbs into Indonesian by using the think-aloud protocol (TAP) technique and introspective interview. The objectives of the study was1) to elaboratethe manner of cognitive processes occurring in translating English Phrasal Verbs into Indonesian . This research was conducted by descriptive qualitative design. The source of data was the bilingual students, they were sixth semester students of English Education Program at State University of Medan. The source of data were taken by using Snowballing Technique. The data consisted of the transcription of audio recorded observation of think-aloud protocols (TAP), and the transcription of interview. The findings showed that there are six behaviors available during the process of translation done by the students, namely 1) reading the text, 2) alternating between the SL and the TL 3) monitoring the proposed translation, 4) consulting the dictionary 5) paraphrasing, and 6) translation. The cognitive processes occur when the subjects 1) read the text, either they read the whole SL or segment by segment, 2) kept repeating the term (the lexical) which indicates hesitation, questioning, and remembering the real meaning 3) were not able to make decision for an equivalent, 4) did not understand the meaning of verbs and consult the dictionary, 6) tried to clarify a concept and reformulate a proposed translation by paraphrase, and 7) wrote down a translation and express it orally.

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The potential of cognitive think-aloud protocols for educational action-research

Active Learning in Higher Education ◽

10.1177/1469787417735614 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 20 (3) ◽

pp. 219-232 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

John Cowan

Keyword(s):

Action Research ◽

Relevant Literature ◽

Cognitive Learning ◽

Learning Activities ◽

Learning Activity ◽

Retrospective Data ◽

Think Aloud ◽

Learning And Teaching ◽

Think Aloud Protocols ◽

Think Aloud Protocol

This article presents the case for the use of the ‘think-aloud protocol’ by teachers who engage in action-research as a source of constructive information about their students’ cognitive learning processes. This method calls upon learners to talk their thoughts out aloud, during engagement in some learning activity regarding which the researching teachers seek insight to inform them to plan enhancement of the learning and teaching process. The case for ‘think-aloud’ reporting of particular learning activities is supported by a review of relevant literature. Accounts of diverse experiences in various discipline areas using modified versions of think-aloud protocols in action-researching are presented, with reports of their transformative outcomes. Reasoned reservations regarding the reliability of uncorroborated sources of retrospective data about students’ learning are advanced. Refined methodologies are outlined together with general guidelines, for those minded to explore their value in their own contexts.

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Think Aloud Protocol Applied in Naturalistic Driving for Driving Rules Generation

Sensors ◽

10.3390/s20236907 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 (23) ◽

pp. 6907

Author(s):

Borja Monsalve ◽

Nourdine Aliane ◽

Enrique Puertas ◽

Javier Fernández Andrés

Keyword(s):

Data Collection ◽

Video Processing ◽

Data Gathering ◽

Autonomous Driving ◽

Think Aloud ◽

Think Aloud Protocol ◽

Naturalistic Driving

Understanding naturalistic driving in complex scenarios is an important step towards autonomous driving, and several approaches have been adopted for modeling driver’s behaviors. This paper presents the methodology known as “Think Aloud Protocol” to model driving. This methodology is a data-gathering technique in which drivers are asked to verbalize their thoughts as they are driving which are then recorded, and the ensuing analysis of the audios and videos permits to derive driving rules. The goal of this paper is to show how think aloud methodology is applied in the naturalistic driving area, and to demonstrate the validity of the proposed approach to derive driving rules. The paper presents, firstly, the background of the think aloud methodology and then presents the application of this methodology to driving in roundabouts. The general deployment of this methodology consists of several stages: driver preparation, data collection, audio and video processing, generation of coded transcript files, and the generation of driving rules. The main finding of this study is that think aloud protocol can be applied to naturalistic driving, and even some potential limitations as discussed in the paper, the presented methodology is a relatively easy approach to derive driving rules.

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The think-aloud protocol

10.1093/oso/9780198794844.003.0012 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Tom Knoll

Keyword(s):

Think Aloud ◽

Think Aloud Protocols ◽

Think Aloud Protocol ◽

Player Experience ◽

Pros And Cons

This chapter is about the think-aloud protocol and its application to player experience. It covers what the protocol is, when to apply it, how to conduct it, its pros and cons, and its variations. The chapter concludes with a discussion of think-aloud protocols with children and the considerations necessary when using child participants.

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Some Thoughts About Think-Aloud Protocol

Target ◽

10.1075/target.8.1.05seg ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 75-95 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Candace Séguinot

Keyword(s):

Dynamic Model ◽

Empirical Studies ◽

Mental Activity ◽

Think Aloud ◽

Translation Process ◽

Translation Strategies ◽

Think Aloud Protocols ◽

Think Aloud Protocol ◽

Natural Discourse ◽

Protocol Study

Abstract Empirical studies of the translation process have used think-aloud protocols to provide a window into the mental activity which is not directly observable. This paper reports on a protocol study in a natural discourse situation involving two professional translators and discusses the relevance of the data to the debate on the use of verbalization as a methodology. The protocol provides evidence of translation strategies and points to the need for a dynamic model of the translation process that takes into account activation, suppression, and attending mechanisms.

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