scholarly journals Bayesian inference for oil spill related Net Environmental Benefit Analysis

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Aps ◽  
K. Herkül ◽  
J. Kotta ◽  
I. Kotta ◽  
M. Kopti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bayesian Inference ◽  
Oil Spill ◽  
Benefit Analysis ◽  
Environmental Benefit

A NOVEL METHODOLOGY FOR NET ENVIRONMENTAL BENEFIT ANALYSIS (SPILL IMPACT MITIGATION ASSESSMENT)

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 (1) ◽  
pp. 2454-2474 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter M. TAYLOR ◽  
Martin A. CRAMER
Keyword(s):  
Oil Spill ◽  
Qualitative Methodology ◽  
Stakeholder Involvement ◽  
Response Strategy ◽  
Strategy Development ◽  
Benefit Analysis ◽  
Environmental Benefit ◽  
Response Options ◽  
Impact Mitigation ◽  
Independent Expert

ABSTRACT A key objective for any oil spill response is to minimize the impacts to ecological, socio-economic and cultural resources at risk. To that end, the contingency planners and incident managers have traditionally utilized a formal or informal Net Environmental Benefit Analysis (NEBA) for selecting the most appropriate response option(s) to minimize spill impacts and promote recovery. The processes used to conduct a NEBA have varied considerably between industry operators, though the outcomes in terms of strategy development have been similar. This variation in NEBA approaches can lead to challenges with communicating the underlying basis of response strategies to stakeholders. The oil industry published updated guidance in 2015 to explain the general principles of the NEBA process and facilitate stakeholder involvement. However, with industry’s increasing reliance on NEBA to enhance the transparency of response strategy development, a consistent methodology for conducting formal NEBAs was required. In response to the above issue key industry Associations (API, IOGP and IPIECA) initiated a collaborative project on developing a qualitative NEBA methodology that can be utilized if other, fit-for-purpose NEBA methodologies are not applicable or available. Industry has also begun transitioning to a more representative term for the NEBA process which is Spill Impact Mitigation Assessment (SIMA). Therefore, the SIMA term is used henceforth but it is important to note that the method described herein is not exclusive to the SIMA term and, as with NEBA, only represents one of many approaches that can be utilized to conduct a SIMA. This qualitative methodology is designed to give a consistent approach to larger or higher consequence oil spill scenarios, where multiple spill response options are being considered and a formal SIMA is warranted. Several industry spill response specialists and an independent expert participated in this project, resulting in the development of Guidance on Implementing Spill Impact Mitigation Assessment (IPIECA-IOGP-API 2017 in press).

NET ENVIRONMENTAL BENEFIT ANALYSIS FOR OIL SPILL RESPONSE

1995 ◽  
Vol 1995 (1) ◽  
pp. 611-614 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jenifer M. Baker
Keyword(s):  
Oil Spill ◽  
Case History ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Benefit Analysis ◽  
Environmental Benefit ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Bird Colony ◽  
Interacting Systems ◽  
Oil Spill Response ◽  
Aquaculture Facilities

ABSTRACT This paper discusses Net Environmental Benefit Analysis (NEBA) from an ecological point of view, that is, the weighing of advantages and disadvantages of various spill responses with regard to flora and fauna and their habitats, compared with no response. Particular attention is paid to nearshore dispersant spraying and shore cleanup; and the scientific case history and experimental evidence that can be brought to bear on these responses is reviewed. For shoreline cleanup, consideration is given both to the shore itself and to potentially interacting systems that could be affected in various ways depending on the spill response (e.g., a bird colony or nearshore aquaculture facilities). For some scenarios, nearshore dispersant spraying can offer a net environmental benefit. For most cases of shore oiling, there is little ecological justification for any form of cleanup if only the shore itself is considered, but moderate cleanup carried out for the sake of interacting systems is acceptable. Aggressive cleanup often delays recovery.

NET ENVIRONMENTAL BENEFIT ANALYSIS BY APPLICATION OF GIS-A SYSTEMATIC APPROACH IN A REGION OF HIGH BIODIVERSITY AND INCREASING COMPLEXITY IN OIL PRODUCTION

2005 ◽  
Vol 2005 (1) ◽  
pp. 1095-1098
Author(s):  
Geir Morten Skeie ◽  
Frode Engen ◽  
Odd Willy Brude ◽  
Marit E. Randall
Keyword(s):  
Oil Spill ◽  
Marine Mammals ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Benefit Analysis ◽  
Environmental Benefit ◽  
Alternative Response ◽  
Response Options ◽  
Response Strategies ◽  
Oil Spill Response

ABSTRACT The Norwegian Continental Shelf (NCS) extends from latitude 56° to 71°. Along the 82,000 km coastline and offshore, biodiversity is high, with large populations of fish, seabirds and marine mammals. In terms of oil and gas production, there is an increasing diversity in technical structures, water depth, and oil types, as recovery proceeds to smaller reservoirs. This calls for a high degree of flexibility in oil spill response strategies. According to Norwegian regulations, alternative response strategies must be analysed in a standardized way, including Net Environmental Benefit Analyses (NEBA). For this purpose, a GIS based method has been developed for net environmental benefit analysis of different oil spill response options for the NCS. Through a GIS interface, the user can interactively select a release location, an oil type, and a month for the oil spill. A standard map is generated, showing areas where different oil response strategies pose a net environmental benefit, net environmental loss, or a conflict.

scholarly journals A New Field Guide For Freshwater Shoreline Response

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonia Laforest ◽  
Ed Owens ◽  
Leanne Zrum ◽  
Patrick Lambert ◽  
Shannon MacDonald ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oil Spill ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Benefit Analysis ◽  
Environmental Benefit ◽  
Field Guide ◽  
Field Guides ◽  
Support Tools ◽  
Planning Treatment ◽  
Oil Spill Response

ABSTRACT Environment and Climate Change Canada (ECCC) has developed a series of field guides to provide technical support tools for decisions regarding the evaluation of freshwater and marine shorelines and treatment options during an oil spill response. The new Freshwater Shoreline Response Guide is aligned with and complements the most recent editions of the ECCC Shoreline Cleanup Assessment Technique (SCAT) Manual (ECCC, 2018) and the ECCC Field Guide to Oil Spill Response on Marine Shorelines (ECCC, 2016). ECCC is engaged to provide science-based information to the spill response community and develop an expertise in spill response. The purpose of the Freshwater Shoreline Response Field Guide is to provide advice and guidance on the protection and treatment of freshwater shorelines threatened or affected by an oil spill. This Field Guide focuses on conventional tactics normally available to responders and appropriate for freshwater shoreline environments. The content of the Field Guide is organized to describe key elements of: Health and safety for field teamsNet Environmental Benefit Analysis (NEBA) / Spill Impact Mitigation Assessment (SIMA)Freshwater environmentsOil fate and behaviour in freshwater environmentsResponse – planning, treatment, special topics, and completion and monitoring

scholarly journals Net environmental benefit analysis — a tool of decision-making at oil spill response

2017 ◽  
pp. 47-58
Author(s):  
G.N. Semanov ◽  
◽  
A.N. Gutnik ◽  
S.N. Zatsepa ◽  
A.A. Ivchenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oil Spill ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Surface Film ◽  
Economic Damage ◽  
Benefit Analysis ◽  
Environmental Benefit ◽  
Dispersed Oil ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Mechanical Recovery

Development of oilfields started in Arctic requires adequate response preparedness to potential oil spills. Mechanical recovery due to specific conditions of Arctic has a lot of limitation in application and cannot prevent pollution of Special protected areas (SPA). It is necessary to consider application of dispersants and in situ burning (ISB). Oil spill dispersants are mixtures of nontoxic surface active agents in organic solvent, specifically formulated to enhance the natural dispersion of oil into the sea water column thus enhancing the biodegradation processes. Dispersed oil is practically non adhesive to feather of birds and hair of mammals. The treatment of oil with dispersants requires a cautious strategy in making decisions. It can be achieved by usage of special tool –Net Environmental Benefit Analysis (NEBA) procedures. The decision of dispersants application should be based on the following comparison: “What would be the impact of the pollution when treated with dispersant and when non treated with dispersant?” The NEBA should consider the behaviour of the treated non-treated oil, assess consequently the different resources which will be concerned either by the treated oil or by the surface film oil, assess the sensitivity of the different resources at concern towards the dispersed oil and toward the floating oil film. These analyses assist decision makers when considering whether or not the use of dispersants is appropriate to minimize the environmental/economic damage. This article describes the experience of NEBA application to substantiate decisions how to respond to potential oil spills at the sites on Aniva bay of Sakhalin-2 project at different oil spills scenarios. It was used incremental approach to choose them. Based on sensitivity maps, information about level of impact dispersed and floating oil on bioresources and results of mathematical modelling efficacy of different response methods application: monitoring (no actions to recover spilt oil), mechanical recovery and mechanical recovery together with dispersants application it was shown that SPA can be protected from pollution in most scenarios only in case of dispersants application. Amount of oil stranded on shore in case of application of response method was used as criteria of efficacy of method application level of damage.

THE APPROACHES TO THE SOLVING ENVIRONMENTAL AND ECONOMIC PROBLEMS OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT ON THE SHELF OF THE ARCTIC SEAS OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Krivichev ◽  
Alexander Krivichev
Keyword(s):  
Continental Shelf ◽  
Oil Spill ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Marginal Stability ◽  
Environmental Benefit ◽  
Arctic Seas ◽  
Dynamic Simulations ◽  
Economic Problems ◽  
Technogenic Loads ◽  
Oil Spill Response

Russian Arctic shelf - rich larder of the hydrocarbons, at the same time Northern Sea Route (NSR) - a strategically important route for transporting them. The extraction and the transportation of the hydrocarbons along the NSR requires the solution of a number of ecological and economic problems in the first place to ensure environmental and technogenic safety. For the solving of these problems on the continental shelf it is required a system of comprehensive measures: - the development of the regulatory framework for environmental support oil and gas projects; - the introduction and use of integrated methods for monitoring environmental conditions at the sites of technogenic loads on the shelf of the Arctic seas, including the use of drones; - creating different models for assessing the marginal stability of ecosystems to technogenic loads during production and transportation of hydrocarbons on the continental shelf based on systems of dynamic simulations; - the development and use of sensitivity maps of coastal areas of the Arctic seas during oil spill response; - accounting of the results of the analysis of the total environmental benefit in the development of oil spill response plans; - application of the principle of "zero" resetting, due to the high fishery valuation in Barents and Kara seas and the conservation of marine biological resources.

An environmental benefit analysis of bike sharing in New York City

Cities ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 103475
Author(s):  
Yan Chen ◽  
Yongping Zhang ◽  
D'Maris Coffman ◽  
Zhifu Mi
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
New York City ◽  
York City ◽  
Benefit Analysis ◽  
Environmental Benefit ◽  
Bike Sharing

scholarly journals Kazakhstan experience in adopting NEBA within its legal framework

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dinara Amanzholova ◽  
Peter M. Taylor ◽  
Aliya Sadvokassova ◽  
Gulnara Dospayeva
Keyword(s):  
Oil Spill ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Environmental Benefit ◽  
Response Options ◽  
Contingency Plans ◽  
Implementation Methodology ◽  
National Industry ◽  
International Experts ◽  
Simulation Exercises

ABSTRACT Kazakhstan's legal framework concerning oil spill issues has been reviewed and updated during 2015–2019, driven by the adoption of good international practice. Ensuring the full response toolkit is available and options are chosen to mitigate the overall impact of an incident were critical principles. The Oil Spill Preparedness Regional Initiative (OSPRI), in conjunction with national industry (North Caspian Operating Company - NCOC and KazMunaiGaz - KMG), shared the net Environmental Benefit Analysis (NEBA) approach and later the Spill Impact Mitigation Assessment (SIMA) with key agencies and authorities as part of this effort. As the first step, workshops and seminars on NEBA were organized at local and national levels. These were facilitated by international experts and national consultants to build awareness and understanding. The second step was to embed NEBA within the legal framework. The legal system has a strong hierarchy including Codes, Laws and Orders. The National Contingency Plan (2015), approved by Order, acknowledged NEBA and gave impetus to develop additional legislation on the NEBA process. To ensure proper legal force, it was suggested to embed NEBA higher up the hierarchy, in the Subsoil Use Code (2017). Practical implementation of NEBA (during simulation exercises) and review by authorities of a draft NEBA report prepared by NCOC, revealed that the process required further clarification. It was not clear how NEBA should be presented in contingency plans, for authorities' review and approval i.e. whether it should be a separate report or incorporated within the plan. It was mooted that proposed amendments to the Environmental Code would aid clarification. In order to support a coherent process of contingency plans' approval, NEBA should be supported by a suitable and recognized implementation methodology. The SIMA methodology has been proposed as an option in Kazakhstan. Work on the Environmental Code's amendments, incorporating suitable clarifications, is expected to be completed in 2020. Based on the experience of NEBA adoption in Kazakhstan, cooperation between industry and authorities, exercises and workshops leads to positive results. The process has taken some years, as capacity building and legislative developments were required, but is reaching a successful conclusion. This will inform the choice of response options for any future incidents, to achieve least overall ecological and socio-economic impacts.

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