Pengurusan Keresahan Mahasiswa IPTA di Musim COVID-19

The COVID-19 pandemic had affected the whole world especially the human life routine. There were several sectors that had been severely affected such as economy, education, and mental wellbeing. Most of the countries had implemented the approach of online classes as alternative to manage the education system. Thus, the students joining all the classes by themselves via online. There are a lot of consequences that need to be adapted by students to undergo the new norm of education system. This study used case study design to identify the appropriate counselling intervention to reduce anxiety among students. The counsellor used the approach of Cognitive Behaviour Therapy (CBT) with the objective to restructure the client’s thought and behaviour in facing the adversity during the pandemic of COVID-19. In total, there were 8 sessions that had been conducted for counsellor to help the client to rationalize the thought and exploring new possible behaviour that can be applied by the client. At the end of the session, the client manages to control her anxiety issues and become more encourage to focus on online learning basis. The approach of behaviour and cognitive therapy are suitable to be used among the counsellors to help the client with anxiety issues. Abstrak Pandemik COVID-19 telah melanda kebanyakan negara di seluruh dunia dan menjejaskan kehidupan serta aktiviti manusia di dunia. Banyak sektor yang terjejas seperti sektor ekonomi, sektor pendidikan, keselamatan dan kesejahteraan mental di seluruh dunia. Bagi bidang pendidikan, kebanyakan negara memfokuskan pengajaran dan pembelajaran dalam talian sebagai alternatif untuk menguruskan pendidikan pengajar dan pembelajaran. Ini membawa kepada pelajar belajar secara bersendirian dengan pemikiran mereka dikuasai oleh maklumat -maklumat dari media masa. Terdapat banyak kesan-kesan sampingan dihadapi oleh pelajar dalam menghadapi kehidupan norma baharu ini. Artikel ini akan membincangkan bagaimana kaunselor membantu klien dalam menjalani kehidupan norma baharu dan mengurangkan keresahan yang dihadapi klien. Kaunselor menggunakan pendekatan terapi tingkah laku dan kognitif (CBT) untuk menstrukturkan kembali pemikiran dan mengubah tingkah laku yang dapat membantu klien mengadaptasi kehidupan di norma baharu. Lapan sesi yang dijalankan bagi membincangkan pemikiran yang dimiliki klien mengenai pendemik ini, merasionalkan pemikiran tersebut, melihat tingkah laku hasil dari pemikiran dan daya tindak yang sesuai untuk klien praktikan. Hasil daripada sesi kaunseling yang dijalankan bersama kaunselor, klien dapat mengawal keresahan yang dialami dan bersemangat untuk lebih fokus kepada pembelajaran dalam talian. Oleh itu, pendekatan terapi tingkah laku dan

Evaluating the outcomes of enhanced adherence counselling intervention on clients with high viral loads in selected health facilities in Monze.

To investigate the changes in Viral Load(VL) during Enhanced Adherence Counselling (EAC) sessions and its determinants among ART clients with unsuppressed VLs in Monze district. Method: A Cross-sectional study involving 616 HVL ART clients from 15 health facilities in Monze district which was conducted between October 1 2019 and March 30 2021. Results Out of 616 clients analysed, there was an improvement in viral load suppression following completion of EAC with a final outcome of 61% suppression. 28.7% remained unsuppressed. A total of 9.1% had no final viral load results documented and 0.2 % had been transferred out of their respective facilities and were not included in the study. Collection of repeat Viral loads was done on 84% of the clients with high viral load results while 16% had no record of sample collection. A total of 56 results were not received giving a result return of 89% from repeat samples collected. Females had a 40% likelihood of being unsuppressed at 95% CI (41% to 86%) compared to the males. Conclusion EAC improves the outcomes of HVLs and should be encouraged on all high viral clients. Programs should be developed to improve suppression in females on ART

Impact of Visual Multimedia as a Counselling Strategy for Reducing School Dropout Propensity among School Children Who Are Survivors of Abductions in Northern Nigeria

This study was a quasi experiment involving 470 school children who were survivors of abduction in Northern Nigeria. There were two interventions: the first was a face-to-face counselling, while the second was a visual multimedia counselling intervention. The result of the study showed that at baseline, all the respondents reported high school dropout propensity. However, after the treatment, respondents in the visual multimedia group reported lower school dropout propensity when compared to their counterparts in the face-to-face counselling. The researchers made recommendations based on the results of the study.

Effect of a maternal counselling intervention delivered by community health workers on child nutrition: secondary analysis of a cluster randomised controlled trial in India

Background India suffers from a double burden of malnutrition and anaemia. The Karnataka anaemia project indicated that a counselling intervention delivered by community health workers improved anaemia cure rates. Objective To evaluate the effect of maternal counselling on nutritional aspects of anaemia prevention. Methods Secondary analysis of a cluster randomised controlled trial (55 simultaneously randomised villages using random number generator in Chamrajnagar district, Northern India). In the intervention group mothers of anaemic children received five monthly counselling sessions plus usual care (iron and folic acid supplements), while mothers of anaemic children in the control group received usual care alone. Daily intake of nutrients related to anaemia prevention, i.e. iron (mg) and vitamin C (mg), was estimated using the 24-h dietary recall method at baseline and 6 months follow-up. Linear and logistic mixed regression models were used to assess between-groups difference in changes in nutrients intake from baseline to end of follow-up. Data collectors and analysts were blinded to the group assignment. Results Participants were 534 (intervention n = 303; usual treatment n = 231) anaemic children, aged 1 to 5 years and their caregivers, of whom 521(intervention n = 299 from 28 villages; usual treatment n = 222 from 27 villages) were retained at 6 months follow-up and included in the analysis. This study provides inconclusive evidence of improvement in the intake of nutrients that prevent anaemia from baseline to follow-up among the intervention compared to the control group; increase in iron intake was 0.24 mg/day (95% CI -0.67; 1.15) and increase in vitamin C intake was 4.61 mg/day (95% CI -0.69, 9.91). Although encouraging, it is notable that the overall intake of nutrients that prevent anaemia remained well below the national recommended daily allowance. Conclusion This study provides inconclusive evidence of the effect of parental counselling on nutritional aspects of anaemia prevention. The results highlight the need to devise multi-component anaemia-prevention interventions that include facilitators of the availability of nutritious food and should be evaluated in studies that are adequately powered to detect nutritional changes. Trial registration International Standard Randomized Controlled Trial Number ISRCTN68413407, prospectively registered on 17/12/2013.

Managing Cancer as a Family Disease - Feasibility, Satisfaction and Family Functioning after Short-Time Counselling for Families with Parental Cancer

Background: Parental cancer affects not only the patient, but all family members. Access to psychological support for the entire family is highly relevant, but still scarce. The aim of the present research project was to develop, implement, and evaluate the effectiveness of a short-term counselling intervention for families with parental cancer. Methods: The short-term counselling intervention consisted of six sessions and was developed based on pre-existing evaluated concepts. All participating family members had to complete questionnaires prior and post-intervention. These questionnaires investigated changes in family communication and satisfaction levels, parental anxiety and depression levels, parental partnership quality and self-assessed quality of life of children and adolescents. Furthermore, feasibility of and satisfaction with the intervention was assessed. Results: Acceptability of short-term counselling was high in participating families, although feasibility was limited with regard to the final inclusion rate (n = 10). Comparison of pre and post intervention measures showed a significant increase in family communication and satisfaction levels. Anxiety and depression levels were low, quality of parental partnership within the normal range, and quality of life reported from children was high. These scores remained stable from pre to post intervention. Conclusions: The counselling intervention most likely had positive effects in all family members with either stabilizing or increasing all measured outcomes. Although interpretation of the results is limited due to the small sample size, we believe that integrated in clinical routine of adult care of a hospital, this additional offer might be a valuable benefice to cancer patients and their families. Clinical Trial Registration Number: NCT03097458 (clinicaltrials.gov)